{"id":52640,"date":"2020-03-17T17:21:36","date_gmt":"2020-03-17T16:21:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fjala.info\/?p=52640"},"modified":"2020-03-29T14:09:19","modified_gmt":"2020-03-29T13:09:19","slug":"homeri-odisea","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/homeri-odisea\/","title":{"rendered":"HOMERI \u2013 \u201cODISEA\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Xhelal Xhelal Zejneli<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sikund\u00ebr \u201cIliada\u201d<\/em>, edhe \u201cOdisea\u201d<\/em> fillon me nj\u00eb figur\u00eb retorike, <\/em>me nj\u00eb apostrof\u00eb<\/em>. N\u00eb t\u00eb dyja poemat, poeti th\u00ebrret hyjnesh\u00ebn, muz\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb frym\u00ebzim t\u00eb k\u00ebndoj n\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00ebn, m\u00ebrin\u00eb e Akilit<\/em>, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb t\u00eb dyt\u00ebn, bredhjet e pafund e plot rreziqe t\u00eb Odises\u00eb<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Epopeja luftarake \u201cIliada\u201d<\/em> ka 24 k\u00ebng\u00eb (sipas numrit t\u00eb shkronjave t\u00eb alfabetit grek<\/em>) dhe 15.696 vargje, heksametra. N\u00eb t\u00eb pasqyrohet viti i dhjet\u00eb, i fundit i luft\u00ebs para mureve t\u00eb Troj\u00ebs midis heronjve grek\u00eb dhe trojan\u00eb. Vepra jep edhe nj\u00eb pasqyr\u00eb t\u00eb ngjeshur p\u00ebr t\u00eb\u00a0 kaluar\u00ebn e larg\u00ebt t\u00eb jet\u00ebs shoq\u00ebrore. Studiuesit thon\u00eb se poeti i madh gjenial, Homeri, \u201cIliad\u00ebn\u201d<\/em> e shkroi n\u00eb t\u00eb rit\u00eb e vet, nd\u00ebrsa \u201cOdisen\u00eb\u201d<\/em> \u2013 kah fundi i jet\u00ebs s\u00eb tij.<\/p>\n

Edhe \u201cOdisea\u201d<\/em> ka 24 k\u00ebng\u00eb dhe 12.103 vargje, heksametra. N\u00eb t\u00eb pasqyrohen bredhjet dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7are t\u00eb kryeheroit Odises\u00eb, kthimi n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi n\u00eb ishullin e Itak\u00ebs, ku e priste gruaja besnike Penelopa dhe i biri Telemaku, si dhe nd\u00ebshkimi i rrept\u00eb i atyre q\u00eb donin t\u2019ia merrnin gruan. Poeti flet nj\u00ebherazi edhe p\u00ebr rreziqet e shumta, me t\u00eb cilat u ballafaqua gjat\u00eb rrug\u00ebs heroi i shum\u00ebvuajtur dhe mendjempreht\u00eb.<\/p>\n

*\u00a0\u00a0 *\u00a0\u00a0 *<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lidhur me fatin e Troj\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb heronjve, q\u00eb mor\u00ebn pjes\u00eb n\u00eb luft\u00eb, kan\u00eb shkruar edhe autor\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, por veprat poetike t\u00eb tyre, nuk kan\u00eb arritur deri n\u00eb dit\u00ebt tona.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb prej krijuesve t\u00eb panjohur i ka k\u00ebnduar dinak\u00ebris\u00eb, me ndihm\u00ebn e t\u00eb cil\u00ebs grek\u00ebt ia dol\u00ebn ta pushtojn\u00eb Troj\u00ebn. K\u00ebta nd\u00ebrtuan nj\u00eb kal\u00eb vigan prej druri n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin u fsheh\u00ebn disa prej luft\u00ebtar\u00ebve m\u00eb trima. Grek\u00ebt e lan\u00eb kalin para mureve t\u00eb Troj\u00ebs dhe me anijet e veta u larguan n\u00eb ishullin Tenedos.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb nj\u00eb vep\u00ebr tjet\u00ebr flitet sesi trojan\u00ebt e soditin nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb kalin e drunjt\u00eb dhe bisedojn\u00eb nd\u00ebr vete, se \u00e7\u2019duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb me t\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, falltari Laokoon <\/strong>del para turm\u00ebs dhe u thot\u00eb se kali duhet shkat\u00ebrruar pa hamendje. Mbrojt\u00ebsja e grek\u00ebve, Atena, u thot\u00eb trojan\u00ebve se kali \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb dhurat\u00eb e grek\u00ebve, duke shtuar se Laokooni g\u00ebnjen. Si nd\u00ebshkim, ajo i d\u00ebrgon atij dy gjarp\u00ebrinj t\u00eb llahtarsh\u00ebm t\u00eb cil\u00ebt e mbysin at\u00eb bashk\u00eb me dy f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e tij. Nga skena q\u00eb pan\u00eb, trojan\u00ebt u tmerruan. Ishin t\u00eb bindur se falltari Laokoon u d\u00ebnua si g\u00ebnjeshtar, nd\u00ebrsa kalin e fut\u00ebn n\u00eb qytet. Nat\u00ebn, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb kishin r\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb gjum\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb. Grek\u00ebt q\u00eb ishin fshehur n\u00eb barkun e kalit t\u00eb drunjt\u00eb, dol\u00ebn q\u00eb aty, i vran\u00eb rojet dhe ia \u00e7el\u00ebn portat ushtris\u00eb greke. Me t\u00eb hyr\u00eb n\u00eb qytet, grek\u00ebt vran\u00eb, dogj\u00ebn dhe rr\u00ebnuan gjith\u00e7ka. Troja u mbyt n\u00eb gjak dhe u shkrumbua. Disa q\u00eb shp\u00ebtuan, mezi ia dol\u00ebn t\u00eb largohen. Midis tyre, ishte edhe Eneu<\/strong>, djali i hyjnesh\u00ebs Afrodit\u00eb<\/em><\/strong> dhe i Ankisit<\/em><\/strong>, njeri i r\u00ebndomt\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb rapsodi t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb ciklit epik, q\u00eb kan\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb me legjend\u00ebn trojane, flitet p\u00ebr luft\u00ebn e Akilit kund\u00ebr mbret\u00ebresh\u00ebs s\u00eb Amazoneve, Pentesiles\u00eb<\/strong>, q\u00eb kishin ardhur t\u2019u ndihmonin trojan\u00ebve. Flitet edhe p\u00ebr vrasjen e Akilit nga Paridi<\/em><\/strong>, p\u00ebr grindjen nd\u00ebrmjet Odiseut dhe Ajaksit se kujt i takonin arm\u00ebt e Akilit, p\u00ebr vrasjen e Agamemnonit<\/em><\/strong> nga gruaja e tij, Klitemnestra<\/em><\/strong> dhe nga dashnori i saj, Egisti<\/em><\/strong>. Shum\u00eb nga k\u00ebto ngjarje u trajtuan m\u00eb von\u00eb edhe n\u00eb tragjedit\u00eb e tragjedian\u00ebve t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj grek\u00eb.<\/p>\n

*\u00a0\u00a0 *\u00a0\u00a0 *<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb K\u00ebng\u00ebn I<\/em> t\u00eb poem\u00ebs s\u00eb dyt\u00eb t\u00eb Homerit \u201cOdisea\u201d<\/em> b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr kuvendin e per\u00ebndive. Ata jan\u00eb t\u00eb shqet\u00ebsuar p\u00ebr Odisen\u00eb, i cili ndon\u00ebse kishin kaluar dhjet\u00eb vjet nga mbarimi i luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Troj\u00ebs, ende nuk po kthehej n\u00eb atdhe.<\/p>\n

Pas luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Troj\u00ebs, shum\u00eb luft\u00ebtar\u00eb grek\u00eb u kthyen n\u00eb atdhe. Por, Odiseu, me nj\u00eb grup luft\u00ebtar\u00ebsh bredh dhjet\u00eb vjet rresht n\u00ebp\u00ebr dete dhe vende t\u00eb ndryshme. Ai ndiqet nga zoti i detit, Poseidoni<\/em><\/strong> i zem\u00ebruar, t\u00eb cilit Odiseu ia kishte verbuar t\u00eb birin, ciklopin Polifem<\/em><\/strong>. K\u00ebshtu poeti, duke g\u00ebrshetuar fantastiken<\/em> me realen<\/em>, poezin\u00eb<\/em> me dram\u00ebn<\/em>, ka krijuar nj\u00eb roman madh\u00ebshtor n\u00eb vargje. Jan\u00eb vargje t\u00eb freskuara nga aroma e njelm\u00ebt e detit, t\u00eb ndri\u00e7uara nga dritat dhe ngjyrat e bukura t\u00eb agimeve dhe t\u00eb muzgjeve mesdhetare.<\/p>\n

Subjekti i poem\u00ebs \u201cOdisea\u201d<\/em> nd\u00ebrtohet n\u00eb tri linja: Bredhjet e pafund dhe plot rreziqe t\u00eb Odiseut; pritja e gjat\u00eb dhe plot shqet\u00ebsime e Penelop\u00ebs; rravgimet e Telemakut p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjetur t\u00eb atin<\/em>. Me kompozicion q\u00eb ka, poema vazhdimisht e mban gjall\u00eb kureshtjen e lexuesit. N\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet k\u00ebtyre tri linjave hapet nj\u00eb bot\u00eb e gjer\u00eb, e pasur me ngjarje, episode dhe tablo t\u00eb bukura t\u00eb natyr\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

\u201cOdisea\u201d \u00ebsht\u00eb poem\u00eb e pritjes<\/em> s\u00eb nj\u00eb kthimi, q\u00eb s\u2019ka t\u00eb sosur. Midis pritjes dhe kthimit shtrihet ura vigane e mallit dhe e ankthit. \u00cbsht\u00eb malli dhe ankthi i Odises\u00eb<\/strong>, i Penelop\u00ebs <\/strong>dhe i Telemakut. \u201c<\/strong>Odisea<\/em>\u201d \u00ebsht\u00eb poem\u00eb e \u00ebndrr\u00ebs s\u00eb dashuris\u00eb<\/em>. \u00cbsht\u00eb dashuria e Nausik\u00ebs<\/strong>. \u00cbsht\u00eb poem\u00eb e pendimit t\u00eb thell\u00eb t\u00eb gruas q\u00eb rr\u00ebmbehet nga pasioni dhe l\u00eb vatr\u00ebn familjare<\/em>. \u00cbsht\u00eb pendimi i Helen\u00ebs<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Heroi nuk ka mundur t\u00eb kthehet n\u00eb Itak\u00eb, ngase n\u00eb ishullin Ogigia, e mbante rob nimfa Kalipso<\/strong>, e cila kishte r\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dashuri me Odisen\u00eb. M\u00eb n\u00eb fund, me urdhrin e Zeusit, ajo e liron heroin.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr, i biri i Odises\u00eb, Telemaku, vazhdon t\u00eb bredh\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr qytete t\u00eb Greqis\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb m\u00ebsuar prej luft\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb n\u00eb din\u00eb gj\u00eb p\u00ebr baban\u00eb e tij.<\/p>\n

Pas ndarjes nga Kalipsoja, Odiseu, i p\u00ebrndjekur nga Poseidoni, e vazhdon udh\u00ebtimin e tij n\u00ebp\u00ebr det. Ngjarjet e sip\u00ebrth\u00ebna pasqyrohen n\u00eb pes\u00eb k\u00ebng\u00ebt e para t\u00eb poem\u00ebs. P\u00ebr ndodhit\u00eb p\u00ebrpara episodit me Kalipson, m\u00ebsojm\u00eb nga rr\u00ebfimi i vet\u00eb Odises\u00eb, t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb form\u00eb digresioni.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebng\u00ebn e gjasht\u00eb val\u00ebt e detit e flakin heroin n\u00eb vendin e feak\u00ebve<\/em> ku sundon mbreti Alkino<\/strong>. I lodhur dhe i rraskapitur, sapo del n\u00eb breg, Odiseu bie n\u00eb nj\u00eb gjum\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb. E zgjojn\u00eb britmat e vajzave, t\u00eb cilat d\u00ebfreheshin dhe i lanin rrobat n\u00eb gryk\u00ebn e lumit. Midis tyre ishte edhe Nausika<\/strong>, e bija e mbretit Alkino. Ajo e merr Odisen\u00eb dhe e shpie n\u00eb pallat ku shtrojn\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb nj\u00eb dark\u00eb madh\u00ebshtore. Rapsodi i oborrit, Domodoku, u k\u00ebndon heronjve t\u00eb luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Troj\u00ebs dhe b\u00ebmave t\u00eb tyre. Odiseu m\u00ebson prej tij se grek\u00ebt ia kan\u00eb dol\u00eb ta shtien n\u00eb dor\u00eb qytetin vet\u00ebm me dredhi, duke futur brenda mureve t\u00eb tij kalin e drunjt\u00eb, t\u00eb njohur me emrin kali i Troj\u00ebs<\/em><\/strong>. K\u00ebnga q\u00eb k\u00ebndoi Demodoku e preku thell\u00eb Odisen\u00eb, autorin e k\u00ebsaj dredhie. Atij iu ngjall\u00ebn kujtime t\u00eb vjetra, e pushtuan dhembje e brenga, nga faqet i rr\u00ebshqit\u00ebn lot.<\/p>\n

Mbreti Alkino, me t\u00eb par\u00eb lot\u00ebt e heroit, i lutet t\u00eb tregoj\u00eb se kush ishte dhe \u00e7\u2019kishte ndodhur me t\u00eb. Odiseu filloi t\u00eb tregoj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjitha ato q\u00eb kishte p\u00ebrjetuar dhe v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsit\u00eb me t\u00eb cilat ishte ballafaquar rrug\u00ebs s\u00eb kthimit p\u00ebr n\u00eb atdhe, derisa val\u00ebt e rr\u00ebmbyeshme t\u00eb detit t\u00eb trazuar e nxor\u00ebn n\u00eb ishullin Skeria t\u00eb feak\u00ebve. \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb rr\u00ebfim fantastik p\u00ebr vende dhe qenie p\u00ebrrallore, si: lestrigon\u00ebt njer\u00ebzngr\u00ebn\u00ebs, ciklop\u00ebt, nimfat, sirenat. Ai tregon p\u00ebr popuj dhe fise t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb pellgut t\u00eb Mesdheut, p\u00ebr doket dhe zakonet e tyre.<\/p>\n

Me plot ngjyra t\u00eb gjalla dhe t\u00eb larmishme, ai tregon p\u00ebr nj\u00eb bot\u00eb mesdhetare, q\u00eb nga brigjet e Azis\u00eb s\u00eb Vog\u00ebl deri n\u00eb brigjet greke, q\u00eb nga ishujt e Egjeut dhe t\u00eb Jonit deri n\u00eb Spanj\u00ebn e larg\u00ebt. Aty shndrit bardh\u00ebsia e velave q\u00eb rr\u00ebshqasin mbi kalt\u00ebrsin\u00eb e qet\u00eb detare, ngryset qielli, shfryjn\u00eb stuhit\u00eb dhe trazojn\u00eb detin, nd\u00ebrsa val\u00ebt frik\u00ebsuese duket se do ta p\u00ebrpijn\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb \u00e7ast l\u00ebvozhg\u00ebn e drunjt\u00eb, me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn lundronte Odiseu.<\/p>\n

Midis drit\u00ebs dhe err\u00ebsir\u00ebs, midis shpres\u00ebs dhe vdekjes q\u00eb i ngre kurthe heroit n\u00eb \u00e7do hap t\u00eb lundrimit t\u00eb tij n\u00ebp\u00ebr detin e pafund, q\u00ebndron pezull ankthi i pritjes dhe i kthimit. E kan\u00eb quajtur poem\u00eb t\u00eb detit<\/em>, por edhe poem\u00eb t\u00eb pritjes<\/em>. Pret heroi t\u00eb zbret n\u00eb brigjet e Itak\u00ebs, pret i biri t\u00eb atin, gruaja burrin e vet.<\/p>\n

Rr\u00ebfimi i Odises\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjitha q\u00eb kishte p\u00ebrjetuar gjat\u00eb udh\u00ebtimit plot rreziqe e fatkeq\u00ebsi, i preku t\u00eb gjith\u00eb q\u00eb e kishin d\u00ebgjuar n\u00eb dark\u00ebn t\u00eb shtruar p\u00ebr nder t\u00eb tij. Mbreti Alkino urdh\u00ebron q\u00eb ta pajisin heroin me gjith\u00e7ka t\u00eb nevojshme dhe me lundrat e tyre t\u00eb shpejta ta shpijn\u00eb n\u00eb Itak\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Me t\u00eb mb\u00ebrritur n\u00eb atdhe, Odiseu s\u00eb pari takon bariun plak Eumeun<\/strong>. Aty vjen edhe i biri Telemaku. E b\u00ebjn\u00eb planin e hakmarrjes dhe nisen p\u00ebr n\u00eb pallat, ku hanin e pinin bijt\u00eb e paris\u00eb s\u00eb Itak\u00ebs. Ata i kishin r\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb qaf\u00eb Penelop\u00ebs p\u00ebr ta detyruar t\u00eb martohej me ndonj\u00ebrin prej tyre. Pas dhjet\u00eb luftimesh t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjakshme para mureve t\u00eb k\u00ebshtjell\u00ebs trojane dhe dhjet\u00eb vjet odiseade<\/strong> n\u00ebp\u00ebr dete, sa t\u00eb qeta aq edhe t\u00eb trazuara, heroi i luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Troj\u00ebs iu kthye gruas dhe t\u00eb birit. Nga largimi i burrit t\u00eb saj, kishin kaluar plot nj\u00ebzet vjet. Penelopa nuk e njohu luft\u00ebtarin trim, derisa nuk ia pa vrag\u00ebn q\u00eb kishte pasur n\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00eb. Poema merr fund me vrasjen e atyre, q\u00eb kishin tentuar t\u2019ia cenonin nderin trimit.<\/p>\n

*\u00a0\u00a0 *\u00a0\u00a0 *<\/strong><\/p>\n

Veprimi n\u00eb \u201cOdisea<\/em>\u201d zhvillohet brenda dyzet dit\u00ebve. Por ngjarjet, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat m\u00ebson lexuesi n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet rr\u00ebfimeve t\u00eb luft\u00ebtarit trim n\u00eb form\u00eb digresionesh, i japin poem\u00ebs nj\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb kohore dhe hap\u00ebsinore. N\u00eb krahasim me \u201cIliad\u00ebn<\/em>\u201d, stili i \u201cOdises\u00eb<\/em>\u201d \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb i shtruar dhe m\u00eb i qet\u00eb. Kjo b\u00ebhet m\u00eb e qart\u00eb, po t\u00eb hiqet nj\u00eb paralele midis dy heronjve t\u00eb t\u00eb dy poemave, Akilit dhe Odises\u00eb.<\/p>\n

I pari, Akili, me zem\u00ebrimin e tij, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb ortek, q\u00eb l\u00ebshohet s\u00eb larti dhe shkat\u00ebrron \u00e7do gj\u00eb q\u00eb i del p\u00ebrpara. Pasi ngihet me hakmarrje, ai qet\u00ebsohet. Por, pas k\u00ebsaj ndjen dhimbje p\u00ebr fatkeq\u00ebsin\u00eb e t\u00eb tjer\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

I dyti, Odiseu, n\u00eb \u00e7do situat\u00eb vepron ngadal\u00eb dhe me men\u00e7uri dhe u b\u00ebn ball\u00eb fatkeq\u00ebsive q\u00eb ia shkaktojn\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt. Dallimet q\u00eb kan\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb me subjektet e poemave kan\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar edhe dallimet n\u00eb stilin e shtjellimit t\u00eb ngjarjeve, n\u00eb mjetet shpreh\u00ebse dhe n\u00eb karakteret e personazheve.<\/p>\n

Odiseu \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb figur\u00eb mjaft reale dhe tok\u00ebsore, m\u00eb pak e idealizuar se personazhet e \u201cIliad\u00ebs\u201d. Forc\u00eb l\u00ebviz\u00ebse e bredhjeve t\u00eb tij t\u00eb gjata dhe plot rreziqe \u00ebsht\u00eb kureshtja<\/em>, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn poeti i madh italian i kap\u00ebrcyellit t\u00eb Mesjet\u00ebs dhe shekullit t\u00eb ri, Dante Aligieri <\/strong>(Dante Alighieri, 1265-1321) e ka k\u00ebnduar bukur n\u00eb vepr\u00ebn e tij \u201cKomedia hyjnore\u201d <\/em>(1307-1321). Dante thot\u00eb: \u201cOdiseut, as dashuria p\u00ebr t\u00eb birin dhe p\u00ebr gruan e tij Penelop\u00ebn, nuk mund\u00ebn t\u2019ia shuanin d\u00ebshir\u00ebn e flakt\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb njohur bot\u00ebn, vende e njer\u00ebz t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm, me veset dhe me virtytet e tyre\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Krahas guximit dhe trim\u00ebris\u00eb, Odiseu dallohet edhe p\u00ebr mendjen e tij t\u00eb mpreht\u00eb dhe dinak\u00ebrin\u00eb. Kjo e ndihmon at\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar me fantazi situata dhe mjete rrethanore, p\u00ebr t\u2019u b\u00ebr\u00eb ball\u00eb kurtheve q\u00eb i ngren\u00eb n\u00eb \u00e7do hap, natyra e eg\u00ebr dhe armiqt\u00eb e tij, njer\u00ebz dhe hyjni. P\u00ebrvoja jet\u00ebsore e ka shtyr\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb i kujdessh\u00ebm dhe i v\u00ebmendsh\u00ebm ndaj mjedisit q\u00eb e rrethon.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb figur\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00ebrheq me bukurin\u00eb morale t\u00eb saj \u00ebsht\u00eb gruaja e Odises\u00eb, Penelopa<\/strong>, simbol i besnik\u00ebris\u00eb bashk\u00ebshortore. E men\u00e7ur, madh\u00ebrisht e qet\u00eb dhe plot dinjitet, para bijve t\u00eb paris\u00eb s\u00eb Itak\u00ebs q\u00eb i vardiseshin, ajo qan nat\u00eb e dit\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb shoqin, q\u00eb s\u2019ka t\u00eb kthyer. Megjith\u00ebk\u00ebt\u00eb, s\u2019i humb dot shpresat se nj\u00eb dit\u00eb burri i saj do t\u00eb kthehet. P\u00ebr besnik\u00ebrin\u00eb ndaj dashuris\u00eb s\u00eb saj, ajo e thuri dhe e shthuri p\u00eblhur\u00ebn plot 20 vjet.<\/p>\n

Helena e bukur shkaktoi nj\u00eb luft\u00eb p\u00ebr dashurin\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa Penelopa, me besnik\u00ebrin\u00eb e saj, e ka magjepsur nd\u00ebr shekuj mbar\u00eb njer\u00ebzimin.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Nj\u00eb frym\u00eb magjeps\u00ebse dhe t\u00eb kalt\u00ebr si deti, n\u00eb thell\u00ebsit\u00eb e t\u00eb cilit jetojn\u00eb, sjellin n\u00eb poem\u00eb edhe qeniet e mbinatyrshme<\/em><\/strong> si\u00e7 jan\u00eb sirenat, Kalipso, Cir\u00e7e<\/em><\/strong>. Ato kan\u00eb r\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dashuri me Odisen\u00eb, ndaj p\u00ebrpiqen ta mbajn\u00eb rob t\u00eb tyre. K\u00ebt\u00eb tablo lirike<\/em> e plot\u00ebson sidomos figura shum\u00eb njer\u00ebzore e vajz\u00ebs s\u00eb mbretit Alkino, Nausika. <\/strong>Ajo jeton n\u00eb nj\u00eb bot\u00eb t\u00eb past\u00ebr \u00ebndrrash, q\u00eb marrin drit\u00eb nga ndjenja e dashuris\u00eb p\u00ebr Odisen\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Figura t\u00eb tjera n\u00eb poem\u00eb jan\u00eb edhe djali i Odises\u00eb, Telemaku i cili s\u2019la vend pa k\u00ebrkuar p\u00ebr ta gjetur t\u00eb atin. Figur\u00eb e dashur \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe skllavi besnik Eumeu<\/strong>, dadoja plak\u00eb dhe e dhembshur Euriklea<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Sa i p\u00ebrket an\u00ebs morale, n\u00eb poem\u00eb njer\u00ebzit q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb m\u00eb lart\u00eb se hyjnit\u00eb. Hyjnit\u00eb jan\u00eb plot vese dhe synojn\u00eb t\u2019u b\u00ebjn\u00eb njer\u00ebzve vet\u00ebm t\u00eb k\u00ebqija. Cir\u00e7ja \u00ebsht\u00eb e pabes\u00eb, ciklopi Polifem – eg\u00ebrsir\u00eb q\u00eb ha njer\u00ebz, sirenat – josh\u00ebse dhe tin\u00ebzare. Ndaj tyre, poeti mban nj\u00ebfar\u00eb q\u00ebndrimi kritik.<\/p>\n

Forca e artit t\u00eb Homerit q\u00ebndron n\u00eb g\u00ebrshetimin e bot\u00ebs fantastike t\u00eb hyjnive me bot\u00ebn reale t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve, n\u00eb shkrirjen e t\u00eb mbinatyrshmes me njer\u00ebzoren. Kjo ndikon q\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha ngjarjet t\u00eb rrjedhin natyrsh\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb b\u00ebhen t\u00eb besueshme e bind\u00ebse.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb \u201cOdisea\u201d ka shum\u00eb motive folklorike<\/em><\/strong>, q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb njohura edhe n\u00eb epik\u00ebn popullore dhe n\u00eb p\u00ebrrallat shqiptare, si ai i djalit q\u00eb niset t\u00eb k\u00ebrkoj\u00eb baban\u00eb, motivi i rinjohjes nga ndonj\u00eb shenj\u00eb e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, ai i verbimit dhe i vrasjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrbind\u00ebshave, q\u00eb gllab\u00ebrojn\u00eb udh\u00ebtar\u00eb, i sirenave q\u00eb i magjepsin udh\u00ebtar\u00ebt p\u00ebr t\u2019i shp\u00ebn\u00eb drejt vdekjes, i burrit q\u00eb i q\u00ebllon t\u00eb ndodhet n\u00eb dasm\u00ebn e t\u00eb shoqes etj.<\/p>\n

*\u00a0\u00a0 *\u00a0\u00a0 *<\/strong><\/p>\n

Poemat homerike jan\u00eb vepra q\u00eb d\u00ebshmojn\u00eb p\u00ebr gjenin\u00eb krijuese t\u00eb popullit. Ato kan\u00eb edhe r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi historike t\u00eb madhe. Jan\u00eb pasqyr\u00eb e gjall\u00eb e m\u00ebnyr\u00ebs s\u00eb jetes\u00ebs, e marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve midis njer\u00ebzve dhe e epok\u00ebs, kur kan\u00eb ndodhur ngjarjet e p\u00ebrshkruara. Eposi homerik paraqet tablon\u00eb e rendit fisnor n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn e shp\u00ebrb\u00ebrjes s\u00eb tij. N\u00eb krye t\u00eb \u00e7do fisi q\u00ebndronte mbreti apo vasileusi<\/em>, si\u00e7 quhej n\u00eb greqishten e vjet\u00ebr. Mbreti kishte pushtetin politik dhe ushtarak. Me autoritet t\u00eb plot\u00eb, ai i printe ushtris\u00eb n\u00eb luft\u00eb. T\u00eb till\u00eb ishin mbreti i Argosit dhe i Miken\u00ebs – Agamemnoni, mbreti i Spart\u00ebs – Menelau, mbreti i Itak\u00ebs – Odiseu.<\/p>\n

Burim pasurimi i aristokracis\u00eb fisnore kan\u00eb qen\u00eb luft\u00ebrat grabitqare dhe kusaria n\u00ebp\u00ebr dete, gj\u00eb shihet edhe n\u00eb poemat e Homerit. Etja p\u00ebr pla\u00e7k\u00eb e pasuri ishte forca l\u00ebviz\u00ebse q\u00eb i shtyri fiset greke drejt mureve t\u00eb Troj\u00ebs. Akili i zem\u00ebruar me komandantin e p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm t\u00eb ushtris\u00eb greke, Agamemnonin, i cili pa t\u00eb drejt\u00eb ia rr\u00ebmbeu skllaven e bukur, Briseid\u00ebn, i thot\u00eb k\u00ebtij: \u201cSi kryekomandant i ushtris\u00eb, t\u00eb takon ty pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e pla\u00e7k\u00ebs, ndon\u00ebse barra e luft\u00ebs s\u00eb eg\u00ebr bie m\u00eb tep\u00ebr mbi mua\u201d<\/em>.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb epok\u00ebn q\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruan Homeri, puna \u00e7mohej nga t\u00eb gjith\u00eb. Por, p\u00ebr shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb homerike ideal m\u00eb i lart\u00eb ishte lavdia<\/em><\/strong> dhe trim\u00ebria<\/em><\/strong> n\u00eb fush\u00ebbetej\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur atdheun, familjen dhe nderin. Kur Hektori e sheh v\u00ebllain e vet Paridin t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqet dhe t\u00eb fshihet pas shok\u00ebve, kur pikas Menelaun q\u00eb i sulet, e fyen me fjal\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnda. Fjala e dh\u00ebn\u00eb, mikpritja <\/em>dhe miq\u00ebsia<\/em> konsideroheshin detyr\u00eb e shenjt\u00eb dhe \u00e7moheshin nd\u00ebr breza. Trimi i \u00e7artur grek, Diomedi, e ul shpat\u00ebn dhe nuk e vret kund\u00ebrshtarin e tij, Glaukun, kur m\u00ebson prej tij se et\u00ebrit e tyre ishin miq. N\u00eb mbret\u00ebrin\u00eb e feak\u00ebve ku e hedhin val\u00ebt e detit, Odiseu gjen nj\u00eb pritje<\/em> bujare.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet \u201cIliad\u00ebs\u201d dhe \u201cOdises\u00eb\u201d m\u00ebsojm\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr epok\u00ebn dhe p\u00ebr shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb, por edhe p\u00ebr artin <\/em><\/strong>e tyre t\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm, me t\u00eb cilin poeti ka paraqitur tablo realiste t\u00eb gjalla. Aty qarkullojn\u00eb njer\u00ebz, sa legjendar\u00eb aq edhe real\u00eb, me veprimet, ndjenjat, g\u00ebzimet dhe fatkeq\u00ebsit\u00eb e tyre. Paraqitja artistike e tyre \u00ebsht\u00eb e rrall\u00eb n\u00eb let\u00ebrsin\u00eb bot\u00ebrore.<\/p>\n

Q\u00eb n\u00eb lasht\u00ebsi, Homerin e kan\u00eb quajtur mjesht\u00ebr t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha arteve<\/em>. N\u00eb \u201cPoetik\u00ebn\u201d<\/em> e vet, Aristoteli <\/strong>e ka th\u00ebn\u00eb prerazi se n\u00eb poezin\u00eb e tij gjendet burimi i t\u00eb gjitha gjinive letrare t\u00eb m\u00ebvonshme<\/em><\/strong>. N\u00eb poemat homerike kemi nj\u00eb liriz\u00ebm <\/em>t\u00eb holl\u00eb, dialog t\u00eb shkath\u00ebt, konflikte t\u00eb fuqishme, karaktere monumentale t\u00eb heronjve, thurje t\u00eb p\u00ebrkryera t\u00eb ngjarjeve, analiz\u00eb t\u00eb bot\u00ebs s\u00eb brendshme t\u00eb personazheve, forc\u00eb retorike dhe ligj\u00ebrim t\u00eb bukur. Pik\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb mund t\u00eb thuhet se tek arti i madh i Homerit z\u00ebn\u00eb fill poezia lirike, drama, romani <\/em>dhe oratoria<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u201cIliada\u201d dhe \u201cOdisea\u201d, t\u00eb parat kryevepra t\u00eb let\u00ebrsis\u00eb bot\u00ebrore, shquhen p\u00ebr pasurin\u00eb e madhe t\u00eb mendimeve dhe t\u00eb ndjenjave njer\u00ebzore m\u00eb t\u00eb bukura, p\u00ebr virtytet dhe cil\u00ebsit\u00eb morale, p\u00ebr optimizmin dhe dashurin\u00eb p\u00ebr jet\u00ebn, p\u00ebr \u00e7do gj\u00eb fisnike dhe t\u00eb madh\u00ebrishme q\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb mbetet aktuale dhe q\u00eb ruan vlera mbar\u00ebnjer\u00ebzore.<\/p>\n

Poemat e Homerit jan\u00eb vepra madh\u00ebshtore, d\u00ebshmi e gjall\u00eb e gjenis\u00eb krijuese t\u00eb popullit, i cili nd\u00ebr shekuj ia ka dh\u00ebn\u00eb njer\u00ebzimit thesaret m\u00eb t\u00eb \u00e7muar t\u00eb poezis\u00eb s\u00eb madhe dhe t\u00eb pavdekshme.<\/p>\n

EPOSI SHQIPTAR I KRESHNIK\u00cbVE<\/strong><\/p>\n

Trash\u00ebgimia folklorike shqiptare m\u00eb e hershme \u2013 eposi i kreshnik\u00ebve<\/em><\/strong>, njihet edhe me em\u00ebrtimet eposi heroik legjendar, cikli i kreshnik\u00ebve, cikli verior, cikli i Mujit dhe Halilit<\/strong><\/em>. Kjo trash\u00ebgimi \u00ebsht\u00eb studiuar nga autor\u00eb shqiptar\u00eb dhe t\u00eb huaj, si: studiuesi amerikan Milman Parry <\/strong>(1902-1935), profesori i let\u00ebrsis\u00eb krahasuese n\u00eb Universitetin e Harvardit Albert Bates Lord <\/strong>(1912-1991), albanologu austriak Maksimilian Lamberc <\/strong>(Maximilian Lambertz, 1882-1963), gjuh\u00ebtari dhe historiani shqiptaro-amerikan Stavro Sk\u00ebndi <\/strong>(1905-1989), figura poliedrike Arshi Pipa <\/strong>(1920-1997) etj.<\/p>\n

Profesor Albert Lordi \u00ebsht\u00eb autor i vepr\u00ebs t\u00eb njohur n\u00eb qarqet folklorike bot\u00ebrore \u201cThe Singer of Tales\u201d<\/em> (1960). Bashk\u00eb me studiuesin Milman Parry themeluan at\u00eb q\u00eb u quajt \u201cParry-Lord Theory\u201d<\/em><\/strong> q\u00eb u b\u00eb baz\u00eb e shpjegimit t\u00eb origjin\u00ebs s\u00eb poemave t\u00eb Homerit<\/em><\/strong>, \u201cIliad\u00ebs\u201d <\/em>dhe \u201cOdises\u00eb\u201d<\/em>. Mori pjes\u00eb n\u00eb simpoziumin e Shoqat\u00ebs s\u00eb studiuesve t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs Juglindore, t\u00eb mbajtur n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 1966.<\/p>\n

Heronjt\u00eb e eposit t\u00eb kreshnik\u00ebve e quajn\u00eb veten trima <\/em>ose ag\u00ebt e Jutbin\u00ebs<\/em>. Ata mbrojn\u00eb kufijt\u00eb e trojeve t\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00ebve. Muji dhe Halili<\/em> i mbrojn\u00eb t\u00eb vet\u00ebt prej nj\u00eb rreziku q\u00eb vjen nga veriu, nga brend\u00ebsia e gadishullit, kurse Gjergj Elez Alia<\/em><\/strong> \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb dalzot\u00ebs i fisit, i cili e mbron at\u00eb prej rrezikut q\u00eb vjen nga deti. N\u00eb k\u00ebng\u00ebt epike legjendare jehonat vijn\u00eb prej epokave t\u00eb lashta. Kreshnik\u00ebt q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb p\u00ebrball\u00eb Shkjaut, Osmanit, Harambashit, Harapit t\u00eb Zi etj. Konflikti sundues n\u00eb epos \u00ebsht\u00eb ai me krajlit\u00eb,<\/em> nd\u00ebrsa antagonist\u00eb t\u00eb ag\u00ebve t\u00eb Jutbin\u00ebs jan\u00eb kreshnik\u00ebt e krajlive. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, studiuesit mendojn\u00eb se eposi duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb krijuar n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e dyndjes s\u00eb sllav\u00ebve n\u00eb Ballkan<\/em><\/strong>. Mu si n\u00eb epopen\u00eb e lasht\u00eb sumere dhe n\u00eb at\u00eb greke, heronjt\u00eb qendror\u00eb t\u00eb eposit t\u00eb kreshnik\u00ebve jan\u00eb dy.<\/p>\n

Muji zgjedh fuqin\u00eb<\/em>, sikurse Akili, por heroi tjet\u00ebr, Halili, sh\u00ebnjon kultin e<\/em> bukuris\u00eb<\/em>, jo t\u00eb dijes si Odiseu. N\u00eb eposin shqiptar t\u00eb gjitha konfliktet jan\u00eb para-osmane<\/em>. N\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb e tyre k\u00ebng\u00ebt e kreshnik\u00ebve ruajn\u00eb nj\u00eb frym\u00eb t\u00eb krishter\u00eb<\/em><\/strong>. N\u00eb koh\u00ebn e mb\u00ebrritjes s\u00eb faktorit osman n\u00eb Ballkan, eposi shqiptar ishte nj\u00eb vep\u00ebr tanim\u00eb e mbyllur. Epopeja sllave nd\u00ebrkaq zhvillohet brenda bot\u00ebs osmane. N\u00eb eposin e kreshnik\u00ebve nuk ka hap\u00ebsir\u00eb<\/em> dhe koh\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar historike<\/em>. Jutbina \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb atdhe shpirt\u00ebror i rapsod\u00ebve. Kjo d\u00ebshmon se eposi i kreshnik\u00ebve ka prejardhje vendase<\/em><\/strong>. (Sqarim: Utbina, nj\u00eb qytez\u00eb e vog\u00ebl n\u00eb malet e Kroacis\u00eb, af\u00ebr fshatit Smilijan, ku lindi Nikola Tesla, af\u00ebr Gospi\u00e7it \/A\u00c7<\/em>)<\/p>\n

Muji <\/strong>(Gjeto Basho Muji) dhe Halili <\/strong>(Sokol Halili, Sokoli i Ri) jan\u00eb v\u00ebllez\u00ebr, kryeheronj t\u00eb k\u00ebng\u00ebve t\u00eb eposit shqiptar t\u00eb kreshnik\u00ebve, shok\u00eb arm\u00ebsh n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha b\u00ebmat. Tek ata jan\u00eb ruajtur t\u00eb gjitha analogjit\u00eb e lashta ilire <\/strong>t\u00eb atij \u00e7ifti v\u00ebllez\u00ebrish heronj q\u00eb ndeshen edhe te popujt e tjer\u00eb, si te grek\u00ebt (Dioskur\u00ebt<\/em>), gjerman\u00ebt, indasit (A\u00e7vins<\/em>), armen\u00ebt (Sanazar<\/em> e Aslimelik<\/em>) etj. Muji \u00ebsht\u00eb luft\u00ebtari q\u00eb jeton e vepron n\u00eb mjedisin tipik t\u00eb mal\u00ebsive shqiptare<\/em>. Tek ai mish\u00ebrohen vlerat e larta shpirt\u00ebrore e fizike t\u00eb popullit shqiptar, si besa, burr\u00ebria, trim\u00ebria, q\u00ebndresa p\u00ebrball\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsive e armiqve, krenaria, dashuria p\u00ebr lirin\u00eb e vendit t\u00eb vet<\/em>. Fal\u00eb forc\u00ebs q\u00eb i japin Zanat<\/em><\/strong>, Muji b\u00ebhet i pamposhtur, me tipare t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme. V\u00ebllai m\u00eb i vog\u00ebl Halili, i bindet autoritetit t\u00eb v\u00ebllait m\u00eb t\u00eb madh, por vrulli rinor e b\u00ebn t\u00eb shp\u00ebrthej\u00eb n\u00eb veprime t\u00eb pap\u00ebrmbajtura. B\u00ebmat heroike i japin figur\u00ebs s\u00eb tij nj\u00eb madh\u00ebshti legjendare, si ajo e heronjve t\u00eb luft\u00ebs trojane, e k\u00ebnduar n\u00eb poemat e Homerit t\u00eb verb\u00ebr.<\/p>\n

(Muji e Halili duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb krijuar si legjend\u00eb me emra t\u00eb till\u00eb jo shqip, pas pushtimit osman, ose legjenda e m\u00ebparshme ka marr\u00eb emra osman\u00eb gjat\u00eb pushtimit \/A\u00c7<\/em>)<\/p>\n

Krijimet folklorike, poetike dhe muzikore shqiptare, u quajt\u00ebn me emra t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm: k\u00ebng\u00eb t\u00eb vjetra, t\u00eb mo\u00e7me, trimash, kreshnik\u00ebsh, burrash, k\u00ebng\u00eb lahute <\/em>etj. N\u00eb rapsodi k\u00ebndohen ngjarje t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb s\u00eb kaluar\u00ebs, por edhe t\u00eb s\u00eb sotmes. Sipas natyr\u00ebs s\u00eb temave, motiveve dhe form\u00ebs artistike, ato mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb k\u00ebng\u00eb popullore historike, dashurie, dasme, kurbeti <\/em>etj. Rapsod\u00ebt i kan\u00eb k\u00ebnduar n\u00eb gjinin\u00eb letrare epike, lirike <\/em>dhe liriko-epike<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Poema epike historike Lahuta e Malc<\/em><\/strong>\u00ed<\/em><\/strong>s<\/em><\/strong>, Shkod\u00ebr 1937 me 15.613 vargje<\/strong>, v\u00eb n\u00eb qend\u00ebr luft\u00ebn p\u00ebr pavar\u00ebsi, e n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti ngjarjet e historis\u00eb s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb veriut nga viti 1858 deri n\u00eb vitin 1913. Kjo kryevep\u00ebr letrare, e shkruar n\u00eb fillim midis viteve 1902 dhe 1909 dhe e punuar nga autori gjat\u00eb nj\u00eb periudhe tridhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7are, \u00ebsht\u00eb e para ndihmes\u00eb n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe p\u00ebr let\u00ebrsin\u00eb bot\u00ebrore. Autorin e saj, Gjergj Fisht\u00ebn <\/strong>(1871-1940) e quajt\u00ebn Homeri shqiptar<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

ULIKSI SHQIPTAR – BEKIM FEHMIU DHE PENELOPA ARVANITASE IRENE PAPAS \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Producenti i famsh\u00ebm italo-amerikan i filmit Agostino \u201cDino\u201d De Laurentis<\/strong> (1919-2010) ia ofroi Bekim Fehmiut <\/strong>(1936-2010) rolin kryesor n\u00eb serin\u00eb televizive \u201cOdisea\u201d. <\/strong>Seria spektakolare u realizua n\u00eb vitin 1968. N\u00eb \u00a0k\u00ebt\u00eb spektak\u00ebl, aktori me fam\u00eb bot\u00ebrore, Bekimi luajti rolin e Odises\u00eb (Uliksit)<\/strong>. P\u00ebr hir t\u00eb k\u00ebtij roli, nj\u00ebrin prej dy djemve t\u00eb tij e pag\u00ebzoi me emrin Uliks. Rolin e mbret\u00ebresh\u00ebs s\u00eb Itak\u00ebs, Penelop\u00ebs, e luajti aktorja greke me fam\u00eb bot\u00ebrore, me prejardhje shqiptare, Irene Papas<\/strong> (1926-). N\u00eb hap\u00ebsirat e Ballkanit, personaliteti i Bekimit mori p\u00ebrmasat e mitit<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr interpretimet brilante n\u00eb filmin \u201cOdisea\u201d figura e Bekim Fehmiut dhe e legjendares Irene Papas, u gdhend\u00ebn n\u00eb historin\u00eb e kinematografis\u00eb bot\u00ebrore. N\u00eb vitin 1972 Bekim Fehmiu vizitoi Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, ku u prit me nderime. Nacionalist\u00ebt serbom\u00ebdhenj, p\u00ebrkund\u00ebr p\u00ebrpjekjeve, nuk ia dol\u00ebn ta pengojn\u00eb Uliksin shqiptar <\/strong>– Bekimin p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb kontribut artistik kinematografis\u00eb bot\u00ebrore, si Aleksand\u00ebr Moisiu <\/strong>(1879-1935) dhe Xhon Bellushi<\/strong> (John Belushi, 1949-1982) dikur.\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Xhelal Zejneli Sikund\u00ebr \u201cIliada\u201d, edhe \u201cOdisea\u201d fillon me nj\u00eb figur\u00eb retorike, me nj\u00eb apostrof\u00eb. N\u00eb t\u00eb dyja poemat, poeti th\u00ebrret hyjnesh\u00ebn, muz\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb frym\u00ebzim t\u00eb k\u00ebndoj n\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00ebn, m\u00ebrin\u00eb e Akilit, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb t\u00eb dyt\u00ebn, bredhjet e pafund e plot rreziqe t\u00eb Odises\u00eb. Epopeja luftarake \u201cIliada\u201d ka 24 k\u00ebng\u00eb (sipas numrit t\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":52641,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,4,35,8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-52640","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-artikuj","category-histori","category-kulture","category-letersi"],"yoast_head":"\nHOMERI \u2013 \u201cODISEA\u201d - FJALA e LIR\u00cb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/homeri-odisea\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"HOMERI \u2013 \u201cODISEA\u201d - FJALA e LIR\u00cb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Xhelal Zejneli Sikund\u00ebr \u201cIliada\u201d, edhe \u201cOdisea\u201d fillon me nj\u00eb figur\u00eb retorike, me nj\u00eb apostrof\u00eb. N\u00eb t\u00eb dyja poemat, poeti th\u00ebrret hyjnesh\u00ebn, muz\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb frym\u00ebzim t\u00eb k\u00ebndoj n\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00ebn, m\u00ebrin\u00eb e Akilit, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb t\u00eb dyt\u00ebn, bredhjet e pafund e plot rreziqe t\u00eb Odises\u00eb. Epopeja luftarake \u201cIliada\u201d ka 24 k\u00ebng\u00eb (sipas numrit t\u00eb […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/homeri-odisea\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"FJALA e LIR\u00cb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/facebook.com\/fjala.info\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/facebook.com\/shkoder.net\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-03-17T16:21:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-03-29T13:09:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/homeri-odisea.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"400\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@https:\/\/twitter.com\/acokaj\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@acokaj\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"21 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/homeri-odisea\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/homeri-odisea\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9c9fccf4f6449d25e258607d9b4275cb\"},\"headline\":\"HOMERI \u2013 \u201cODISEA\u201d\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-03-17T16:21:36+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-03-29T13:09:19+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/homeri-odisea\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":4233,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/homeri-odisea\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/03\\\/homeri-odisea.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Artikuj\",\"Histori\",\"Kultur\u00eb\",\"Let\u00ebrsi\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/homeri-odisea\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/homeri-odisea\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/homeri-odisea\\\/\",\"name\":\"HOMERI \u2013 \u201cODISEA\u201d - FJALA e LIR\u00cb\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/homeri-odisea\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/homeri-odisea\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/03\\\/homeri-odisea.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-03-17T16:21:36+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-03-29T13:09:19+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9c9fccf4f6449d25e258607d9b4275cb\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/homeri-odisea\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/homeri-odisea\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/homeri-odisea\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/03\\\/homeri-odisea.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/03\\\/homeri-odisea.jpg\",\"width\":400,\"height\":600,\"caption\":\"Homeri - Odisea\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/homeri-odisea\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"HOMERI \u2013 \u201cODISEA\u201d\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/\",\"name\":\"FJALA e LIR\u00cb\",\"description\":\""E para ishte fjala..." - n\u00eb Shkoder.net\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9c9fccf4f6449d25e258607d9b4275cb\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/be103c95acc3db7547b619bb966688693542eac057aaed7ec4502234d461b6e3?s=96&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/be103c95acc3db7547b619bb966688693542eac057aaed7ec4502234d461b6e3?s=96&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/be103c95acc3db7547b619bb966688693542eac057aaed7ec4502234d461b6e3?s=96&r=g\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"description\":\"Arben \u00c7okaj - M\u00ebsues Fizike & Informatike :: Gazetar & Analist i pavarur :: Autor librash :: Ueb- & Grafik dizajner\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/fjala.info\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/facebook.com\\\/shkoder.net\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/linkedin.com\\\/in\\\/acokaj\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/https:\\\/\\\/twitter.com\\\/acokaj\",\"https:\\\/\\\/youtube.com\\\/channel\\\/UCWHTIr21i1vLKsLzVv1TM-w\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"HOMERI \u2013 \u201cODISEA\u201d - FJALA e LIR\u00cb","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/homeri-odisea\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"HOMERI \u2013 \u201cODISEA\u201d - FJALA e LIR\u00cb","og_description":"Xhelal Zejneli Sikund\u00ebr \u201cIliada\u201d, edhe \u201cOdisea\u201d fillon me nj\u00eb figur\u00eb retorike, me nj\u00eb apostrof\u00eb. N\u00eb t\u00eb dyja poemat, poeti th\u00ebrret hyjnesh\u00ebn, muz\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb frym\u00ebzim t\u00eb k\u00ebndoj n\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00ebn, m\u00ebrin\u00eb e Akilit, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb t\u00eb dyt\u00ebn, bredhjet e pafund e plot rreziqe t\u00eb Odises\u00eb. Epopeja luftarake \u201cIliada\u201d ka 24 k\u00ebng\u00eb (sipas numrit t\u00eb […]","og_url":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/homeri-odisea\/","og_site_name":"FJALA e LIR\u00cb","article_publisher":"https:\/\/facebook.com\/fjala.info\/","article_author":"https:\/\/facebook.com\/shkoder.net\/","article_published_time":"2020-03-17T16:21:36+00:00","article_modified_time":"2020-03-29T13:09:19+00:00","og_image":[{"width":400,"height":600,"url":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/homeri-odisea.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@https:\/\/twitter.com\/acokaj","twitter_site":"@acokaj","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"21 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/homeri-odisea\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/homeri-odisea\/"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/#\/schema\/person\/9c9fccf4f6449d25e258607d9b4275cb"},"headline":"HOMERI \u2013 \u201cODISEA\u201d","datePublished":"2020-03-17T16:21:36+00:00","dateModified":"2020-03-29T13:09:19+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/homeri-odisea\/"},"wordCount":4233,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/homeri-odisea\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/homeri-odisea.jpg","articleSection":["Artikuj","Histori","Kultur\u00eb","Let\u00ebrsi"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/homeri-odisea\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/homeri-odisea\/","url":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/homeri-odisea\/","name":"HOMERI \u2013 \u201cODISEA\u201d - FJALA e LIR\u00cb","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/homeri-odisea\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/homeri-odisea\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/homeri-odisea.jpg","datePublished":"2020-03-17T16:21:36+00:00","dateModified":"2020-03-29T13:09:19+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/#\/schema\/person\/9c9fccf4f6449d25e258607d9b4275cb"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/homeri-odisea\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/homeri-odisea\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/homeri-odisea\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/homeri-odisea.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/homeri-odisea.jpg","width":400,"height":600,"caption":"Homeri - Odisea"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/homeri-odisea\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"HOMERI \u2013 \u201cODISEA\u201d"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/#website","url":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/","name":"FJALA e LIR\u00cb","description":""E para ishte fjala..." - n\u00eb Shkoder.net","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/#\/schema\/person\/9c9fccf4f6449d25e258607d9b4275cb","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/be103c95acc3db7547b619bb966688693542eac057aaed7ec4502234d461b6e3?s=96&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/be103c95acc3db7547b619bb966688693542eac057aaed7ec4502234d461b6e3?s=96&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/be103c95acc3db7547b619bb966688693542eac057aaed7ec4502234d461b6e3?s=96&r=g","caption":"admin"},"description":"Arben \u00c7okaj - M\u00ebsues Fizike & Informatike :: Gazetar & Analist i pavarur :: Autor librash :: Ueb- & Grafik dizajner","sameAs":["https:\/\/fjala.info\/","https:\/\/facebook.com\/shkoder.net\/","https:\/\/linkedin.com\/in\/acokaj\/","https:\/\/x.com\/https:\/\/twitter.com\/acokaj","https:\/\/youtube.com\/channel\/UCWHTIr21i1vLKsLzVv1TM-w"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52640","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=52640"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52640\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":53100,"href":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52640\/revisions\/53100"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/52641"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=52640"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=52640"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=52640"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}