{"id":39292,"date":"2019-03-12T01:28:38","date_gmt":"2019-03-12T00:28:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.fjala.info\/?p=39292"},"modified":"2021-02-20T04:40:05","modified_gmt":"2021-02-20T03:40:05","slug":"stilistika-dhe-metrika-figurat-stilistike-rima-strofa-vargu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/stilistika-dhe-metrika-figurat-stilistike-rima-strofa-vargu\/","title":{"rendered":"STILISTIKA DHE METRIKA (FIGURAT STILISTIKE, RIMA, STROFA, VARGU)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Xhelal Zejneli<\/strong><\/p>\n

Figura<\/strong>, pasqyrimi figurativ i jet\u00ebs, \u00ebsht\u00eb ve\u00e7oria kryesore e artit, pra edhe e let\u00ebrsis\u00eb artistike si form\u00eb e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb e pasqyrimit t\u00eb jet\u00ebs.
\nFigur\u00eb<\/strong> \u2013 t\u00eb folurit e figursh\u00ebm, quhet \u00e7do shprehje q\u00eb i jep gjuh\u00ebs bukuri, kolorit, forc\u00eb shpreh\u00ebse, konkret\u00ebsi (tropet). P\u00ebr gjuh\u00ebn poetike thon\u00eb se \u00ebsht\u00eb gjuh\u00eb figurative.<\/p>\n

Figura stilistike<\/strong> \u2013 M\u00ebnyr\u00eb jo e r\u00ebndomt\u00eb e t\u00eb folurit, q\u00eb e p\u00ebrdor shkrimtari p\u00ebr ta p\u00ebrforcuar shprehjen dhe fjal\u00ebn artistike. Figura stilistike jan\u00eb: inversioni<\/em>, pyetja retorike<\/em>, heshtja<\/em>, paralelizmat<\/em>, anaforat<\/em> etj.<\/p>\n

Figura t\u00eb p\u00ebrjetshme<\/strong> \u2013 Figura artistike t\u00eb let\u00ebrsis\u00eb bot\u00ebrore n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat shkrimtari ka krijuar nj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsim artistik t\u00eb madh, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i zbatuesh\u00ebm edhe te brezat e m\u00ebvonsh\u00ebm. P.sh.: n\u00eb figur\u00ebn e Prometheut, jan\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsuar tiparet e njeriut, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i gatsh\u00ebm t\u00eb flijoj\u00eb jet\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb mir\u00ebn e popullit. N\u00eb figur\u00ebn e Anteut \u00ebsht\u00eb treguar forca e pashtershme, q\u00eb ia fal\u00eb njeriut lidhja e tij me truallin amtar, me popullin e tij. Me figur\u00ebn e Faustit \u00ebsht\u00eb mish\u00ebruar aspirata dhe hovi i pand\u00ebrprer\u00eb i shpirtit njer\u00ebzor p\u00ebr t\u00eb ecur p\u00ebrpara. Prandaj brezat q\u00eb vijn\u00eb atyre u referohen shpesh.<\/p>\n

Figura e Don Kishotit personifikon \u00ebnd\u00ebrrimin fisnik, por pa asnj\u00eb baz\u00eb n\u00eb jet\u00eb. Hamleti, heroi i tragjedis\u00eb s\u00eb Shekspirit \u00ebsht\u00eb mish\u00ebrim i njeriut t\u00eb ndar\u00eb m\u00eb dysh nga kontradiktat. Tartufi, Don Zhuani, Harpagoni, Jagua jetojn\u00eb p\u00ebr shum\u00eb koh\u00eb n\u00eb nd\u00ebrgjegjen e brezave, p\u00ebr arsye se n\u00eb ta p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsohen shum\u00eb an\u00eb t\u00eb njeriut: hipokrizia, koprracia etj.<\/p>\n

Grotesku<\/strong> (qesharak dhe i pazakonsh\u00ebm<\/em>) \u2013 M\u00ebnyr\u00eb e p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb let\u00ebrsi dhe n\u00eb art, q\u00eb ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me paraqitjen e njeriut apo t\u00eb skenave t\u00eb jet\u00ebs, me zmadhim apo me zvog\u00eblim t\u00eb theksuar, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb sh\u00ebmtuar dhe komike, ku ana reale e jet\u00ebs g\u00ebrshetohet me fantastiken, gj\u00ebja prek\u00ebse dhe e tmerrshme g\u00ebrshetohet me at\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb qesharake. P.sh.: Fransua Rable \u2013 Gargantua dhe Pantagrueli; Saltikov Sh\u00e7edrin \u2013 Historia e nj\u00eb qyteti, te dramat e Joneskos, t\u00eb Brehtit, t\u00eb Majakovskit etj. e hasim te Kronik\u00eb n\u00eb gur (Kadare).<\/p>\n

Tropi<\/strong> \u2013 M\u00ebnyr\u00eb shprehjeje<\/em>. Ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me p\u00ebrdorimin e fjal\u00ebve ose t\u00eb shprehjeve n\u00eb kuptimin e figursh\u00ebm t\u00eb tyre. Baz\u00eb e tropit \u00ebsht\u00eb krahasimi i dy fenomeneve q\u00eb n\u00eb nd\u00ebrgjegjen ton\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt me nj\u00ebri-tjetrin. Dallohen k\u00ebto lloje tropesh:<\/p>\n

– t\u00eb thjeshta: krahasimi, epiteti;
\n– t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuara: metafora, metonimia, sinekdoka, alegoria, simboli, ironia, hiperbola, litota, perifraza.<\/p>\n

Akrostiku<\/strong> – Rreshti i fundit. Vjersh\u00eb e shkruar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb q\u00eb germat fillestare t\u00eb vargjeve t\u00eb formojn\u00eb emrin a mbiemrin e ndonj\u00eb personi, ose nj\u00eb fjal\u00eb apo nj\u00eb fjali t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb.
\nP.sh.:<\/p>\n

H<\/strong>er\u00eb e madhe, her\u00eb e vog\u00ebl
\n\u00cb<\/strong>sht\u00eb n\u00eb qiell e ndri\u00e7on,
\nN<\/strong>at\u00ebn duket, dit\u00ebn fshihet
\nA<\/strong>saj vjersha i k\u00ebndon!<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Inversioni ose hyperbata<\/strong> (t\u00eb vendosurit gjetk\u00eb<\/em>) \u2013 Figur\u00eb stilistike, m\u00ebnyr\u00eb e shprehjes poetike q\u00eb ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me shkeljen e rregullave t\u00eb zakonshme t\u00eb renditjes s\u00eb fjal\u00ebve n\u00eb fjali. Kryefjala vendoset pas kall\u00ebzuesit, cil\u00ebsori para fjal\u00ebs s\u00eb cil\u00ebsuar etj. P.sh.:<\/p>\n

Vaj e mjerime qet k\u00ebjo tok\u00eb e jona.
\n(Mjeda<\/em><\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

N\u00eb vend t\u00eb:<\/p>\n

K\u00ebjo tok\u00eb e jona qet vaj e mjerime.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Hiperbola<\/strong> (zmadhim i tepruar<\/em>) \u2013 Nj\u00eb nga tropet, shprehje figurative q\u00eb ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me zmadhimin e tep\u00ebrt t\u00eb forc\u00ebs, t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrmasave t\u00eb nj\u00eb fenomeni. E ndeshim n\u00eb folklor. P.sh.:<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrmbi kryet topuzi i ka fjorue:
\ndymb\u00ebdhet pash n\u2019l\u00ebndin\u00eb u ngul topuzi!
\ndymb\u00ebdhet pash p\u00ebrpjet\u00eb si re u \u00e7ue pluhni!
\n\u201cGjergj Elez Alia<\/strong>\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

ose shembull nga let\u00ebrsia artistike:<\/p>\n

…\u00e7\u2019u ka b\u00ebr\u00eb Skenderbeu
\narmik\u00ebvet at\u00eb nat\u00eb,
\ni griu, i shoi, i preu!
\nIsh rruf\u00e9 ajo, s\u2019ish shpat\u00eb!
\n(Naimi<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Krahasimi<\/strong> \u2013 Nj\u00eb nga tropet m\u00eb t\u00eb thjeshta. Nj\u00eb fenomen, nj\u00eb objekt apo nj\u00eb koncept p\u00ebrcaktohet duke e krahasuar at\u00eb me nj\u00eb fenomen tjet\u00ebr, q\u00eb ka shenja t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebta me t\u00eb parin. Shprehet me fjal\u00ebt: si, tamam si, pothuajse si etj. P.sh.:<\/p>\n

E ka qerpikun si krahu i dall\u00ebndyshes
\nFtyra e saj kuqet si molla n\u2019deg\u00eb,
\nGoja e vog\u00ebl si lulja q\u00eb shp\u00ebrthen
\nDh\u00ebmb\u00ebt e bardh\u00eb si gurzit e lumit
\n(popullore \u201cMartesa e Halilit\u201d<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

ose:<\/p>\n

Porsi kanga e zogut t\u2019ver\u00ebs,
\n……………………………………..
\n……………………………………..
\nashtu a gjuha jon\u00eb shqiptare!
\n(Fishta<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

ose:<\/p>\n

Mal e re porsi dy zdapa
\nNgrehin luft\u00eb q\u00eb gja s\u2019e pret
\n(Mjeda<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Simboli<\/strong> \u2013 Nj\u00eb nga tropet. Z\u00ebvend\u00ebson emrin e nj\u00eb fenomeni, apo t\u00eb nj\u00eb objekti p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb n\u00eb vepr\u00ebn poetike, me nj\u00eb shenj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr q\u00eb t\u00eb kujton k\u00ebt\u00eb fenomen jet\u00ebsor apo objekt. P.sh.: agimi, m\u00ebngjesi \u2013 simbole t\u00eb rinis\u00eb, t\u00eb fillimit t\u00eb jet\u00ebs. Nata \u2013 simbol i vdekjes, i fundit t\u00eb jet\u00ebs. D\u00ebbora, simbol i t\u00eb ftohtit, i ndjenj\u00ebs s\u00eb ftoht\u00eb. P\u00ebllumbi \u2013 simbol i paqes etj.<\/p>\n

Simbole jan\u00eb edhe figurat artistike, q\u00eb personifikojn\u00eb tiparet m\u00eb karakteristike t\u00eb nj\u00eb fenomeni, njeriu etj. P.sh. Harpagoni \u2013 simbol i koprracis\u00eb; Tartufi \u2013 simbol i hipokrizis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Similituda<\/strong> (ngjashm\u00ebri<\/em>, p\u00ebrngjasim<\/em>) \u2013 Krahasim i zgjeruar, kur t\u00eb dy krah\u00ebt e krahasimit nuk jan\u00eb dy fjal\u00eb, por dy fraza. I ka p\u00ebrdorur Homeri n\u00eb poemat e veta. E ka p\u00ebrdorur Naimi n\u00eb Bag\u00ebti e bujq\u00ebsi:<\/p>\n

Kur d\u00ebgjon z\u00ebthin e s\u2019\u00ebm\u00ebs qysh e le qengji kopen\u00eb?
\nBleg\u00ebrin dy a tri her\u00eb edhe ik\u00ebn e merr dhen\u00eb!<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

ose Fishta n\u00eb Lahut\u00ebn e Malcis:<\/p>\n

A ke par\u00eb ndo\u2019i her\u00eb p\u00ebr seri
\nse si, kur t\u2019u bjer\u00eb skifteri
\nhikin pulat np\u00ebr ka\u00e7uba
\nNjashtu at\u00ebbot\u00eb hikna ata cuba<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Sinekdoka<\/strong> \u2013 Nj\u00eb nga llojet e ve\u00e7anta t\u00eb metonimis\u00eb<\/em>. P\u00ebrdorimi i nj\u00eb fjale p\u00ebr t\u00eb shfaqur nj\u00eb ide m\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb ose m\u00eb t\u00eb ngusht\u00eb se ideja q\u00eb duam t\u00eb tregojm\u00eb. P.sh. kur p\u00ebrdorim nj\u00ebj\u00ebsin n\u00eb vend t\u00eb shum\u00ebsit dhe anasjelltas:<\/p>\n

Shqiptari ta thot\u00eb tro\u00e7…; Bota e t\u00ebr\u00eb u \u00e7udit me bukurin\u00eb e \u00e7up\u00ebs. Ushtria jon\u00eb nuk la k\u00ebmb\u00eb armiku t\u00eb shkel\u00eb kufijt\u00eb tan\u00eb etj.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Shkall\u00ebzimi ose gradacioni<\/strong> \u2013 Figur\u00eb stilistike. Shkrimtari i vendos fjal\u00ebt sipas nj\u00eb shkall\u00ebzimi t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar ngjit\u00ebs apo zbrit\u00ebs, duke filluar prej fjal\u00ebs m\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb drejt fjal\u00ebs m\u00eb t\u00eb but\u00eb dhe anasjelltas duke shkuar gradualisht nga fjala e but\u00eb drejt fjal\u00ebs s\u00eb fort\u00eb:<\/p>\n

Shkall\u00ebzimi ngjit\u00ebs:<\/p>\n

Thuaja kang\u00ebs, rini, pash syt\u2019 e tu!
\nT\u00eb rroki, t\u00eb puthi kanga, t\u00eb nxisi me dashnu!
\n(Kanga e rinis – Migjeni<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Shkall\u00ebzimi zbrit\u00ebs:<\/p>\n

Valimi i anijes s\u00eb leht\u00eb
\nQetohet, ndalohet, mbaron…
\n(Gjeniu i anijes \u2013 L. Poradeci<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Instrumentimi i vargut<\/strong> \u2013 Nj\u00eb nga m\u00ebnyrat e p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb fjal\u00ebs poetike, q\u00eb ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me p\u00ebrdorimin e fjal\u00ebve me p\u00ebrb\u00ebrje kumbuese. P.sh.<\/p>\n

O i zhyer, i zhgryer, i vyer p\u00ebr hu.
\n(Noli<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

ose:<\/p>\n

Ti na \u00e7thure, na \u00e7kule, na \u00e7duke \u00e7do fe.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Lloje t\u00eb instrumentimit jan\u00eb aliteracioni, onomatopeja etj.<\/p>\n

Oksimoron<\/strong> \u2013 Nj\u00eb nga tropet artistike. Lokucion ose shprehje q\u00eb konsiston n\u00eb kombinimin e fjal\u00ebve q\u00eb jan\u00eb kontradiktore apo tejet t\u00eb kund\u00ebrta. P.sh. heshtje kumbuese; g\u00ebzim i hidhur etj.<\/p>\n

Paralelizmi<\/strong> \u2013 Nj\u00eb nga m\u00ebnyrat e t\u00eb folurit poetik q\u00eb q\u00ebndron n\u00eb krahasimin e dy fenomeneve me p\u00ebrshkrimin paralel t\u00eb tyre. P.sh.: vjersha e Filip Shirok\u00ebs Dall\u00ebndyshe kthehu<\/em>. Paraleliz\u00ebm n\u00eb t\u00eb kemi midis dall\u00ebndyshes dhe t\u00eb m\u00ebrguarit, poetit shtegtar.<\/p>\n

Parodia<\/strong> \u2013 Nj\u00eb nga llojet e let\u00ebrsis\u00eb satirike. Vep\u00ebr n\u00eb vargje ose n\u00eb proz\u00eb, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn r\u00ebndom tregohen an\u00ebt qesharake ose t\u00eb metat e krijimtaris\u00eb s\u00eb ndonj\u00eb shkrimtari t\u00eb njohur ose vepre t\u00eb popullarizuar.<\/p>\n

Parodi n\u00eb let\u00ebrsin\u00eb shqipe mund ta quajm\u00eb Dhiat\u00ebn e vjet\u00ebr<\/em> t\u00eb \u00c7ajupit.<\/p>\n

Personifikimi<\/strong> \u2013 Nj\u00eb nga m\u00ebnyrat e p\u00ebrshkrimit artistik. Q\u00ebndron n\u00eb pajisjen e kafsh\u00ebve, sendeve, fenomeneve dhe ideve me aft\u00ebsi dhe me veti njer\u00ebzore, me aft\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb folur, p\u00ebr t\u00eb menduar dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb emocional. P\u00ebrdoret n\u00eb p\u00ebrralla, fabula etj.<\/p>\n

Personifikimi si trop artistik ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me kalimin e vetive t\u00eb njeriut n\u00eb sendet e pashpirt apo n\u00eb kuptimet abstrakte.<\/p>\n

Dallojm\u00eb: a) personifikimin e natyr\u00ebs, b) personifikimin e veprimtaris\u00eb s\u00eb njeriut, c) personifikimin e fenomenit. P.sh.<\/p>\n

1. Personifikimi i nj\u00eb fenomeni abstrakt, i liris\u00eb, te Historia e Sk\u00ebnderbeut, e Naimit:<\/p>\n

\u201cO liri e shenjt\u00ebruar!
\nEngj\u00ebll i Per\u00ebndis\u00eb,
\nerdhe me g\u00ebzim nd\u00ebr duar
\ni dhe drit\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb…\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

2. Personifikim kafsh\u00ebsh nga Naimi: Flet ujku:<\/p>\n

Ty fort t\u00eb dua,
\nse t\u2019\u00ebt at\u00eb e kisha mik.
\nTi pse m\u00eb bie?
\npo shko: mblidh mend…\u201d
\n(T\u00eb dy qet\u00eb dhe ujku<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

3. Personifikimi i natyr\u00ebs. Personifikohet mali i Tomorit q\u00eb flet te poezia e \u00c7ajupit Baba Tomori:<\/p>\n

\u201c…Fshiu lot dhe m\u00eb tha Tomori:
\n– O shqiptar\u00ebt e gjor\u00eb
\nD\u00ebgjoni Baba Tomor\u00eb…\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

P\u00ebrs\u00ebritja<\/strong> (anadiploza<\/em>) \u2013 Figur\u00eb stilistike; m\u00ebnyr\u00eb shprehjeje poetike q\u00eb ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me p\u00ebrs\u00ebritjen e fjal\u00ebve t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta apo t\u00eb frazave t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta. Ka raste kur p\u00ebrs\u00ebriten format e nj\u00ebjta sintaksore apo tingujt (anafora, mbaresa, rima etj.).
\nForm\u00eb burimore e p\u00ebrs\u00ebritjes jan\u00eb paralelizmat. P.sh.:<\/p>\n

\u201cDola, moj xhane, dola,
\nMora p\u00ebrpjet\u00eb mal\u00eb!
\nGjeta, moj xhane, gjeta,
\nGjeta nj\u00eb lajthi me kok\u00ebrr…\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

ose te \u00c7ajupi:<\/p>\n

\u201cVdiq Naimi, vdiq Naimi.
\nMoj e mjera Shqip\u00ebri!\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

ose te Fishta:<\/p>\n

\u201cKur qe ai knjazi i Malit t\u2019Zi,
\nKnjaz Nikolla, i g\u00ebrxheli:
\nG\u00ebrxheli, por belaxhi:
\nNa dynd\u00eb top na dynd\u00eb ushtri\u201d.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Lajtmotiv ose lajtmotiv<\/strong> (motivi kryesor<\/em>) \u2013 Mendimi kryesor q\u00eb p\u00ebrshkon t\u00ebr\u00eb vepr\u00ebn, p\u00ebrs\u00ebritet dhe theksohet nga autori.<\/p>\n

Li\u00e7enc\u00eb poetike<\/strong> (nga latinishtja litencia \u2013 lejim) \u2013 Shmangie nga normat e zakonshme t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs ose t\u00eb varg\u00ebzimit.<\/p>\n

Litota<\/strong> (thjesht\u00ebsi<\/em>) \u2013 Nj\u00eb nga tropet; shprehje figurative e kund\u00ebrt me hiperbol\u00ebn. Ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me zvog\u00eblimin e theksuar t\u00eb madh\u00ebsis\u00eb, t\u00eb forc\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb nj\u00eb fenomeni. P.sh. n\u00eb p\u00ebrrallat tona popullore, personazhi i Gjishtos (i vog\u00ebl sa nj\u00eb gisht).<\/p>\n

Polisindeti<\/strong> (shum\u00eb-lidh\u00ebze) \u2013 Figur\u00eb stilistike. T\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuarit e ligj\u00ebrat\u00ebs poetike duke shtuar numrin e lidh\u00ebzave. P.sh.:<\/p>\n

\u201c…e b\u00ebn urgji p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebri
\ne dridhet tok\u2019 e det e ti,
\nti qen i bot\u00ebs kob\u00ebzi,
\nti gjakatar…\u201d
\n(E fundit m\u00ebrzitje \u2013 L. Poradeci<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

ose poezia Misri e \u00c7ajupit:<\/p>\n

Fush\u00eb dhe fush\u00eb \/ dhe fush\u00eb prap\u00eb
\nFush\u2019 e pasosur \/ dhe shum\u00eb vap\u00eb<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Makaronike<\/strong> (vjersh\u00eb<\/em>) \u2013 Vjersh\u00eb e pajisur q\u00ebllimisht me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb huaja. E para vjersh\u00eb e till\u00eb ka qen\u00eb poema komike italiane \u201cMaccaronea\u201d e Tifi Odassit (1490) prej nga e ka burimin edhe emri i k\u00ebtij lloj vjershe. Vjersha satirike e shkruar n\u00eb vargje makaronike i tall njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb i p\u00ebrulen \u00e7do gj\u00ebje t\u00eb huaj dhe q\u00eb heqin dor\u00eb nga gjuha amtare. N\u00eb let\u00ebrsin\u00eb shqipe vjersh\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb ka Hil Mosi.<\/p>\n

Metafora<\/strong> (bartje<\/em>, transport<\/em>) \u2013 Nj\u00eb nga tropet kryesore poetike. Fjal\u00eb e figurshme q\u00eb em\u00ebron nj\u00eb send a nj\u00eb fenomen me emrin e nj\u00eb sendi a fenomeni tjet\u00ebr q\u00eb i ngjan atij. Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, baz\u00eb e metafor\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb krahasim i n\u00ebnkuptuar. P.sh. vullnet i hekurt; qesh natyra<\/p>\n

Molla t\u2019kputkuna nji deget
\ndy qershia lidh\u00eb n\u2019ji rrfan\u00eb,
\nku fillojn\u00eb kufit e Geget,
\nrrijn\u00eb dy \u00e7ika me nj\u00eb nan\u00eb
\n(Andra e jet\u00ebs \u2013 Mjeda<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Metafora mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb e thjesht\u00eb kur p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga nj\u00eb shprehje e p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb kuptim t\u00eb figursh\u00ebm (molla, qershi) dhe e zgjeruar.<\/p>\n

Shembull i metafor\u00ebs s\u00eb zgjeruar, ku poeti e paraqet bukurin\u00eb dhe ftoht\u00ebsin\u00eb e vash\u00ebs:<\/p>\n

Zemra jote n\u00eb krahrort t\u00ebnd
\n\u00ebsht\u00eb hekur brenda n\u2019ergj\u00ebnt,
\ndhe n\u00eb linj\u2019 ai krahruar
\nsi nd\u00eb dh\u00e9 gur\u2019 i pa\u00e7muar.
\nDielli z\u00ebn\u00eb me rez\u00eb,
\nVera n\u00eb qelqe t\u00eb zez\u00eb…
\n(Poezia Bukuria \u2013 Naimi<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Metonimia<\/strong> (nd\u00ebrrim<\/em>, z\u00ebvend\u00ebsim i emrit<\/em>) \u2013 Nj\u00eb nga tropet kryesore n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn poetike. Z\u00ebvend\u00ebson emrin e nj\u00eb fenomeni apo t\u00eb nj\u00eb sendi me nj\u00eb em\u00ebr tjet\u00ebr, t\u00eb lidhur ngusht\u00ebsisht n\u00eb nd\u00ebrgjegjen ton\u00eb me p\u00ebrfytyrimin p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb fenomen ose objekt. P.sh.: n\u00eb romanin Eugjen Oniegin, Pushkini shkruan:<\/p>\n

Duke lexuar me k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsi Apuleun
\ndhe ne kuptojm\u00eb se poeti lexonte librin e shkrimtarit romak Apuleut.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Shembuj t\u00eb tjer\u00eb: Jetoi me djers\u00ebn e ballit (jetoi me pun\u00ebn e vet). Marsi i mundoi \u2013 Lufta i mundoi. H\u00ebngra dy pjata \u2013 H\u00ebngra dy pjata gjell\u00eb. Lexova Shekspirin \u2013 Lexova nj\u00eb vep\u00ebr t\u00eb Shekspirit. Jetoj me gjilp\u00ebr\u00eb dhe g\u00ebrsh\u00ebr\u00eb (Jetoj nga profesioni im \u2013 Shkrimtari p\u00ebrmend mjetin apo vegl\u00ebn n\u00eb vend t\u00eb pun\u00ebs apo profesionit).<\/p>\n

Ironia<\/strong> \u2013 \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga tropet; p\u00ebrdorimi i nj\u00eb fjale me kuptimin e saj t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt. P.sh.: e themi t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt\u00ebn e asaj q\u00eb mendojm\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, p\u00ebr di\u00e7ka, p\u00ebr ndonj\u00eb njeri apo p\u00ebr ndonj\u00eb fenomen. Mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb dashamir\u00ebse, trishtuese, keqdash\u00ebse, ther\u00ebse etj. E kan\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur \u00c7ajupi, Fishta, Migjeni, Nonda Bulka etj.<\/p>\n

Jambi<\/strong> \u2013 Vjersh\u00eb n\u00eb Greqin\u00eb e vjet\u00ebr me karakter humoristik. K\u00ebndoheshin me jambik (veg\u00ebl muzikore trakase). Jamet e Arkilokut (shek. VII p.e.r.), t\u00eb poetit romak Horacit (shek. I p.e.r.)<\/p>\n

Alegoria<\/strong> \u2013 T\u00eb folurit e t\u00ebrthort\u00eb. \u00cbsht\u00eb lloj tropi q\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga nj\u00eb p\u00ebrshkrim apo tregim i cili nuk duhet marr\u00eb n\u00eb kuptimin e drejt\u00eb q\u00eb kan\u00eb fjal\u00ebt, p\u00ebr arsye se pas tyre fshihet nj\u00eb mendim tjet\u00ebr. Alegoria mund t\u00eb lidhet me metafor\u00ebn dhe t\u00eb merret si nj\u00eb metafor\u00eb e zgjatur. Nj\u00eb alegori e madhe \u00ebsht\u00eb Komedia hyjnore e Dante Aligerit. N\u00eb let\u00ebrsin\u00eb shqipe alegori kemi n\u00eb poezin\u00eb Shk\u00ebndija e diellit dhe e manushaqes (Naimi), te K\u00ebnga n\u00eb vehte (Migjeni).<\/p>\n

Aluzioni<\/strong> \u2013 Figur\u00eb stilistike q\u00eb nd\u00ebrtohet duke p\u00ebrdorur nj\u00eb shprehje proverbiale p\u00ebr t\u00eb \u00e7ekur brendin\u00eb e k\u00ebtij apo atij fakti. T\u00eb cekurit e nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjeje larg e larg, me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb mbuluara. P.sh. Fitore e Pirros.<\/p>\n

Anafora<\/strong> (nxjerr lart<\/em>) \u2013 Figur\u00eb stilistike, p\u00ebrs\u00ebritje e s\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebs fjal\u00eb apo e disa fjal\u00ebve n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb disa vargjeve q\u00eb vijn\u00eb nj\u00ebri pas tjetrit. Mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret edhe n\u00eb proz\u00eb. P.sh.:<\/p>\n

Jam i gjall\u00eb e jam n\u00eb jet\u00eb
\njam n\u00eb drit\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb…
\n(Naimi<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

N\u2019at\u00eb Vranin\u00eb mue sot me m\u2019dal\u00eb,
\nN\u2019at\u00eb Vranin\u00eb, n\u2019at\u00eb t\u2019zez\u00eb t\u00ebrthore,
\nKu mbe\u2019n shkret sa arm\u00eb mizore,
\nKu mbe\u2019n djerr sa toke grat\u00e7ore.
\nKu mbe\u2019n vithnat pa bag\u00ebti… (Fishta<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Antiteza<\/strong> \u2013 Figur\u00eb stilistike q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret duke v\u00ebn\u00eb p\u00ebrball\u00eb dy gjendje, dy mendime t\u00eb nj\u00eb personazhi, p\u00ebr t\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb n\u00eb dukje tiparet dalluese t\u00eb tyre. P.sh.:<\/p>\n

Atje nisi, atje mbaroi
\nAtje krisi, atje pushoi…
\n(Shpell\u00eb e Dragobis\u00eb, Noli<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

ose:<\/p>\n

Bylbyl, ky shekull or\u00eb e \u00e7ast ndrrohet:
\nBijn\u00eb posht\u00eb t\u00eb naltit, i vogli \u00e7ohet.
\n(Mjeda<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Antonomazi<\/strong> \u2013 Figur\u00eb retorike, q\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebson nj\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm me nj\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrve\u00e7\u00ebm dhe anasjelltas. P.sh.:<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb Demosten, q\u00eb ka kuptimin nj\u00eb orator i zoti.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb poezin\u00eb shqipe:<\/p>\n

K\u00ebndo \u00ebngj\u00ebll urt\u00ebsin\u00eb
\nPun\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00eb ka punuar
\nKordhetari i v\u00ebrtet\u00eb.
\n(Historia e Sk\u00ebnderbeut \u2013 Naimi<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Vargu i fundit \u00ebsht\u00eb antonomazi p\u00ebr Sk\u00ebnderbeun.<\/p>\n

Pyetje retorike<\/strong> \u2013 Figur\u00eb stilistike. M\u00ebnyr\u00eb e shprehjes poetike q\u00eb ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me t\u00eb pohuarit n\u00eb form\u00eb pyet\u00ebse. P\u00ebrdoret n\u00eb veprat artistike dhe n\u00eb ligj\u00ebratat oratorike, jo p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje, por p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb fraz\u00ebs forc\u00eb dhe intonacion t\u00eb ngritur. P.sh.:<\/p>\n

Obobo!
\nkshu pse m\u00eb vini p\u00ebrpara syve pa pushim,
\nO dit\u00ebt e djal\u00ebris\u00eb, o moj koh\u00ebz e t\u00eb rit tim?
\n(Naimi<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

ose:<\/p>\n

Ku e lat\u00eb ndoren, more diell?
\nKu e ke ndoren, mori zan\u00eb?
\nPa a kjo a besa qi m\u2019pat\u00ebt dhan\u00eb?
\n(Rapsodia Martesa e Halilit<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Apostrofa<\/strong> (thirrje<\/em>) \u2013 Figur\u00eb stilistike, m\u00ebnyr\u00eb shprehjeje n\u00eb poezi kur u drejtohemi sendeve sikur ato t\u00eb ishin qenie t\u00eb gjalla, apo kur i drejtohemi nj\u00eb personi q\u00eb mungon, sikur ai t\u00eb ishte i pranish\u00ebm. P.sh.:<\/p>\n

O malet e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe ju o lisat e gjat\u00eb!
\n(Naimi<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

ose:<\/p>\n

E mba mend, moj Mar\u00eb,
\nDashurin\u2019 e par\u00eb!
\n(\u00c7ajupi<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Asindeti<\/strong> \u2013 Figur\u00eb stilistike, m\u00ebnyr\u00eb shprehjeje poetike q\u00eb nd\u00ebrtohet pa p\u00ebrdorur lidh\u00ebzat midis fjal\u00ebve dhe fjalive. P.sh.:<\/p>\n

T\u2019jan\u00eb mb\u00ebrthye, t\u2019jan\u00eb kap\u00ebrthye
\nHaju, ngaju, \u00e7aju, vraju…
\n(Fishta<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

ose:<\/p>\n

Suedezi, rusi \u2013 ther, grin, pret.
\nGj\u00ebmim daulleje, britma, k\u00ebrc\u00ebllima.
\nBu\u00e7ima topash, trok\u00ebllima, hing\u00ebllima, ul\u00ebrima.
\n(Pushkin<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Epiteti<\/strong> (shtojc\u00eb<\/em>) \u2013 \u00cbsht\u00eb forma m\u00eb e thjesht\u00eb e tropit. Fjal\u00eb q\u00eb v\u00eb n\u00eb dukje, sqaron, karakterizon ndonj\u00eb ve\u00e7ori ose cil\u00ebsi t\u00eb nj\u00eb sendi apo t\u00eb nj\u00eb fenomeni. P.sh.:<\/p>\n

Rrezet e arta, ka\u00e7urrelat e m\u00ebndafshta, era \u00e7apk\u00ebne, ai e p\u00ebrk\u00ebdheli eg\u00ebrsisht<\/p>\n

Ekziston edhe i ashtuquajturi epitet i p\u00ebrhersh\u00ebm, i ngulur: qeni serb.<\/p>\n

R I M A<\/strong> \u2013 mbares\u00eb e p\u00ebrputhur, e harmonishme e dy ose disa vargjeve poetike, q\u00eb thekson ritmin e vargut. Harmonizim t\u00eb plot\u00eb ose rim\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00ebfillt\u00eb kemi kur dy ose m\u00eb shum\u00eb vargje i kan\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta si zanoret ashtu edhe bashk\u00ebting\u00eblloret. P.sh.<\/p>\n

Sa e dua gjith\u00eb jet\u00ebn
\nSe aty gjej t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebn.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Po qe se vargjet i kan\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta vet\u00ebm bashk\u00ebting\u00eblloret, at\u00ebher\u00eb kemi disonanc\u00eb ose konsonanc\u00eb. P.sh.<\/p>\n

Ret\u00eb gjoksin e hirt\u00eb grisin.
\nMbi shtyllat e hekurta t\u00eb fabrikave q\u00eb tymosin.
\n(I. Kadare<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Asonanca ose rima jo e plot\u00eb \u2013 kur vargjet kan\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta vet\u00ebm zanoret. P.sh.<\/p>\n

Dhe n\u00eb mes hyve t\u00eb nat\u00ebs zu vendin e han\u00ebs
\n(Migjeni<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Dallojm\u00eb rim\u00ebn e p\u00ebrputhur \u2013 q\u00eb lidh vargjet e af\u00ebrta (AA, BB); rim\u00ebn e kryq\u00ebzuar, ose e alternuar \u2013 vargu i par\u00eb rimon me t\u00eb tretin kurse i dyti me t\u00eb kat\u00ebrtin (AB, AB) dhe rim\u00ebn e mbyllur \u2013 vargu i par\u00eb rimon me t\u00eb kat\u00ebrtin kurse i dyti me t\u00eb tretin (AB, BA).<\/p>\n

Rimat mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb dyshe, treshe, kat\u00ebrshe \u2013 kur rimojn\u00eb me po at\u00eb rim\u00eb dy, tre, kat\u00ebr vargje.<\/p>\n

Ka raste kur e nj\u00ebjta rim\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritet n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha vargjet e poezis\u00eb. Nj\u00eb vjersh\u00eb e till\u00eb quhet monorim\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Monorima<\/strong> \u2013 Vjersh\u00eb me nj\u00eb rim\u00eb t\u00eb vetme q\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritet. Hasen shpesh n\u00eb poezin\u00eb e vjet\u00ebr orientale.<\/p>\n

Asonanca<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Rim\u00eb jo e plot\u00eb e dy a m\u00eb shum\u00eb vargjeve, q\u00eb kan\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta vet\u00ebm zanoret e theksuara dhe zanore t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb fjal\u00ebve fundore. Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, duke nisur prej theksit t\u00eb tyre t\u00eb fundit, kan\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme vet\u00ebm zanoret. P.sh.:<\/p>\n

Fryni era u \u00e7el taraba
\nN\u2019kamb\u2019 Halil, se Abdyl aga …
\n(popullore<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

N\u00eb let\u00ebrsin\u00eb e shkruar:<\/p>\n

Hodo pash\u00ebs m\u2019i b\u00ebn selam\u00eb
\nThuaj ta \u00e7oj\u00eb miletin m\u2019kamb\u00eb
\n(Lahuta e malcis \u2013 Fishta<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

2. P\u00ebrs\u00ebritja e nj\u00eb ose disa zanoreve brenda vargut, strof\u00ebs ose fraz\u00ebs. P.sh.:<\/p>\n

O i zhyer, i zhgryer, i vyer p\u00ebr hu.
\n(Noli<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Disonanca<\/strong> (q\u00eb ting\u00ebllon ndryshe<\/em>) ose konsonanca \u2013 lloj rime jo e plot\u00eb, kur fjal\u00ebt e rimuara duke filluar prej theksit t\u00eb fundit kan\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta vet\u00ebm bashk\u00ebting\u00eblloret, nd\u00ebrsa zanoret i kan\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme. P.sh.:<\/p>\n

Porse era
\nGjith\u00eb fjal\u00ebt rr\u00ebmben duke fryr\u00eb,
\nI \u00e7on ajo larg menj\u00ebher\u00eb
\ni derdh si ciklon n\u2019hap\u00ebsir\u00eb.
\n(I. Kadare<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Ekuivoku<\/strong> \u2013 N\u00eb metrik\u00eb, rim\u00eb ekuivoke quhet rima e formuar prej fjal\u00ebve q\u00eb ting\u00ebllojn\u00eb nj\u00ebsoj, por kan\u00eb kuptim t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm. P.sh.:<\/p>\n

Shoq\u00ebrohem fort un\u2019 me nj\u00eb ruse
\nemnit i thon\u00eb Zoja,
\najo p\u00ebrhera m\u00eb thot\u2019 se
\ndo bahem edhe e zoja
\n(L. Siliqi<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Anakreontike<\/strong> (poezi<\/em>) \u2013 Lloj i poezis\u00eb lirike antike; k\u00ebndohej jeta e g\u00ebzuar e pa halle, gostit\u00eb, vera, dashuria. E mori emrin nga poeti i Greqis\u00eb s\u00eb lasht\u00eb Anakreonti (shek.VI p.e.r.).<\/p>\n

M E T R I K A<\/strong> \u2013 Sistem i rregullave sipas t\u00eb cilave nd\u00ebrtohet varg\u00ebzimi dhe ritmi i vjersh\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Metrika antike<\/strong> \u2013 sistem i varg\u00ebzimit n\u00eb Greqin\u00eb e vjet\u00ebr, q\u00eb u krijua aty nga shek. VIII p.e.r. Q\u00eb nga shek. III p.e.r. filloi t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret edhe n\u00eb Rom\u00ebn e vjet\u00ebr.
\nN\u00eb metrik\u00ebn antike nuk ka rim\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb bot\u00ebn antike greke poet\u00ebt nuk i lexonin, por i k\u00ebndonin vargjet e tyre. Poeti ishte nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht edhe k\u00ebng\u00ebtar. Si instrument muzikor p\u00ebrdorej lyra, nga ku buron edhe fjala lirik\u00eb.<\/p>\n

S t r o f a<\/strong> \u2013 Bashkimi i dy ose m\u00eb shum\u00eb vargjeve poetike. Var\u00ebsisht nga numri i vargjeve, strofat mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb: dyvarg\u00ebsh<\/em> (distiku<\/em>), trevarg\u00ebsh<\/em> (terceti<\/em>), kat\u00ebrvarg\u00ebsh<\/em> (katreni<\/em>), pes\u00ebvarg\u00ebsh<\/em>, gjasht\u00ebvarg\u00ebsh<\/em> (sekstin\u00eb<\/em>), tet\u00ebvarg\u00ebsh<\/em> (oktava<\/em>), n\u00ebnt\u00ebvarg\u00ebsh<\/em> (nona<\/em>), dhjet\u00ebvarg\u00ebsh<\/em> (decima<\/em>) etj.<\/p>\n

Strof\u00eb e lir\u00eb<\/strong> \u2013 Strof\u00eb e formuar prej vargjeve t\u00eb ndryshme, me rima t\u00eb pacaktuar q\u00eb nis\u00ebn t\u00eb paraqiten n\u00eb let\u00ebrsin\u00eb bot\u00ebrore q\u00eb n\u00eb shek XVIII. I p\u00ebrdori poeti italian Gjakomo Leopardi n\u00eb kanconat e tij. N\u00eb let\u00ebrsin\u00eb jan\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur pak.<\/p>\n

Strof\u00eb oniegiane<\/strong> \u2013 Strof\u00eb me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn \u00ebsht\u00eb shkruar romani i Pushkinit Eugjen Oniegini. P\u00ebrb\u00ebhet prej tre katrenave (strofave kat\u00ebrshe, d.m.th. me 4 vargje) dhe prej nj\u00eb distiku (strof\u00eb dyshe \u2013 me dy vargje), t\u00eb krijuar prej vargjeve n\u00ebnt\u00ebrrok\u00ebshe. Kat\u00ebrvarg\u00ebshi i par\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb me rim\u00eb t\u00eb alternuar; i dyti \u2013 me rim\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrputhur; i treti \u2013 me rim\u00eb t\u00eb kryq\u00ebzuar. Distiku \u2013 me rim\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrputhur.<\/p>\n

Soneti<\/strong> (ting\u00ebllima<\/em>) \u2013 lloj strofe e cila sipas rregullave t\u00eb vendosura n\u00eb Itali, n\u00eb Mesjet\u00eb, p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet prej 14 vargjeve. N\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e par\u00eb jan\u00eb dy katrena (dy strofa kat\u00ebrvarg\u00ebshe); n\u00eb t\u00eb dyt\u00ebn \u2013 dy tercena (dy strofa treshe \u2013 me tre vargje).
\nR\u00ebndom jan\u00eb shkruar n\u00eb vargje nj\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00ebrrok\u00ebshe.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebmba<\/strong> \u2013 N\u00eb metrik\u00ebn antike, \u00ebsht\u00eb kombinimi i p\u00ebrs\u00ebritur i rrokjeve t\u00eb gjata dhe t\u00eb shkurtra. Var\u00ebsisht nga numri i rrokjeve, k\u00ebmba mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb 2, 3 dhe 4 rrok\u00ebsh. K\u00ebmb\u00eb dyrrok\u00ebshe jan\u00eb: trokeu dhe jambi. K\u00ebmb\u00eb trirrok\u00ebshe jan\u00eb: daktili, amfibraku dhe anapesti. K\u00ebmb\u00eb 4 rrok\u00ebsh jan\u00eb peonet.<\/p>\n

Distiku<\/strong> \u2013 Nj\u00eb nga strofat m\u00eb t\u00eb thjeshta, dyshe, e p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb prej dy vargjeve q\u00eb lidhen mes tyre nga rima e p\u00ebrputhur. Dyvarg\u00ebshi n\u00eb poezin\u00eb orientale quhet bejte. Shpesh proverbat jan\u00eb distik\u00eb. E gjejm\u00eb edhe n\u00eb shum\u00eb k\u00ebng\u00eb popullore. Ja nj\u00eb shembull nga let\u00ebrsia artistike:<\/p>\n

Kroj i fshatit ton\u00eb, uj\u00eb i kulluar,
\n\u00c7\u2019na buron nga mali duke m\u00ebrm\u00ebruar.<\/p>\n

Ven\u00eb mbushin uj\u00eb vashat anemban\u00eb,
\nCip\u00ebz\u00ebn me hoja lidhur m\u00ebnjan\u00eb.
\n(L. Poradeci<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Hemistiku<\/strong> (gjysm\u00ebvargu) \u2013 Quhet gjysma e nj\u00eb vargu t\u00eb dyzuar, ose cilado pjes\u00eb e vargut q\u00eb ndahet prej cezur\u00ebs. P.sh.:<\/p>\n

Q\u00eb dit\u00ebn q\u00eb vdiqe, q\u00eb kur s\u2019t\u00eb kam par\u00eb
\n(\u00c7ajupi<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

V A R G U<\/strong> \u2013 Bashkimi i nj\u00eb togu t\u00eb fjal\u00ebve q\u00eb kan\u00eb nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb caktuar rrokjesh dhe theksash ritmik\u00eb. Vargu e merr emrin prej numrit t\u00eb rrokjeve.<\/p>\n

Vargu i lir\u00eb<\/strong> \u2013 Varg n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin numri i rrokjeve t\u00eb theksuara dhe t\u00eb patheksuara \u00ebsht\u00eb i lir\u00eb. Vargu i lir\u00eb mund t\u00eb mos ket\u00eb rim\u00eb. Filluan ta p\u00ebrdorin p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb fund t\u00eb shekullit XIX dhe n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb shekullit XX, Emil Verharen n\u00eb Belgjik\u00eb, Aleksand\u00ebr Bllok n\u00eb Rusi etj.
\nTe ne shkroi n\u00eb vargje t\u00eb lira Migjeni. Sot vargu i lir\u00eb te ne \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft i p\u00ebrdorur.<\/p>\n

Vargu i thyer<\/strong> \u2013 Varg i p\u00ebrdorur nga Majakovski. Ky varg \u00ebsht\u00eb i rregullt, por Majakovski p\u00ebr t\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dukje nj\u00eb fjal\u00eb, e theu. P.sh.:<\/p>\n

Le t\u00eb b\u00ebhem
\nnj\u00ebqind vjet
\npa pleq\u00ebri
\nn\u00eb jet\u00eb
\nNga viti n\u00eb vit
\nguximi yn\u00eb
\nle t\u00eb rritet.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Varg\u00ebzimi metrik
\nVarg\u00ebzimi silabik (rrokjesor) \u2013 Metrika e let\u00ebrsis\u00eb son\u00eb artistike bazohet n\u00eb sistemin e varg\u00ebzimit silabik.
\nVarg\u00ebzimi silabo-tonik
\nVarg\u00ebzimi tonik<\/p>\n

Vargje t\u00eb bardha<\/strong> \u2013 Vargjet me madh\u00ebsi t\u00eb ndryshme q\u00eb nuk kan\u00eb rim\u00eb. Jan\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapura shum\u00eb n\u00eb let\u00ebrsin\u00eb bot\u00ebrore. N\u00eb vargje t\u00eb bardha jan\u00eb shkruar tragjedit\u00eb e Shekspirit, dramat e Bajronit, t\u00eb Pushkinit etj.
\nN\u00eb let\u00ebrsin\u00eb shqipe jan\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur shum\u00eb n\u00eb rapsodi, n\u00eb poemat e De Rad\u00ebs, t\u00eb Gavril Dar\u00ebs s\u00eb Ri, t\u00eb Fisht\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Vargu i dyzuar<\/strong> \u2013 Varg i krijuar nga bashkimi i dy vargjeve t\u00eb tjera. T\u00eb till\u00eb jan\u00eb gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00ebrrok\u00ebshi i dyzuar (8 rrokje + 8 rrokje = 16 rrokje); dymb\u00ebdhjet\u00ebrrok\u00ebshi i dyzuar (6 rrokje + 6 rrokje = 12 rrokje) etj.<\/p>\n

Trioleti<\/strong> \u2013 Tet\u00ebvarg\u00ebsh, lloj strofe i nd\u00ebrtuar duke p\u00ebrs\u00ebritur tri her\u00eb vargjet dhe rimat. Vargu i par\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritet si varg i kat\u00ebrt. Te ne e ka p\u00ebrdorur L. Poradeci.<\/p>\n

Tercina ose terceti<\/strong> (trevarg\u00ebshi) \u2013 Strof\u00eb e p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb prej tre vargjeve, t\u00eb shkruara r\u00ebndom me nj\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb rrokje. Tercinat lidhen me rima t\u00eb alternuara. E ka p\u00ebrdorur Danteja n\u00eb Komedin\u00eb hyjnore.<\/p>\n

Kat\u00ebrvarg\u00ebshi ose katreni<\/strong> \u2013 Nj\u00eb nga llojet m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapura t\u00eb strof\u00ebs poetike q\u00eb ka kat\u00ebr vargje, t\u00eb lidhura me rim\u00eb t\u00eb alternuar, t\u00eb kryq\u00ebzuar ose t\u00eb p\u00ebrputhur.
\np.sh.:<\/p>\n

O Bajram, bajrak i gjall\u00eb
\nMore nam me gjak n\u00eb ball\u00eb
\nTe nj\u00eb shpell\u2019 e Dragobis
\nYll i rrall\u00eb i burr\u00ebris\u00eb.
\n(Noli<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

N\u00eb poezin\u00eb orientale, kat\u00ebrvarg\u00ebshi, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb poezi e plot\u00eb e m\u00eb vete, quhet rubai.<\/p>\n

Tet\u00ebvarg\u00ebshi<\/strong> \u2013 Oktava dhe strofa popullore<\/p>\n

N\u00ebnt\u00ebvarg\u00ebshi<\/strong> (nona<\/em>) \u2013 Strof\u00eb e p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb prej n\u00ebnt\u00eb vargjeve. N\u00eb let\u00ebrsin\u00eb angleze njihet si strofa spenseriane (emri i poetit Spenser). E ka p\u00ebrdorur Bajroni n\u00eb poemat Don Zhuani dhe Shtegtimet e \u00c7ajlld Haroldit.
\nStrofa spenseriane p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet prej vargjeve nj\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00ebrrok\u00ebshe.<\/p>\n

Aleksandrin<\/strong> (vargu<\/em>). Me k\u00ebt\u00eb lloj vargu \u00ebsht\u00eb shkruar poema franceze Romani i Aleksandrit, shek. XII. Vargu aleksandrin francez ka 12 rrokje dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb i p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb prej dy pjes\u00ebve gjasht\u00ebrrok\u00ebshe, t\u00eb ndara me cezur\u00eb.
\nN\u00eb poezin\u00eb shqipe vargu aleksandrin shnd\u00ebrrohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb varg 14-rrok\u00ebsh, t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb prej dy 7-rrok\u00ebshve, t\u00eb ndar\u00eb me cezur\u00eb. P.sh.<\/p>\n

O k\u00ebng\u00eb pleq\u00ebrishte! ti vjersh\u2019 e vendit tem!
\nTi fjal\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00eb dhimsesh e q\u00eb m\u00eb b\u00ebn ujem!
\n(L. Poradeci<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Anapesti<\/strong> \u2013 Fjal\u00eb trirrok\u00ebshe me theks n\u00eb rrokjen e fundit. P.sh.: drejt\u00ebs\u00ec, ditur\u00ec, flutur\u00f2j.
\nN\u00eb poezin\u00eb shqipe kemi vargje t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuara me k\u00ebmb\u00eb anapesti:<\/p>\n

Allalla, o rezik e katil, allalla!
\nShtroni udh\u00ebn me hithr\u2019 e me shtok turfanda
\n(Marrshi i Barabajt – Noli<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Aliteracioni<\/strong> \u2013 P\u00ebrs\u00ebritja e bashk\u00ebting\u00eblloreve apo e zanoreve t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta (n\u00eb vargje, rrall\u00eb her\u00eb edhe n\u00eb proz\u00eb), p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtuar forc\u00ebn shpreh\u00ebse t\u00eb ligj\u00ebrat\u00ebs artistike. P.sh.:<\/p>\n

Trim tribun i vegj\u00eblis\u00eb
\ndif dragoi i Dragobis\u00eb.
\n(Noli<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Amfibraku<\/strong> \u2013 (Nga t\u00eb dy an\u00ebt i shkurt\u00ebr) \u2013 fjal\u00eb me tri rrokje, prej t\u00eb cilave e mesit \u00ebsht\u00eb e theksuar. P.sh. lul\u00ecshte kull\u00f2t\u00eb
\nN\u00eb poezin\u00eb shqipe kemi vargje t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuara me k\u00ebmb\u00eb amfibrake:<\/p>\n

Ti det, brohori fsheht\u00ebsire!
\nKuptim i potersh\u00ebm ti det!
\n…Po heshtje ndaj val\u00ebs s\u00eb nxir\u00eb
\nGjeniu i heshtjes po flet.
\n(Gjeniu i anijes \u2013 Poradeci<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

RROKJA<\/strong> \u2013 Tingull ose kombinim tingujsh. Nj\u00ebsia e par\u00eb ritmike n\u00eb fjal\u00ebn poetike.
\nKombinimet e ndryshme t\u00eb rrokjeve krijojn\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00ebt n\u00eb metrik\u00ebn antike dhe n\u00eb sistemin silabotonik.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00ebrrok\u00ebshi<\/strong> \u2013 Varg i p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb prej nj\u00eb rrokjeje. P\u00ebrdoret shum\u00eb rrall\u00eb dhe shkon i p\u00ebrzier me vargje t\u00eb tjera. P.sh.: poezia D\u00ebshira e Naimit:<\/p>\n

\u201cZot!
\nSot
\njam,
\nkam,
\nshoh,
\nnjoh,
\nrroj,
\nshkoj…\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Kat\u00ebrrok\u00ebshi<\/strong> \u2013 Varg i p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb prej kat\u00ebr rrokjeve. \u00cbsht\u00eb shtes\u00eb e vargjeve t\u00eb tjera. P\u00ebrdoret m\u00eb fort\u00eb si refren. P.sh.:<\/p>\n

Shqip\u00ebrin\u2019 e mori turku
\ni vu zjarr,
\nShqip\u00ebtar mos rri, po duku
\nshqiptar!
\n(\u00c7ajupi<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

N\u00eb disa k\u00ebng\u00eb popullore e gjejm\u00eb edhe t\u00eb pavarur. \u00cbsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur edhe nga poet\u00ebt:<\/p>\n

Do t\u00eb shkrihem
\nT\u00eb venitem
\nSi kandili
\nKur s\u2019ka vaj
\n(Naimi<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Pes\u00ebrrok\u00ebshi<\/strong> \u2013 Nj\u00eb nga vargjet m\u00eb t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr pas vargut kat\u00ebrrok\u00ebsh. N\u00eb let\u00ebrsin\u00eb shqipe e kan\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur Mjeda, \u00c7ajupit, Fishta etj. P.sh.:<\/p>\n

Po shkrihet bora
\nDimni po shkon,
\nBylbyl i vorf\u00ebn,
\nPse po gjimon?
\n(Vaji i bylbylit \u2013 Mjeda)
\nose:
\nO i biri i Adamit o do me gzue
\nsa t\u2019jesh mbi shekull
\nti tue jetue?
\n(Nakdomonicipedia \u2013 Fishta<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Shtat\u00ebrrok\u00ebshi<\/strong> \u2013 Varg i krijuar prej shtat\u00eb rrokjeve. P.sh.<\/p>\n

V\u00ebllez\u00ebr shqip\u00ebtar\u00eb,
\nT\u00eb prekim urt\u00ebsin\u00eb,
\nT\u00eb zem udh\u00ebn e mbar\u00eb
\nT\u00eb ngjallim Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb
\n(Naimi<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Tet\u00ebrrok\u00ebshi<\/strong> \u2013 Varg i krijuar prej tet\u00eb rrokjeve. \u00cbsht\u00eb vargu m\u00eb i p\u00ebrdorur si n\u00eb folklor (poezin\u00eb popullore) ashtu edhe n\u00eb poezin\u00eb ton\u00eb t\u00eb shkruar. P.sh.:<\/p>\n

Jam i gjall e jam n\u00eb jet\u00eb
\nJam n\u00eb drit\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb
\n(Naimi<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

ose:<\/p>\n

Po edhe hana do ta dije
\nedhe dielli do t\u2019ket pa…
\nse rreth k\u00ebsaj rrokullie
\nvend si Shqypnia nuk ka
\n(Fishta)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

N\u00ebnt\u00ebrrok\u00ebshi<\/strong> \u2013 Varg tek me n\u00ebnt\u00eb rrokje, pak i p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb poezin\u00eb shqipe. \u00cbsht\u00eb vargu m\u00eb i p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb let\u00ebrsin\u00eb ruse. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb varg Pushkini e ka thurur vepr\u00ebn e tij Eugjen Oniegini.<\/p>\n

Dhjet\u00ebrrok\u00ebshi<\/strong> \u2013 Varg i formuar prej dhjet\u00eb rrokjeve. N\u00eb poezin\u00eb ton\u00eb popullore haset n\u00eb rapsodit\u00eb e ciklit t\u00eb kreshnik\u00ebve t\u00eb Mujit e Halilit. P.sh.<\/p>\n

Trim mbi trima ai Gjergj Elez Alia
\n(popullore<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Formohet edhe nga bashkimi i dy vargjeve pes\u00ebrrok\u00ebshe, t\u00eb ndara me cezur\u00eb. P.sh.<\/p>\n

Fush\u00eb dhe fush\u00eb \/ dhe fush\u00eb prap\u00eb
\nFush\u2019 e pasosur \/ dhe shum\u00eb vap\u00eb
\n(\u00c7ajupi<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Nj\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00ebrrok\u00ebshi<\/strong> \u2013 Varg i formuar prej nj\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb rrokjeve. P.sh.:<\/p>\n

Dhe dielli gjahtar me rreze kapi
\n(Noli<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Dante e shkroi me k\u00ebt\u00eb varg Komedin\u00eb hyjnore, Shekspiri \u2013 tragjedit\u00eb e tij; Pushkini e p\u00ebrdori te Boris Gudunovi; Bajroni e p\u00ebrdori te poemat e tij kryesore.
\nN\u00eb let\u00ebrsin\u00eb shqipe e kan\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur: Fishta, Mjeda, Noli, Migjeni, Arshi Pipa etj. K\u00ebt\u00eb varg e kan\u00eb l\u00ebvruar edhe poet\u00ebt tan\u00eb t\u00eb rinj.<\/p>\n

Dymb\u00ebdhjet\u00ebrrok\u00ebshi<\/strong> \u2013 Varg i formuar prej dymb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb rrokjeve. Bashkohen dy vargje gjasht\u00ebrrok\u00ebshe t\u00eb ndara me nj\u00eb cezur\u00eb. P.sh.:<\/p>\n

N\u00eb mes t\u00eb Kolonj\u00ebs \/ n\u00eb nj\u00eb psar t\u00eb shkret\u00eb,
\nFshehur Myftar Lapi \/ me tet\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb.
\n(popullore<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

ose n\u00eb poezin\u00eb e shkruar:<\/p>\n

Q\u00eb dit\u00ebn q\u00eb vdiqe, q\u00eb kur s\u2019t\u00eb kam par\u00eb
\n(\u00c7ajupi<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Kat\u00ebrmb\u00ebdhjet\u00ebrrok\u00ebshi<\/strong> \u2013 Varg i p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb nga bashkimi i dy vargjeve 7-rrok\u00ebsh. P.sh. O k\u00ebng\u00eb pleq\u00ebrishte! ti vjersh\u2019 e vendit tem! (Poradeci)<\/p>\n

Gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00ebrrok\u00ebshi<\/strong> ose vargu naimian- e ka p\u00ebrdorur Naimi n\u00eb poem\u00ebn lirike baritore (pastorale) Bag\u00ebtia e bujq\u00ebsia. Ky varg p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga dy tet\u00ebrrok\u00ebsh t\u00eb ndar\u00eb me cezur\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Refreni<\/strong> (p\u00ebrs\u00ebritje<\/em>) \u2013 Varg ose vargje q\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebriten sidomos n\u00eb poezin\u00eb popullore pas \u00e7do strofe. Ndryshe quhet edhe kthes\u00eb. P.sh.:<\/p>\n

\u201cMe ngadal\u00eb vallen\u00eb,
\nmoj syzez\u00eb!
\nSe na ngrihet pluhuri,
\nmoj syzez\u00eb!\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Refreni e gjejm\u00eb edhe te Hymni i flamurit komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb Fisht\u00ebs, ku pas \u00e7do strofe p\u00ebrs\u00ebritet kjo strof\u00eb:<\/p>\n

Bini tosk\u00eb, ju bini geg\u00eb!
\nSi dy rrfe q\u00eb shkojn tue djeg\u00eb!
\nA ngadh\u00ebnjyes\u00eb a t\u2019gjith d\u00ebshmor\u00eb?
\nTrima, mbrend\u00eb! Me dor\u00eb! Me dor\u00eb!
\n(Fishta<\/strong>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Farsa<\/strong> \u2013 Lloj i komedis\u00eb s\u00eb vjet\u00ebr zbavit\u00ebse me p\u00ebrmbajtje nga jeta. U p\u00eblqenin tregtar\u00ebve dhe zejtar\u00ebve t\u00eb Franc\u00ebs mesjetare.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Xhelal Zejneli Figura, pasqyrimi figurativ i jet\u00ebs, \u00ebsht\u00eb ve\u00e7oria kryesore e artit, pra edhe e let\u00ebrsis\u00eb artistike si form\u00eb e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb e pasqyrimit t\u00eb jet\u00ebs. Figur\u00eb \u2013 t\u00eb folurit e figursh\u00ebm, quhet \u00e7do shprehje q\u00eb i jep gjuh\u00ebs bukuri, kolorit, forc\u00eb shpreh\u00ebse, konkret\u00ebsi (tropet). P\u00ebr gjuh\u00ebn poetike thon\u00eb se \u00ebsht\u00eb gjuh\u00eb figurative. Figura stilistike \u2013 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":60252,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39292","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-letersi","category-poezi"],"yoast_head":"\nSTILISTIKA DHE METRIKA (FIGURAT STILISTIKE, RIMA, STROFA, VARGU) - FJALA e LIR\u00cb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/stilistika-dhe-metrika-figurat-stilistike-rima-strofa-vargu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"STILISTIKA DHE METRIKA (FIGURAT STILISTIKE, RIMA, STROFA, VARGU) - FJALA e LIR\u00cb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Xhelal Zejneli Figura, pasqyrimi figurativ i jet\u00ebs, \u00ebsht\u00eb ve\u00e7oria kryesore e artit, pra edhe e let\u00ebrsis\u00eb artistike si form\u00eb e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb e pasqyrimit t\u00eb jet\u00ebs. Figur\u00eb \u2013 t\u00eb folurit e figursh\u00ebm, quhet \u00e7do shprehje q\u00eb i jep gjuh\u00ebs bukuri, kolorit, forc\u00eb shpreh\u00ebse, konkret\u00ebsi (tropet). P\u00ebr gjuh\u00ebn poetike thon\u00eb se \u00ebsht\u00eb gjuh\u00eb figurative. 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