{"id":58006,"date":"2020-07-13T20:39:56","date_gmt":"2020-07-13T18:39:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fjala.info\/?p=58006"},"modified":"2020-07-13T20:39:56","modified_gmt":"2020-07-13T18:39:56","slug":"ernest-koliqi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/ernest-koliqi\/","title":{"rendered":"ERNEST KOLIQI"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Xhelal Xhelal Zejneli<\/strong><\/p>\n

Prozatori m\u00eb i madh dhe m\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm i periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb, Ernest Koliqi <\/strong>(1903-1975) lindi n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr m\u00eb 20 maj 1903. \u00cbsht\u00eb bir i Shan Koliqit dhe i Age Cuk Simonit. M\u00ebsimet e para Koliqi i mori n\u00eb Kolegjin Severian t\u00eb Jezuit\u00ebve. N\u00eb vitin 1918 i ati e d\u00ebrgoi p\u00ebr shkollim n\u00eb kolegjin jezuit \u201cCesare Arici\u201d n\u00eb Breshia t\u00eb Lombardis\u00eb. Atje njohu kultur\u00ebn dhe let\u00ebrsin\u00eb italiane. Poezit\u00eb, tregimet e shkurtra dhe komedit\u00eb e para i shkroi n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn italiane. Me disa student\u00eb, themeloi n\u00eb Bergamo gazet\u00ebn e p\u00ebrjavshme Noi, giovani (Ne t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb)<\/em>. K\u00ebtu i botoi edhe vjershat e veta t\u00eb para. U kthye n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr. M\u00ebsuesi i tij, Luigj Bum\u00e7i <\/strong>(1872-1945) ka qen\u00eb kryetar i delegacionit shqiptar n\u00eb Konferenc\u00ebn e Paqes n\u00eb Paris m\u00eb 1919. N\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet tij, u njoh me Kol\u00eb Tha\u00e7in <\/strong>(1886-1941), me Kol\u00eb Kamsin <\/strong>(1886-1950), me Laz\u00ebr Shanton <\/strong>(1892-1945) dhe me Karl Gurakuqin <\/strong>(1895-1971).<\/p>\n

Bashk\u00eb me Anton Harapin <\/strong>(1888-1946) dhe me Nush Topallin <\/strong>themeloi t\u00eb p\u00ebrjavshmen opozitare Ora e maleve<\/em>. Numri i par\u00eb i k\u00ebtij periodiku jet\u00ebshkurt\u00ebr doli n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr m\u00eb 15 prill 1923. Ishte organ i Partis\u00eb Demokratike Katolike, e cila i kishte fituar zgjedhjet n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr.<\/p>\n

Sh\u00ebnim: <\/strong>Nush Topalli \u00ebsht\u00eb baba i kalor\u00ebsit t\u00eb shqipes, albanologut dhe akademikut Kolec Topalli <\/strong>(Shkod\u00ebr, 1938 \u2013 Tiran\u00eb, 2018). M\u00eb 1948, kur Koleci ishte 10-vje\u00e7, p\u00ebr arratisjen e v\u00ebllait, babai iu burgos, nd\u00ebrsa e \u00ebma me tre f\u00ebmij\u00ebt u internuan n\u00eb kampin e Tepelen\u00ebs. \u00cbsht\u00eb autor i veprave kapitale \u201cFonetika historike e gjuh\u00ebs shqipe\u201d<\/em>, Tiran\u00eb 2007, \u201cGramatik\u00eb historike e gjuh\u00ebs shqipe\u201d<\/em>, Tiran\u00eb 2011. \u201cFjalori etimologjik i gjuh\u00ebs shqipe\u201d<\/em>, Tiran\u00eb, n\u00ebntor 2017.<\/p>\n

*\u00a0\u00a0 *\u00a0\u00a0 *<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Figura m\u00eb t\u00eb njohura politike dhe letrare t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj kohe ishin Gjergj Fishta <\/strong>(1871-1940), Luigj Gurakuqi <\/strong>(1879-1925), Mid\u2019hat Frash\u00ebri <\/strong>(1880-1949) dhe Fan Noli <\/strong>(1882-1965). Tani e tutje, afirmohej edhe poeti i ri, Koliqi. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb koh\u00eb botoi poem\u00ebn dramatike \u201cKushtrimi i Skanderbeut\u201d<\/em>, Tiran\u00eb 1924. Vepra p\u00ebrmban ode p\u00ebr Gjergj Kastriotin<\/strong> (1405-1468) si dhe p\u00ebr figura t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb historis\u00eb s\u00eb popullit shqiptar. Koliqi i krijoi odet sipas tradit\u00ebs s\u00eb let\u00ebrsis\u00eb s\u00eb Rilindjes Komb\u00ebtare.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb dhjetor t\u00eb vitit 1924, Ahmet Zogu (1895-1961) mori fuqin\u00eb me nj\u00eb grusht shteti. Koliqi dhe shum\u00eb intelektual\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb t\u00eb shquar u detyruan t\u00eb emigronin. Koliqi u vendos n\u00eb Tuz\u00ebll (Tuzla) t\u00eb Bosnj\u00eb e Hercegovin\u00ebs. N\u00eb Jugosllavi q\u00ebndroi pes\u00eb vjet. N\u00eb Tuz\u00ebll ku q\u00ebndroi tre vjet, u njoh me krer\u00eb t\u00eb fiseve t\u00eb mal\u00ebsis\u00eb shqiptare t\u00eb veriut, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt po ashtu ishin n\u00eb m\u00ebrgim. K\u00ebmbyen mendime p\u00ebr zakonet e lashta t\u00eb mal\u00ebsor\u00ebve, p\u00ebr let\u00ebrsin\u00eb gojore dhe p\u00ebr tiparet heroike t\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre t\u00eb jetes\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitet 1930-1933 Koliqi punoi si profesor n\u00eb shkoll\u00ebn tregtare t\u00eb Vlor\u00ebs si dhe n\u00eb gjimnazin e Shkodr\u00ebs. Rrethanat politike e detyruan t\u00eb largohet n\u00eb Itali. Duke botuar artikuj studimor\u00eb p\u00ebr historin\u00eb dhe p\u00ebr let\u00ebrsin\u00eb shqiptare, e njoftoi publikun italian me kultur\u00ebn shqiptare. Koliqi sh\u00ebrbeu si nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebs kulturor nd\u00ebrmjet Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe Italis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr ta njohur brezin e ri t\u00eb intelektual\u00ebve shqiptar\u00eb me let\u00ebrsin\u00eb italiane, n\u00eb vitet \u201930 Koliqi solli n\u00eb shqip poezi t\u00eb poet\u00ebve t\u00eb Apenineve. Botoi antologjin\u00eb n\u00eb dy v\u00ebllime \u201cPoet\u00ebt e m\u00ebdhej t\u2019Italis\u00eb\u201d<\/em>, Tiran\u00eb 1932, 1936. V\u00ebllimi i par\u00eb p\u00ebrmbante p\u00ebrkthimet nga Koliqi t\u00eb klasik\u00ebve: Dante Aligieri <\/strong>(Dante Alighieri, 1265-1321), Fran\u00e7esko Petrarka (Francesco Petrarca, 1304-1374), Ludoviko Ariosto <\/strong>(Ludovico Ariosto, 1474-1533) dhe Torkuato Taso <\/strong>(Torquato Tasso, 1544-1595). V\u00ebllimi i dyt\u00eb nd\u00ebrkaq, p\u00ebrmban p\u00ebrkthime poet\u00ebsh t\u00eb shekujve XVII dhe XVIII: Xhuzepe Parini <\/strong>(Guiseppe Parini, 1729-1799), Vin\u00e7enco Monti <\/strong>(Vincenzo Monti, 1754-1828), Ugo Foskolo<\/strong> (Ugo Fiscolo, emri i v\u00ebrtet\u00eb Niccolo Foscolo, nga n\u00ebna greke; Zakint, Greqi, 1778 \u2013 Turnham Greent \/ Lond\u00ebr, 1827) dhe Alesandro Manzoni <\/strong>(Alessandro Manzoni, 1785-1873).<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitin 1933 Koliqi u regjistrua n\u00eb Universitetin e Padov\u00ebs. Studioi pes\u00eb vjet pran\u00eb gjuh\u00ebtarit Karlo Taliavini <\/strong>(Carlo Tagliavini, 1903-1983). N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb universitet Koliqi punoi si profesor i gjuh\u00ebs shqipe. N\u00eb vitin 1937 mbrojti tez\u00ebn Epica popolare albanese (Epika popullore shqiptare)<\/em>. Q\u00eb andej, bashk\u00ebpunoi me botuesit e t\u00eb p\u00ebrjavshmes kulturore \u201cIliria\u201d<\/em> q\u00eb filloi t\u00eb dal\u00eb n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb m\u00eb 4 mars 1934. Tanim\u00eb Koliqi ishte nj\u00eb albanolog i njohur. N\u00eb vitin 1939 Koliqi udh\u00ebhoqi katedr\u00ebn e gjuh\u00ebs dhe let\u00ebrsis\u00eb shqipe n\u00eb Universitetin e Rom\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Koliqi ishte njoh\u00ebs i mir\u00eb i kultur\u00ebs dhe let\u00ebrsis\u00eb italiane. I njihte mir\u00eb krijimet e poet\u00ebve t\u00eb gadishullit t\u00eb Apenineve. Midis tyre edhe t\u00eb poet\u00ebve Xhozue Kardu\u00e7i <\/strong>(Giosue Carducci, 1835-1907), Xhovani Paskoli <\/strong>(Giovanni Pascoli, 1855-1912) dhe Gabriele d\u2019Anuncio <\/strong>(Gabriele D\u2019Annunzio, 1863-1938).<\/p>\n

N\u00eb koh\u00ebn e synimeve ekspansioniste t\u00eb fashizmit italian, Vangjel Ko\u00e7a <\/strong>(1900-1943) dhe Vasil Alarupi <\/strong>(1908-1977) ishin mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebs t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb t\u00eb ideologjis\u00eb s\u00eb sip\u00ebrth\u00ebn\u00eb. Rritja e ndikimit italian n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri p\u00ebrfundoi t\u00eb premten e Pashk\u00ebve n\u00eb vitin 1939 me pushtimin dhe aneksimin ushtarak t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Duke qen\u00eb nacionalist, Koliqi b\u00ebri \u00e7\u2019\u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur p\u00ebr ta zhvilluar kultur\u00ebn shqiptare edhe n\u00eb koh\u00ebn pushtimit italian. N\u00eb vitet 1939-1941 Koliqi u b\u00eb minist\u00ebr i arsimit. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb mes, ndihmoi botimin e nj\u00eb antologjie t\u00eb let\u00ebrsis\u00eb shqiptare, n\u00eb dy v\u00ebllime \u201cShkrimtar\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb\u201d<\/em>, Tiran\u00eb 1941. Vepra u redaktua nga gjuh\u00ebtari Namik Resuli <\/strong>(Berat, 10.9.1908 \u2013 Torino, 12.9.1985) dhe nga gjuh\u00ebtari e folkloristi Karl Gurakuqi <\/strong>(Shkod\u00ebr, 1895 \u2013 Palermo, 1971). N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb botim q\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb kap\u00ebrcyer sot e k\u00ebsaj dite, punuan studiuesit m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb koh\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Sh\u00ebnim<\/strong>: Namik Resuli \u00ebsht\u00eb autor i botimit kritik shkencor Il \u201cMessale\u201d<\/em> di Giovanni Buzuku. Reproduzione e transcrizione (Citt<\/em>\u00e0<\/em> del Vaticano, <\/em>1958)<\/em>. Ky botim \u00ebsht\u00eb i pari i llojit t\u00eb vet n\u00eb historin\u00eb e albanologjis\u00eb dhe si i till\u00eb, sh\u00ebnon fillimet e filologjis\u00eb moderne shqiptare.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitin 1940 Koliqi themeloi dhe drejtoi t\u00eb p\u00ebrmuajshmen letrare dhe artistike \u201cShk\u00ebndija\u201d<\/em>. Revista dilte n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Shqiptar\u00ebt n\u00ebn Mbret\u00ebrin\u00eb Jugosllave, nuk kishin t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb deklaroheshin si shqiptar\u00eb. Rrjedhimisht, nuk kishin t\u00eb drejt\u00eb shkollimi n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn amtare.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebn drejtimin e Koliqit si minist\u00ebr, n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb dhe n\u00eb viset e tjera shqiptare, p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb u hap\u00ebn shkolla n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe. Me ndihm\u00ebn e tij u hap shkolla e mesme n\u00eb Prishtin\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa student\u00ebve nga Kosova iu dha burs\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndjekur studimet n\u00eb Itali dhe n\u00eb Austri. N\u00eb shum\u00eb qytete t\u00eb trojeve shqiptare – n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, n\u00eb Maqedoni dhe n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi, ku deri at\u00ebher\u00eb ishte i ndaluar shkollimi n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe, Koliqi \u00e7eli nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb madh shkollash shqipe dhe d\u00ebrgoi mbi 200 m\u00ebsues. \u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Duke i ofruar pun\u00eb si profesor n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, Koliqi u p\u00ebrpoq t\u00eb shp\u00ebtoj\u00eb prej nazist\u00ebve albanologun austriak me prejardhje \u00e7ifute Norbert Joklin <\/strong>(1877-1942).N\u00eb vitet 1942-1943 Koliqi ishte kryetar i Institutit t\u00eb Studimeve Shqiptare<\/em> n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb, q\u00eb sapo ishte themeluar. Ky institut do t\u00eb jet\u00eb pararend\u00ebs i Akademis\u00eb s\u00eb Shkencave.<\/p>\n

Para se ta merrnin pushtetin forcat fitimtare komuniste, Koliqi u largua nga Shqip\u00ebria p\u00ebr t\u2019u vendosur n\u00eb Itali. Veprimtarin\u00eb e tij n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e let\u00ebrsis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs e vazhdoi pa reshtur. N\u00eb vitet 1957-1973 botoi n\u00eb Rom\u00eb periodikun letrar \u201cSh<\/em>\u00e9<\/em>jzat\u201d<\/em> (Le Pl<\/em>\u00e8<\/em>iadi)<\/em>. Revista ndiqte zhvillimet letrare n\u00eb bot\u00ebn shqipfol\u00ebse. U b\u00eb tribun\u00eb e let\u00ebrsis\u00eb arb\u00ebreshe, mbrojti trash\u00ebgimin\u00eb e autor\u00ebve t\u00eb paraluft\u00ebs, t\u00eb autor\u00ebve n\u00eb m\u00ebrgim t\u00eb cil\u00ebt ishin anatemuar nga kritika zyrtare e pasluft\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb pas botoi monografit\u00eb \u201cPoesia popolare albanese\u201d (Poezia popullore shqiptare)<\/em>, Firence 1957, \u201cAntologia della lirica albanese\u201d (Antologjia e lirik\u00ebs shqiptare)<\/em>, Milano 1963 dhe \u201cSaggi di litteratura albanese\u201d (Sprova p\u00ebr let\u00ebrsin\u00eb shqiptare)<\/em>, Firence 1972.<\/p>\n

I konsideruar si ithtar i let\u00ebrsis\u00eb borgjeze, reaksionare dhe fashiste, nga autoritetet e pasluft\u00ebs Koliqi u godit r\u00ebnd\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Me bashk\u00ebshorten Vangjelije Vu\u00e7ani, Koliqi kishte dy f\u00ebmij\u00eb, Markun dhe Elizabet\u00ebn. Vdiq n\u00eb Rom\u00eb m\u00eb 15 janar 1975.<\/p>\n

*\u00a0\u00a0 *\u00a0\u00a0 *<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vepra <\/strong>\u2013 N\u00eb periudh\u00ebn e pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb, n\u00eb aspektin e<\/em> v\u00ebllimit<\/em> dhe t\u00eb gam\u00ebs<\/em>, proza e let\u00ebrsis\u00eb shqiptare sh\u00ebnoi nj\u00eb rritje t\u00eb konsiderueshme. Kjo periudh\u00eb e let\u00ebrsis\u00eb arriti kulmin n\u00eb vitet tridhjet\u00eb dhe n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb viteve dyzet. Shum\u00eb intelektual\u00eb shqiptar\u00eb, duke qen\u00eb t\u00eb njohur me ide dhe modele letrare evropiane, nis\u00ebn t\u00eb krijojn\u00eb n\u00eb proz\u00eb, dram\u00eb e poezi vepra me vlera t\u00eb \u00e7mueshme. Nga t\u00eb gjith\u00eb prozator\u00ebt e periudh\u00ebs, askush nuk qe m\u00eb i madh dhe m\u00eb i fuqish\u00ebm se Koliqi.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb b\u00ebri em\u00ebr si prozator me p\u00ebrmbledhjen \u201cHija e maleve\u201d<\/em>, Zar\u00eb 1929. Jan\u00eb 12 tregime p\u00ebr jet\u00ebn e koh\u00ebs n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr dhe n\u00eb mal\u00ebsin\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb veriut. Nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e shkrimtar\u00ebve t\u00eb asaj kohe ende l\u00ebngonin nga sentimentalizmi<\/em> i romantik\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare. Te Koliqi nd\u00ebrkaq, kemi nj\u00eb trajtim pak a shum\u00eb realist dhe analiz\u00eb psikologjike t\u00eb karaktereve njer\u00ebzore. P\u00ebrmbledhja p\u00ebrmban tregime t\u00eb shkurtra q\u00eb sillen rreth tem\u00ebs qendrore – ndeshje e kulturave: zakonet tradicionale t\u00eb mal\u00ebsis\u00eb, si martesat me shkuesi dhe gjakmarrja fisnore ndeshen me idet\u00eb dhe vlerat bashk\u00ebkohore<\/em> per\u00ebndimore. Shum\u00eb intelektual\u00eb shkodran\u00eb, n\u00eb vitet \u201920 dhe \u201930 ishin shkolluar jasht\u00eb. Me t\u2019u kthyer n\u00eb atdhe, ata u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebn p\u00ebr ndryshimin e realitetit t\u00eb ashp\u00ebr t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb veriore.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb tregimet e tij, Koliqi flet p\u00ebr rolin dhe r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e qytet\u00ebrimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb kombi t\u00eb zhytur n\u00eb err\u00ebsir\u00ebn e padijes (tregimi tragjik \u201cGjaku\u201d<\/em>); p\u00ebr m\u00ebsuesin idealist i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb i shtr\u00ebnguar t\u00eb v\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb vend nderin e familjes dhe t\u00eb hakmerret p\u00ebr vrasjen e t\u00eb v\u00ebllait (i nj\u00ebjti tregim); Ky tregim t\u00eb p\u00ebrkujton gjakmarrjen n\u00eb \u201cPrillin e thyer\u201d <\/em>t\u00eb Kadares\u00eb. N\u00eb rr\u00ebfenja t\u00eb tjera autori flet p\u00ebr motive dashurie: muzikanti popullor, n\u00eb saje t\u00eb talentit t\u00eb vet, synon t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb p\u00ebr vete vash\u00ebn shkodrane; p\u00ebr vrasje dhe gjakmarrje nd\u00ebr fiset mal\u00ebsore; p\u00ebr k\u00ebrcimtaren, e cila nga shpirtrat e malit shnd\u00ebrrohet n\u00eb vash\u00eb t\u00eb bukur, nga e cila m\u00eb pas i dashuri i saj zhg\u00ebnjehet; p\u00ebr ndjekje xhandar\u00ebsh, t\u00eb ngat\u00ebrruar sipas kanunit, me detyrime dhe fjal\u00eb bese; p\u00ebr magjin\u00eb e mbinatyrshmes mbi komitin; si dhe p\u00ebr Sk\u00ebnderbeun. Shpirtrat e maleve gjithmon\u00eb ndodhen n\u00eb mendjet e fiseve t\u00eb veriut, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb disa tregimeve ua japin frym\u00ebn e s\u00eb mbinatyrshmes.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrmbledhja e dyt\u00eb e Koliqit me rr\u00ebfenja \u00ebsht\u00eb \u201cTregtar flamujsh<\/em>\u201d, Tiran\u00eb 1935. Kemi tema t\u00eb ngjashme me ato t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledhjes s\u00eb par\u00eb. Rr\u00ebfimi n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb v\u00ebllim me gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb tregime \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb i fuqish\u00ebm. Dep\u00ebrtimi n\u00eb psikologjin\u00eb e personazheve t\u00eb sjell\u00eb nd\u00ebr mend shkrimtarin italian t\u00eb Sicilis\u00eb Luixhi Pirandelo <\/strong>(Luigi Pirandello, 1876-1936) vepr\u00ebn e t\u00eb cilit Koliqi me siguri e ka njohur. Tregimet e k\u00ebtij v\u00ebllimi vler\u00ebsohen si m\u00eb t\u00eb mirat e proz\u00ebs shqiptare t\u00eb periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb paraluft\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00ebzet e pes\u00eb vjet m\u00eb von\u00eb, Koliqi botoi romanin e shkurt\u00ebr me 173 faqe \u201cShija e buk\u00ebs s\u00eb mbrume\u201d<\/em>, Rom\u00eb 1960. Vepra flet p\u00ebr tem\u00ebn e mallit p\u00ebr atdheun t\u00eb m\u00ebrgimtar\u00ebve shqiptar\u00eb n\u00eb ShBA dhe ka theks t\u00eb duksh\u00ebm politik.<\/p>\n

Koliqi ka qen\u00eb i ngacmuar edhe nga muza poetike. Pra, shkruar edhe poezi. P\u00ebrmbledhjen me poezi \u201cGjurm\u00ebt e stin\u00ebve\u201d<\/em> Tiran\u00eb 1933 Koliqi i shkroi gjat\u00eb viteve t\u00eb m\u00ebrgimit n\u00eb Jugosllavi. Me poezit\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb filozofike poeti i kthehet vendlindjes s\u00eb vet. I kthehet Shkodr\u00ebs me emocionet e stin\u00ebve t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb natyr\u00ebs, nd\u00ebrsa form\u00ebn e poezis\u00eb popullore<\/em> shqiptare e g\u00ebrsheton me simbolizmin<\/em><\/strong> e evropian.<\/p>\n

\u201cSymfonia e shqipevet\u201d<\/em>, Tiran\u00eb 1941 \u00ebsht\u00eb poezi n\u00eb proz\u00eb p\u00ebr tema historike komb\u00ebtare q\u00eb t\u00eb sjell nd\u00ebrmend vepr\u00ebn e tij \u201cKushtrimi i Skanderbeut<\/em>\u201d. Vepra \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrkthye edhe n\u00eb anglisht \u201cSymphony of eagles\u201d<\/em>, Rom\u00eb 1959<\/p>\n

V\u00ebllimi poetik i \u201cKangjelet e Rilindjes\u201d<\/em>, Rom\u00eb 1959 po ashtu \u00ebsht\u00eb shkruar n\u00eb geg\u00ebrisht dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb botuar edhe n\u00eb italisht.<\/p>\n

*\u00a0\u00a0 *\u00a0\u00a0 *<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pas luft\u00ebs, Koliqi \u00ebsht\u00eb gjykuar nga pushtetar\u00ebt p\u00ebr veprimtarin\u00eb politike t\u00eb tij, nd\u00ebrsa vepra i \u00ebsht\u00eb flakur nga historia e let\u00ebrsis\u00eb shqiptare. Veprat letrare dhe artistike vler\u00ebsohen me kritere estetike dhe jo me ato politike dhe ideologjike<\/em><\/strong>. Historia e let\u00ebrsis\u00eb bot\u00ebrore njeh raste kur shkrimtari n\u00eb jet\u00ebn publike apo private t\u00eb tij ka mb\u00ebshtetur nj\u00eb ideologji q\u00eb ka qen\u00eb n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshti me tendenc\u00ebn historike, por k\u00ebt\u00eb s\u2019e ka manifestuar dot n\u00eb krijimtarin\u00eb letrare t\u00eb vet. Kritika letrare e bot\u00ebs demokratike veprat e nj\u00eb krijuesi t\u00eb till\u00eb i ka vler\u00ebsuar me kritere estetike.<\/p>\n

Poeti dhe kritiku amerikan Ezra Paund <\/strong>(Ezra Pound, Hailey\/Idaho, 1885 – Venecie, 1972) ishte romanist brilant me arsimi t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm. E nd\u00ebrpreu karrier\u00ebn e profesorit universitar n\u00eb ShBA dhe u nis p\u00ebr n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb. V\u00ebllimin e par\u00eb poetik \u201cMe drit\u00eb t\u00eb fikur\u201d<\/em> (A lume spento, <\/em>1908)<\/em> e botoi n\u00eb Itali. Po at\u00eb vit u vendos n\u00eb Lond\u00ebr ku me nj\u00eb grup bashk\u00ebmendimtar\u00ebsh formoi qerthullin poetik imazhizmi<\/em><\/strong>. M\u00eb 1914 u njoh me t\u00eb famshmin poet, kritik dhe dramaturg anglo-amerikan Tomas St\u00ebrnz Elli\u00ebt <\/strong>(Thomas Stearns Eliot, 1888-1965) t\u00eb shkolluar n\u00eb Harvard, n\u00eb Sorbon\u00eb dhe n\u00eb Oksford. M\u00eb 1948 Elli\u00ebt mori \u00e7mimin \u201cNobel\u201d. Midis dy poet\u00ebve u lidh nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr miq\u00ebsit\u00eb letrare m\u00eb frytdh\u00ebn\u00ebse t\u00eb shekullit XX. N\u00eb dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7arin e ardhsh\u00ebm ata e transformuan poezin\u00eb anglo-amerikane. M\u00eb 1920, nga Londra, Paund shkon n\u00eb Paris ku q\u00ebndroi kat\u00ebr vjet. K\u00ebtu i bashk\u00ebngjitet rrethit t\u00eb krijuesve t\u00eb famsh\u00ebm G\u00ebrtrud Stain <\/strong>(Gertrude Stein, 1874-1946), Xhejmz Xhojs <\/strong>(James Joyce, 1882-1941), Heminguei <\/strong>(Ernest Hemingwey, 1899-1961), Frensis Skot Fixh\u00ebr\u00ebld<\/strong> (Francis Scott Fitzgerald, 1896-1940).<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitet 1910-1920 Paund ishte personaliteti kryesor i avangard\u00ebs poetike angloamerikane.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb 1924 Paund u vendos n\u00eb Rapall t\u00eb Italis\u00eb ku q\u00ebndroi deri n\u00eb vitin 1945. Gjat\u00eb k\u00ebsaj periudhe poeti p\u00ebsoi ndryshime. U p\u00ebrfshi nga ideologjia obsesive shkat\u00ebrruese. Besonte se qytet\u00ebrimi modern shkon pa kthim drejt shkat\u00ebrrimit dhe se fajtor\u00eb kryesor\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb jan\u00eb qarqet kapitaliste bankare n\u00eb krye t\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebve q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb \u00e7ifut\u00ebt. Kjo e afroi poetin me antisemitizmin nazist dhe me fashizmin e Musolinit. Gjat\u00eb Luft\u00ebs II Bot\u00ebrore Paund zhvilloi propagand\u00eb kund\u00ebr aleanc\u00ebs antifashiste, sidomos n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet radios italiane. M\u00eb 1945 u zu n\u00eb Gjenov\u00eb nga ushtria amerikane dhe u shoq\u00ebrua p\u00ebr n\u00eb ShBA, ku qysh m\u00eb 1943 ndaj tij ishte ngritur aktakuz\u00eb p\u00ebr tradhti t\u00eb lart\u00eb. Megjith\u00ebk\u00ebt\u00eb, procesi gjyq\u00ebsor nuk u mbajt ngase gjykata, n\u00eb pik\u00ebpamje mendore, e shpalli si t\u00eb paaft\u00eb p\u00ebr gjykim. N\u00eb vend t\u00eb burgosjes, e mbyll\u00ebn n\u00eb repartin neuropsikiatrik t\u00eb spitalit \u201cSt. Elisabeth\u201d<\/em> t\u00eb Uashingtonit, ku q\u00ebndroi deri n\u00eb vitin 1958. Pas k\u00ebsaj u kthye n\u00eb Itali.<\/p>\n

Me krijimtarin\u00eb poetike t\u00eb Paundit jan\u00eb marr\u00eb kritik\u00ebt letrar\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj t\u00eb bot\u00ebs. vepra letrare e tij sot e gjith\u00eb dit\u00ebn studiohet n\u00eb ShBA dhe n\u00eb mbar\u00eb bot\u00ebn e lir\u00eb. Askujt s\u2019i ka r\u00ebn\u00eb nd\u00ebrmend q\u00eb krijimtarin\u00eb letrare ta l\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb harres\u00eb apo edhe ta flak\u00eb nga historia e let\u00ebrsis\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb jet\u00ebs publike apo private t\u00eb autorit. Krijimi letrar i Paundit \u00ebsht\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar me kritere estetike dhe jo me kritere jashtletrare.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb let\u00ebrsin\u00eb shqipe s\u2019kemi asnj\u00eb rast t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm me at\u00eb t\u00eb Paundit. T\u00eb \u00e7el\u00ebsh dhjet\u00ebra apo qindra shkolla shqipe n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha trojet shqiptare nuk do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se i ke sh\u00ebrbyer pushtuesit. Koliqi \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga shkrimtar\u00ebt e shumt\u00eb q\u00eb duhej rivler\u00ebsuar. P\u00ebr rolin e tij n\u00eb zhvillimin e proz\u00ebs n\u00eb let\u00ebrsin\u00eb shqiptare, Koliqi mbetet gjigant.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb viteve dyzet, sa i p\u00ebrket stilit t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur, gam\u00ebs tematike, p\u00ebrmbajtjes dhe v\u00ebllimit, krijimtaria letrare u zhvillua mjaft. Merit\u00eb t\u00eb madhe p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb ka botuesi, prozatori dhe studiuesi Koliqi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Xhelal Zejneli Prozatori m\u00eb i madh dhe m\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm i periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb, Ernest Koliqi (1903-1975) lindi n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr m\u00eb 20 maj 1903. \u00cbsht\u00eb bir i Shan Koliqit dhe i Age Cuk Simonit. M\u00ebsimet e para Koliqi i mori n\u00eb Kolegjin Severian t\u00eb Jezuit\u00ebve. N\u00eb vitin 1918 i ati e d\u00ebrgoi p\u00ebr shkollim n\u00eb kolegjin […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":49836,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,4,35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-58006","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-artikuj","category-histori","category-kulture"],"yoast_head":"\nERNEST KOLIQI - FJALA e LIR\u00cb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/ernest-koliqi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"ERNEST KOLIQI - FJALA e LIR\u00cb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Xhelal Zejneli Prozatori m\u00eb i madh dhe m\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm i periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb, Ernest Koliqi (1903-1975) lindi n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr m\u00eb 20 maj 1903. \u00cbsht\u00eb bir i Shan Koliqit dhe i Age Cuk Simonit. M\u00ebsimet e para Koliqi i mori n\u00eb Kolegjin Severian t\u00eb Jezuit\u00ebve. 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