{"id":46892,"date":"2019-11-13T11:22:51","date_gmt":"2019-11-13T10:22:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fjala.info\/?p=46892"},"modified":"2021-04-23T07:56:00","modified_gmt":"2021-04-23T06:56:00","slug":"renia-e-murit-te-berlinit-dhe-konstelacioni-i-ri-global","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/renia-e-murit-te-berlinit-dhe-konstelacioni-i-ri-global\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u00cbNIA E MURIT T\u00cb BERLINIT DHE KONSTELACIONI I RI GLOBAL"},"content":{"rendered":"

Xhelal Zejneli<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pas mbarimit t\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore, d.m.th. m\u00eb 1945, Gjermania u nda n\u00eb kat\u00ebr zona t\u00eb cilat zot\u00ebroheshin prej forcave t\u00eb armatosura t\u00eb shteteve – aleate t\u00eb luft\u00ebs s\u00eb sapo p\u00ebrfunduar: ShBA-s\u00eb, Britanis\u00eb s\u00eb Madhe, Franc\u00ebs dhe Bashkimit Sovjetik. N\u00eb vitin 1949, zonat q\u00eb zot\u00ebroheshin nga ShBA-ja, Britania e Madhe dhe Franca u bashkuan dhe prej tyre u themelua Republika Federale Gjermane apo\u00a0Gjermania Per\u00ebndimore<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrkaq, zona e kontrolluar prej Bashkimit Sovjetik u shnd\u00ebrrua n\u00eb shtet t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb \u2013 Republika Demokratike Gjermane ose\u00a0Gjermania Lindore<\/em>. Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera,\u00a0prej nj\u00eb shteti gjerman u krijuan dy sish<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Pas mbarimit t\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht pas vitit 1947, marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet nd\u00ebrmjet vendeve t\u00eb Per\u00ebndimit dhe BRSS-s\u00eb filluan\u00a0t\u00eb tensionohen<\/em>. Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, midis tyre filloi ajo q\u00eb n\u00eb historin\u00eb politike njihet si\u00a0luft\u00eb e ftoft\u00eb<\/em>.\u00a0T\u00eb dyja pal\u00ebt synonin t\u00eb zbatonin politik\u00ebn e forcimit t\u00eb pozicioneve vetanake dhe t\u00eb dob\u00ebsonin pozicionet e pal\u00ebs kund\u00ebrshtare,\u00a0duke\u00a0p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim t\u00eb gjitha masat e mundshme, p\u00ebrpos luft\u00ebs.<\/em><\/p>\n

M\u00eb 4 prill 1949, ministrat e Pun\u00ebve t\u00eb Jashtme t\u00eb ShBA-s\u00eb, Britanis\u00eb s\u00eb Madhe, Belgjik\u00ebs, Danimark\u00ebs, Franc\u00ebs, Island\u00ebs, Italis\u00eb, Kanadas\u00eb, Luksemburgut, Holand\u00ebs, Norvegjis\u00eb dhe Portugalis\u00eb n\u00ebnshkruan n\u00eb Uashington nj\u00eb\u00a0pakt t\u00eb siguris\u00eb kolektive<\/em>\u00a0q\u00eb u quajt\u00a0Organizat\u00eb e Paktit Veri-Atlantik (NATO).<\/em>\u00a0N\u00eb vitin 1952 k\u00ebtij pakti i aderuan Greqia dhe Turqia, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb tetor t\u00eb vitit 1945 edhe Gjermania Per\u00ebndimore. Pakti hyri n\u00eb fuqi m\u00eb 25 gusht 1949. M\u00eb von\u00eb pakti u zgjerua n\u00eb 15 shtete\u00a0(sot i ka 29 shtete).<\/em><\/p>\n

M\u00eb 14 maj 1955, nj\u00eb pakt i ngjash\u00ebm u themelua edhe n\u00eb lindje t\u00eb kontinentit. nd\u00ebrmjet BRSS-s\u00eb, Polonis\u00eb, \u00c7ekosllovakis\u00eb, Rumanis\u00eb, Hungaris\u00eb, Bullgaris\u00eb, Gjermanis\u00eb Lindore dhe Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. U quajt\u00a0Pakti i Varshav\u00ebs\u00a0<\/em>ose\u00a0Traktati p\u00ebr miq\u00ebsi, bashk\u00ebpunim dhe ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrsjell\u00eb.<\/em><\/p>\n

*\u00a0\u00a0 *\u00a0\u00a0 *<\/p>\n

M\u00eb 13 gusht 1961 filloi nd\u00ebrtimi i\u00a0murit t\u00eb Berlinit<\/em>. Thon\u00eb se nd\u00ebrtimi ka zgjatur nj\u00eb dit\u00eb. Ka t\u00eb dh\u00ebna q\u00eb thon\u00eb se nd\u00ebrtimi i tij ka zgjatur dy dit\u00eb. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, ky mur \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar n\u00eb faza dhe ka zgjatur me vite. Brenda nj\u00eb periudhe 25-vje\u00e7are, rrethoja me tela gjembash u z\u00ebvend\u00ebsua me\u00a0mur betoni, me fusha t\u00eb minuara\u00a0<\/em>dhe\u00a0me kulla vrojtimi<\/em>. Pas vitesh nd\u00ebrtimi n\u00eb faza,\u00a0muri i Berlinit<\/em>\u00a0ka arritur nj\u00eb gjat\u00ebsi prej 155 km. N\u00eb t\u00eb ka pasur 302 kulla vrojtimi.<\/p>\n

Muri ka qen\u00eb simbol i\u00a0luft\u00ebs s\u00eb ftoft\u00eb<\/em>\u00a0nd\u00ebrmjet Lindjes dhe Per\u00ebndimit, ShBA-s\u00eb dhe BRSS-s\u00eb, NATO-s dhe Paktit t\u00eb Varshav\u00ebs.\u00a0Muri i Berlinit<\/em>\u00a0ka qen\u00eb pjes\u00eb e\u00a0perdes s\u00eb hekurt<\/em>\u00a0midis lindjes s\u00eb kontinentit dhe per\u00ebndimit t\u00eb tij.<\/p>\n

Iden\u00eb e nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb\u00a0murit<\/em>\u00a0e dha Qeveria e Gjermanis\u00eb Lindore e\u00a0Valter Ulbrihtit<\/em>\u00a0(1893-1973).<\/em>\u00a0Vendimi p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e murit u miratua edhe nga udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsi sovjetik\u00a0Nikita Hrush\u00e7ov<\/em>\u00a0(1894-1971)<\/em>. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, muri ishte barrier\u00eb e dyt\u00eb midis Berlinit per\u00ebndimor dhe Gjermanis\u00eb Lindore. Me t\u00eb u mbyll plot\u00ebsisht kufiri nd\u00ebrmjet Berlinit lindor dhe per\u00ebndimor. Kufiri nd\u00ebrmjet dy shteteve gjermane mbeti i mbyllur 28 vjet.<\/p>\n

*\u00a0\u00a0 *\u00a0\u00a0 *<\/p>\n

M\u00eb 26. VI. 1963, d.m.th. 22 muaj pas ngritjes s\u00eb\u00a0murit t\u00eb Berlinit<\/em>, qytetin e vizitoi presidenti i ShBA-s\u00eb\u00a0Xhon Kenedi\u00a0(1917-1963)<\/em>, me \u00e7\u2018rast foli para nj\u00eb mase prej 450 mij\u00eb njer\u00ebzve. T\u00eb tubuarve, Kenedi u tha se ShBA-ja e mb\u00ebshtet Gjermanin\u00eb Per\u00ebndimore, e n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti Berlinin per\u00ebndimor, duke shtuar:\u00a0\u201c Para 2000 vjet\u00ebsh ka qen\u00eb krenari t\u00eb thuhej\u00a0Civis romanus sum\u00a0\u2013 Un\u00eb jam qytetar i Rom\u00ebs. Sot, n\u00eb bot\u00ebn e lir\u00eb, thirrja q\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebn krenar \u00ebsht\u00eb\u00a0Ich bin ein Berliner<\/em>.\u00a0Ndaj po ju them se edhe un\u00eb jam nj\u00eb berlinas\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n

M\u00eb 12. VI. 1987 Gjermanin\u00eb Per\u00ebndimore e vizitoi edhe presidenti amerikan\u00a0Ronald Regan\u00a0(1911-2004)<\/em>. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb rast ai nuk la pa e par\u00eb edhe\u00a0Der\u00ebn e Brandenburgut<\/em>\u00a0ku q\u00ebndroi 26 minuta. Para qytetar\u00ebve t\u00eb tubuar, midis tjerash thot\u00eb:\u00a0\u201cSekretar i P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm Gorba\u00e7ov, po qe se punoni p\u00ebr paqe, p\u00ebr prosperitet t\u00eb Bashkimit Sovjetik dhe t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs Lindore, po qe se jeni p\u00ebr paqe, prosperitet dhe liberalizim, ejani te kjo der\u00eb! Zoti Gorba\u00e7ov, hapeni k\u00ebt\u00eb der\u00eb! Zoti Gorba\u00e7ov rr\u00ebzojeni k\u00ebt\u00eb mur!\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

*\u00a0\u00a0 *\u00a0\u00a0 *<\/p>\n

Muri i Berlinit \u00ebsht\u00eb shembur pas 9 n\u00ebntorit 1989, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn e viteve 1989-1990. Shembja e tij sh\u00ebnon fillimin e mbarimit t\u00eb\u00a0luft\u00ebs s\u00eb ftoft\u00eb, gj\u00eb q\u00eb \u00e7oi\u00a0<\/em>drejt\u00a0ribashkimit t\u00eb Gjermanis\u00eb<\/em>. M\u00eb 3 tetor 1990 Gjermania Lindore u b\u00eb pjes\u00eb e Republik\u00ebs Federale Gjermane. Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, t\u00eb dy shtetet gjermane u ribashkuan. Kryeqytet i shtetit t\u00eb ribashkuar p\u00ebrs\u00ebri u b\u00eb Berlini.<\/p>\n

*\u00a0\u00a0 *\u00a0\u00a0 *<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitin 1983, presidenti Regan paralajm\u00ebroi\u00a0Nism\u00ebn e Mbrojtjes Strategjike\u00a0<\/em>q\u00eb u quajt\u00a0luft\u00eb e yjeve<\/em>\u00a0(Star Wars).<\/em>\u00a0Ajo kishte t\u00eb b\u00ebnte me nd\u00ebrtimin e satelit\u00ebve t\u00eb luft\u00ebs q\u00eb do t\u00eb qarkullonin n\u00eb orbit\u00ebn e Tok\u00ebs me q\u00ebllim asgj\u00ebsimi t\u00eb raketave balistike sovjetike para se ato t\u00eb q\u00ebllonin sh\u00ebnjestrat e p\u00ebrcaktuara.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb fush\u00ebn e armatimit, Bashkimi Sovjetik nuk mund t\u00eb mbante hapin me ShBA-n\u00eb. Pakti Varshav\u00ebs u shp\u00ebrb\u00eb.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb 26.12.1991, me\u00a0Deklarat\u00ebn 142-H<\/em>\u00a0t\u00eb\u00a0Presidiumit t\u00eb Sovjetit Suprem Komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb BRSS-s\u00eb<\/em>,\u00a0perandoria e kuqe<\/em>\u00a0shp\u00ebrb\u00ebhet edhe formalisht. Me deklarat\u00ebn e sip\u00ebrth\u00ebn\u00eb u njoh pavar\u00ebsia e 12 republikave t\u00eb Bashkimit Sovjetik. Nj\u00eb dit\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb, presidenti\u00a0Mihail Gorba\u00e7ov<\/em>\u00a0dha dor\u00ebheqje, nd\u00ebrsa kodet e l\u00ebshimit t\u00eb raketave b\u00ebrthamore ia dor\u00ebzoi presidentit rus\u00a0Boris Jelcin\u00a0(1931-2007).<\/em><\/p>\n

Bashkimi i Republikave Socialiste Sovjetike\u00a0(BRSS)<\/em>, i themeluar pas\u00a0Revolucionit t\u00eb Madh Socialist t\u00eb Tetorit<\/em>\u00a0(1917)<\/em>\u00a0t\u00eb udh\u00ebhequr nga\u00a0Lenini\u00a0(Vladimir Ili\u00e7 Ulanov, 1870-1924)<\/em>\u00a0ka qen\u00eb n\u00eb realitet perandori e kuqe komuniste e dominuar kryek\u00ebput nga rus\u00ebt. Ideologjia komuniste, socialiste, marksiste-leniniste dhe internacionaliste s\u2019ka qen\u00eb asgj\u00eb m\u00eb pak se\u00a0pansllaviz\u00ebm<\/em>.\u00a0Diktatori\u00a0Stalin<\/em>\u00a0(Josip Visarionovi\u00e7 Xhugashvili, 1879-1953)<\/em>\u00a0i cili nuk ishte rus por\u00a0gjeorgjian<\/em>, bashk\u00eb me stalinist\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb t\u00eb tipit t\u00eb\u00a0Brezhnjevit\u00a0(Leonid Ili\u00e7,<\/em>\u00a01906-1982)\u00a0<\/em>i kolonizuan, jo vet\u00ebm popujt e Bashkimit Sovjetik, por edhe t\u00eb gjitha shtetet e Evrop\u00ebs Lindore. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, Polonia, \u00c7ekosllovakia, Gjermania Lindore, Hungaria, Bullgaria dhe Rumania, prej vitit 1945 deri n\u00eb vitin 1991 kan\u00eb qen\u00eb n\u00ebn pushtimin e eg\u00ebr rus. Shqip\u00ebria u shk\u00ebput nga kthetrat e\u00a0ariut t\u00eb veriut<\/em>\u00a0n\u00eb vitn 1961, nd\u00ebrsa m\u00eb 1968 nga Pakti i Varshav\u00ebs doli edhe formalisht.<\/p>\n

Ra muri i Berlinit dhe nuk vonoi shum\u00eb ra edhe\u00a0imperializmi rus<\/em>, ran\u00eb\u00a0totalitarizmi, diktatura, tirania, autokracia, despotizmi\u00a0<\/em>dhe\u00a0pansllavizmi bolshevik<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Pas k\u00ebtij ndryshimi historik\u00a0popujt<\/em>\u00a0mor\u00ebn frym\u00eb lir\u00eb. Mbi t\u00eb gjitha \u2013\u00a0individi<\/em>.<\/p>\n

*\u00a0\u00a0 *\u00a0\u00a0 *<\/p>\n

Pas r\u00ebnies s\u00eb\u00a0murit t\u00eb Berlinit<\/em>, ribashkimit t\u00eb Gjermanis\u00eb, prishjes s\u00eb Paktit t\u00eb Varshav\u00ebs dhe shthurjes s\u00eb BRSS-s\u00eb, i erdhi radha edhe Jugosllavis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Jugosllavia e pas Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Par\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore quhej edhe\u00a0Jugosllavi e Versaj\u00ebs<\/em>. Ajo ishte\u00a0krijim artificial<\/em>\u00a0i Konferenc\u00ebs s\u00eb Paqes n\u00eb Paris\u00a0(1919),<\/em>\u00a0e mb\u00ebshtetur kryesisht nga Franca. Jugosllavin\u00eb e Pashiqit\u00a0(Nikola\u00a0Pashiq<\/em>,\u00a01845-1926)\u00a0<\/em>dhe t\u00eb karagjorgjeviq\u00ebve e quanin edhe\u00a0burg t\u00eb popujve<\/em>, si\u00e7 e quanin edhe Monarkin\u00eb Austro-Hungareze. Me sulmin gjerman mbi Jugosllavin\u00eb, ajo u shemb si nj\u00eb kull\u00eb prej letre.<\/p>\n

Jugosllavia e pas Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore u quajt ndryshe edhe\u00a0Jugosllavi e AVNOJ-it<\/em>\u00a0(KA\u00c7KJ)<\/em>. E quanin edhe\u00a0Jugosllavi e Titos.<\/em>\u00a0Ajo nisi t\u00eb marr\u00eb tat\u00ebpjet\u00ebn n\u00eb vitin 1981, pas protestave t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb dhe n\u00eb viset e tjera shqiptare t\u00eb pushtuara.<\/p>\n

Edhe\u00a0Memorandumi\u00a0<\/em>i akademik\u00ebve serb\u00eb\u00a0(1986)<\/em>\u00a0\u00ebsht\u00eb quajtur\u00a0nekrolog<\/em>\u00a0i Jugosllavis\u00eb s\u00eb Titos.<\/p>\n

Prej 20 deri m\u00eb 22 janar 1990 n\u00eb Qendr\u00ebn Sava t\u00eb Beogradit u mbajt Kongresi XIV i jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm i LKJ-s\u00eb\u00a0(Lidhjes s\u00eb Komunist\u00ebve t\u00eb Jugosllavis\u00eb)<\/em>. Gjat\u00eb zhvillimit t\u00eb punimeve t\u00eb tij u ballafaquan konceptet e delegat\u00ebve t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Komunist\u00ebve t\u00eb Sllovenis\u00eb si dhe atyre t\u00eb Lidhjes s\u00eb Komunist\u00ebve t\u00eb Serbis\u00eb. P\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit slloven\u00eb k\u00ebrkuan\u00a0konfederalizimin\u00a0<\/em>e Partis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb shtetit, nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit serb\u00eb ngul\u00ebn k\u00ebmb\u00eb p\u00ebr\u00a0centralizimin<\/em>\u00a0e Jugosllavis\u00eb. Asnj\u00eb propozim i delegat\u00ebve slloven\u00eb nuk u pranua nga delegat\u00ebt serb\u00eb. Propozimet serbe nd\u00ebrkaq, u miratuan me\u00a0\u201cshumic\u00eb\u201d<\/em>\u00a0votash. Boshti\u00a0Shkup-Beograd-Titograd (Podgoric\u00eb)<\/em>\u00a0ekzistonte natyrsh\u00ebm. N\u00ebn trysnin\u00eb e Beogradit, an\u00ebn e Millosheviqit e mbanin r\u00ebndom edhe delegat\u00ebt e Bosnj\u00ebs dhe Hercegovin\u00ebs si dhe t\u00eb Vojvodin\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb nj\u00eb rast, votimi nuk rezultoi sipas skenarit serb, p\u00ebr arsye se, krahas delegat\u00ebve t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, edhe ata t\u00eb BH-s\u00eb u rreshtuan n\u00eb nj\u00eb vij\u00eb me ata t\u00eb Sllovenis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb Kroacis\u00eb. Nj\u00ebri prej komunist\u00ebve maqedonas \u2013\u00a0Dr<\/em>.\u00a0Vasil Tupurkovski<\/em>\u00a0(1951-)\u00a0<\/em>u ngjit n\u00eb podium dhe i rezignuar konstatoi:\u00a0Fitoi koalicioni joparimor\u00a0(Pobedila je neprincipijelna koalicija)<\/em>. Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, rreshtimi i delegat\u00ebve t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs p\u00ebrbri atyre t\u00eb Sllovenis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb Kroacis\u00eb, p\u00ebr Tupurkovskin paraqiste\u00a0koalicion joparimor<\/em>!!<\/p>\n

N\u00eb nat\u00ebn e 22 janarit, pas dy dit\u00eb pune dhe konfliktesh verbale t\u00eb ashpra, delegat\u00ebt slloven\u00eb e l\u00ebshuan sall\u00ebn e kongresit.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebrkes\u00ebs s\u00eb komunistit serb Millosheviqit q\u00eb Kongresi t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb pun\u00ebn edhe pa delegat\u00ebt slloven\u00eb, iu kund\u00ebrvun\u00eb ashp\u00ebr delegat\u00ebt kroat\u00eb, duke th\u00ebn\u00eb se po qe se ndodh nj\u00eb gj\u00eb e till\u00eb, edhe ata do ta l\u00ebn\u00eb sall\u00ebn.<\/p>\n

Me k\u00ebt\u00eb, pas 45 vjet udh\u00ebheqjeje, Lidhja e Komunist\u00ebve t\u00eb Jugosllavis\u00eb u zhb\u00eb si fllusk\u00eb sapuni. Epilogu i k\u00ebtill\u00eb i Kongresit ishte vendimtar p\u00ebr shthurjen e Jugosllavis\u00eb s\u00eb AVNOJ-it.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb 25.VI.1991 Lubjana shpalli\u00a0Deklarat\u00ebn e pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb<\/em>. Pasoi lufta 10-dit\u00ebshe e APJ-s\u00eb\u00a0(Armat\u00ebs Popullore t\u00eb Jugosllavis\u00eb)<\/em>\u00a0kund\u00ebr nj\u00ebsive territoriale sllovene. M\u00eb pas, Beogradi tha:\u00a0\u201cMeq\u00eb n\u00eb\u00a0 Slloveni nuk ka serb\u00eb, ajo edhe mund t\u00eb shk\u00ebputet nga Jugosllavia\u201d.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Menj\u00ebher\u00eb pas Sllovenis\u00eb, n\u00eb qershor 1991, pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e shpalli edhe Kroacia, gj\u00eb q\u00eb hyri n\u00eb fuqi m\u00eb 8.X.1991. Me arsyetimin se n\u00eb Kroaci jetojn\u00eb 580.000 serb\u00eb, APJ-ja, e komanduar kryesisht prej gjeneral\u00ebve serb\u00eb, si dhe nj\u00ebsit\u00eb paramilitare serbe, u vun\u00eb n\u00eb veprim p\u00ebr ta parandaluar shk\u00ebputjen e saj. Nga fundi i vitit 1991, pas nj\u00eb lufte t\u00eb ashp\u00ebr nd\u00ebrmjet Kroacis\u00eb dhe forcave serbe,\u00a0de facto<\/em>\u00a0Serbis\u00eb, nj\u00eb e treta e territorit kroat mbeti jasht\u00eb kontrollit t\u00eb Zagrebit. M\u00eb 15.I.1992, me angazhimin e Gjermanis\u00eb, vendet an\u00ebtare t\u00eb BE-s\u00eb e njoh\u00ebn Kroacin\u00eb si shtet t\u00eb pavarur.<\/p>\n

*\u00a0 *\u00a0\u00a0 *<\/p>\n

Rrug\u00ebn e shk\u00ebputjes nga amalgama e sllav\u00ebve t\u00eb jugut e mori edhe Kosova. M\u00eb 2 korrik 1990 deputet\u00ebt e Kuvendit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs shpall\u00ebn\u00a0\u201cRepublik\u00ebn e Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb Federat\u00ebs Jugosllave\u201d<\/em>. M\u00eb 7 shtator 1990 deputet\u00ebt e Kuvendit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs u mblodh\u00ebn n\u00ebn Ka\u00e7anik dhe miratuan Kushtetut\u00ebn e Kosov\u00ebs, e cila e sanksiononte\u00a0\u201cRepublik\u00ebn e Kosov\u00ebs si nj\u00eb shtet demokratik t\u00eb popullit shqiptar dhe t\u00eb pakicave komb\u00ebtare\u201d<\/em>.\u00a0Nd\u00ebrkaq, prej 26 deri m\u00eb 30 shtator 1991 u mbajt\u00a0referendumi\u00a0<\/em>mbi pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e Kosov\u00ebs. Rezoluta mbi pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb dhe sovranitetin e Kosov\u00ebs u miratua nj\u00ebz\u00ebri nga votuesit.<\/p>\n

Nga fundi i vitit 1994 i filloi veprimet\u00a0Ushtria \u00c7lirimtare e Kosov\u00ebs<\/em>. Nga marsi i vitit 1998, veprimet e armatosura t\u00eb U\u00c7K-s\u00eb mor\u00ebn pamjen e nj\u00eb lufte t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb \u00e7lirimtare.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb 6 shkurt 1999, me nism\u00ebn e Grupit t\u00eb Kontaktit p\u00ebr Jugosllavin\u00eb, n\u00eb k\u00ebshtjell\u00ebn\u00a0Rambuje\u00a0<\/em>af\u00ebr Parisit filluan\u00a0bisedimet shqiptaro-serbe<\/em>\u00a0p\u00ebr zgjidhjen e kriz\u00ebs. Nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsues ishin p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e ShBA-s\u00eb, t\u00eb BE-s\u00eb dhe t\u00eb Rusis\u00eb \u2013\u00a0Kristofer Hill<\/em>,\u00a0Volfgang Petri\u00e7<\/em>\u00a0dhe\u00a0Boris Majorski<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Projekti i marr\u00ebveshjes q\u00eb duhej t\u00eb arrinin pal\u00ebt n\u00eb bisedime, i hartuar nga ShBA-ja, p\u00ebrmbante:
\n– Kosova do t\u00eb mbetej pjes\u00eb e Jugosllavis\u00eb Federale, por do t\u00eb g\u00ebzonte nj\u00eb\u00a0\u201cautonomi substanciale;
\n<\/em>– <\/em>N\u00eb Kosov\u00eb do t\u00eb organizoheshin zgjedhje demokratike, nd\u00ebrsa \u00e7\u00ebshtja e pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb do t\u00eb diskutohej pas tre vjet\u00ebsh;
\n– P\u00ebr t\u00eb garantuar zbatimin e marr\u00ebveshjes, n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb do t\u00eb vendoseshin forcat e NATO-s.<\/p>\n

Udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit serb\u00eb nuk e pranuan marr\u00ebveshjen. N\u00eb fund t\u00eb shkurtit, d.m.th. pas 17 dit\u00ebve, bisedimet dypal\u00ebshe, me\u00a0tertium interveniens<\/em>\u00a0– u nd\u00ebrpren\u00eb. D\u00ebshtimi i tyre tregoi se \u00e7\u00ebshtja e Kosov\u00ebs nuk mund t\u00eb zgjidhet n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn paq\u00ebsore. Sapo rifilluan bisedimet, n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb shp\u00ebrthyen luftimet. M\u00eb 19 mars 1999, delegacioni shqiptar e n\u00ebnshkroi marr\u00ebveshjen, kurse serb\u00ebt e hodh\u00ebn posht\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb mars t\u00eb vitit 1999, diplomati amerikan\u00a0Ri\u00e7ard Hollbruk\u00a0(1941-2010)\u00a0<\/em>u takua p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb fundit me Millosheviqin\u00a0(1941-2006)\u00a0<\/em>n\u00eb Beograd dhe ia ofroi k\u00ebtij rastin e fundit q\u00eb ta pranoj\u00eb\u00a0Marr\u00ebveshjen e Rambujes\u00eb<\/em>, sipas s\u00eb cil\u00ebs:<\/p>\n

– Kosova do ta rifitonte autonomin\u00eb e humbur;
\n– U\u00c7K-ja do t\u00eb \u00e7armatosej; nd\u00ebrsa
\n– n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb do t\u00eb vendoseshin forcat paqeruajt\u00ebse t\u00eb NATO-s.<\/p>\n

Zjarrv\u00ebn\u00ebsi i Ballkanit e refuzoi diplomatin amerikan.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb 22 mars 1999 forcat serbe nis\u00ebn ofensiv\u00ebn e madhe t\u00eb spastrimit etnik dhe brenda nj\u00eb kohe t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr d\u00ebbuan nga Kosova rreth nj\u00eb milion\u00eb shqiptar\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt u vendos\u00ebn kryesisht n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri dhe n\u00eb Maqedoni.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb 23 mars 1999 NATO-ja filloi fushat\u00ebn e bombardimeve n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb dhe n\u00eb Serbi, q\u00eb zgjat\u00ebn 78 dit\u00eb, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht deri n\u00eb 11 qershor 1999. M\u00eb 10 qershor 1999 forcat pushtuese ushtarake serbe nis\u00ebn t\u00ebrheqjen nga Kosova. Po at\u00eb dit\u00eb, K\u00ebshilli i Sigurimit i OKB-s\u00eb miratoi rezolut\u00ebn e cila parashikonte vendosjen e forcave nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb. M\u00eb 12 qershor 1999 u vendos\u00ebn n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb Forcat Ushtarake t\u00eb NATO-s\u00a0(KFOR)<\/em>. Q\u00eb nga ky moment, Kosova u vu n\u00ebn administrimin e OKB-s\u00eb.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb 10 qershor 2007 e vizitoi Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb presidenti amerikan\u00a0Xhorxh Bush<\/em>\u00a0(1946- )\u00a0<\/em>dhe q\u00eb andej paralajm\u00ebroi shpalljen e pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs. M\u00eb 17 shkurt 2008 Kuvendi i Kosov\u00ebs e shpalli pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb.<\/p>\n

*\u00a0\u00a0 *\u00a0\u00a0 *<\/p>\n

N\u00eb koh\u00ebn e luft\u00ebs s\u00eb ftoft\u00eb<\/em>\u00a0Bashkimi Sovjetik, krahas ShBA-s\u00eb, iu imponua bot\u00ebs si superfuqi. R\u00ebnia e\u00a0murit t\u00eb Berlinit,<\/em>\u00a0ribashkimi i Gjermanis\u00eb, shp\u00ebrb\u00ebrja e Paktit t\u00eb Varshav\u00ebs dhe zhb\u00ebrja e Bashkimit Sovjetik determinuan ndryshimin e\u00a0raportit t\u00eb forcave<\/em>, si n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb, ashtu edhe n\u00eb planin global. N\u00eb rrafshin politik, ekonomik dhe ushtarak krijohet nj\u00eb\u00a0konstelacion i ri<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Nga shp\u00ebrb\u00ebrja e BRSS-s\u00eb doli nj\u00eb Rusi e dob\u00ebt dhe e pakonsoliduar. N\u00eb planin global superfuqi mbeti vet\u00ebm ShBA-ja. Gjermania e ribashkuar b\u00ebhet\u00a0fuqia e kat\u00ebrt ekonomike<\/em>\u00a0n\u00eb bot\u00eb, duke marr\u00eb n\u00eb BE edhe rolin udh\u00ebheq\u00ebs. Sot, Rusia e\u00a0Vladimir Putinit<\/em>\u00a0(1952-)<\/em>\u00a0synon t\u00eb forcohet. Megjith\u00ebk\u00ebt\u00eb, n\u00eb planin global ajo ka rol dhe ndikim politik, ekonomik dhe ushtarak t\u00eb reduktuar.<\/p>\n

Shqiptar\u00ebt n\u00eb Ballkan, duke mos qen\u00eb popull sllav, jan\u00eb aleat\u00eb t\u00eb natyrsh\u00ebm t\u00eb ShBA-s\u00eb dhe t\u00eb gjerman\u00ebve. Fundi i shekullit XX dhe fillimi i shekullit XXI paraqet forcimin e faktorit pro-shqiptar.<\/em><\/p>\n

Shp\u00ebrb\u00ebrja e BRSS-s\u00eb nd\u00ebrkaq dhe dalja prej saj e nj\u00eb Rusie t\u00eb pakonsoliduar, paraqiste dob\u00ebsimin e faktorit pro-serb.<\/p>\n

Gjermania e ribashkuar dhe e fuqishme si dhe ShBA-ja si fuqi e vetme n\u00eb planin global, shkojn\u00eb n\u00eb favor t\u00eb kauz\u00ebs shqiptare. Nd\u00ebrkaq, shp\u00ebrb\u00ebrja e BRSS-s\u00eb dhe dalja prej saj e nj\u00eb Rusie t\u00eb pakonsoliduar nuk shkonin n\u00eb favor t\u00eb ideologjis\u00eb serbomadhe.<\/p>\n

Fundi i shekullit XX dhe fillimi i shekullit XXI paraqet nj\u00eb faz\u00eb historike – t\u00eb pap\u00ebrs\u00ebritshme p\u00ebr kombin shqiptar n\u00eb gadishull – p\u00ebr ta zgjidhur \u00e7\u00ebshtjen komb\u00ebtare, historikisht t\u00eb drejt\u00eb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Xhelal Zejneli Pas mbarimit t\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore, d.m.th. m\u00eb 1945, Gjermania u nda n\u00eb kat\u00ebr zona t\u00eb cilat zot\u00ebroheshin prej forcave t\u00eb armatosura t\u00eb shteteve – aleate t\u00eb luft\u00ebs s\u00eb sapo p\u00ebrfunduar: ShBA-s\u00eb, Britanis\u00eb s\u00eb Madhe, Franc\u00ebs dhe Bashkimit Sovjetik. N\u00eb vitin 1949, zonat q\u00eb zot\u00ebroheshin nga ShBA-ja, Britania e Madhe dhe Franca […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":60252,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-46892","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-artikuj"],"yoast_head":"\nR\u00cbNIA E MURIT T\u00cb BERLINIT DHE KONSTELACIONI I RI GLOBAL - FJALA e LIR\u00cb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/renia-e-murit-te-berlinit-dhe-konstelacioni-i-ri-global\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"R\u00cbNIA E MURIT T\u00cb BERLINIT DHE KONSTELACIONI I RI GLOBAL - FJALA e LIR\u00cb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Xhelal Zejneli Pas mbarimit t\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore, d.m.th. m\u00eb 1945, Gjermania u nda n\u00eb kat\u00ebr zona t\u00eb cilat zot\u00ebroheshin prej forcave t\u00eb armatosura t\u00eb shteteve – aleate t\u00eb luft\u00ebs s\u00eb sapo p\u00ebrfunduar: ShBA-s\u00eb, Britanis\u00eb s\u00eb Madhe, Franc\u00ebs dhe Bashkimit Sovjetik. 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