{"id":63874,"date":"2021-02-01T20:46:54","date_gmt":"2021-02-01T19:46:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fjala.info\/?p=63874"},"modified":"2021-02-01T20:46:54","modified_gmt":"2021-02-01T19:46:54","slug":"norbert-jokli-i-hapi-shtigje-te-reja-studimit-te-gjuhesise-shqiptare","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/norbert-jokli-i-hapi-shtigje-te-reja-studimit-te-gjuhesise-shqiptare\/","title":{"rendered":"NORBERT JOKLI \u2013 I HAPI SHTIGJE T\u00cb REJA STUDIMIT T\u00cb GJUH\u00cbSIS\u00cb SHQIPTARE"},"content":{"rendered":"

Anton Nik\u00eb Berisha<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cSot p\u00ebr sot po e jap fjal\u00ebn e shpres\u00ebs, q\u00eb n\u00ebse edhe nj\u00eb her\u00eb bota do ta fitoj\u00eb lirin\u00eb, nga qen\u00ebsia e popullit shqiptar, ku ruhen aq thesare t\u00eb lashta e t\u00eb bukura, n\u00eb k\u00ebng\u00eb dhe n\u00eb p\u00ebrralla, n\u00eb goj\u00ebdh\u00ebna e n\u00eb besime popullore, shkenca do t\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb po ashtu njohuri t\u00eb \u00e7mueshme edhe mbi doke e zakone t\u00eb popujve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb indogjerman\u00eb[1]<\/strong><\/a>\u201d. <\/em><\/p>\n

MAXIMILIAN LAMBERTZ
\n(Die Volkspoesie der Albaner<\/em>, 1917)<\/p>\n

I<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebr autor\u00ebt e huaj t\u00eb hersh\u00ebm q\u00eb na ka l\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb shkruar d\u00ebshmi p\u00ebr gjuh\u00ebn shqipe \u00ebsht\u00eb udh\u00ebtari gjerman nga K\u00ebllni, Arnold Ritter von Harff (Arnold von Harf, 1417-1505), i cili n\u00eb rrug\u00eb p\u00ebr n\u00eb Tok\u00ebn e Shenjt\u00eb, n\u00eb Palestin\u00eb, n\u00eb vitin 1497 kaloi n\u00eb bregdetin e Arb\u00ebris\u00eb, n\u00eb Ulqin, Durr\u00ebs e Sazan, dhe sh\u00ebnoi 26 fjal\u00eb t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs shqipe, 8 shprehje e numrat 1 deri 10 dhe numrat 100 e 1000 t\u00eb shoq\u00ebruar me p\u00ebrkthim n\u00eb gjermanisht[2]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

I dyti \u00ebsht\u00eb italiani, Nilo Katalano (Nilo Catalano), pwr shumw vite misionar shpirt\u00ebror n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, ku dhe vdiq m\u00eb 1693. Ai na la n\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb shkruar dy d\u00ebshmi t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs son\u00eb, tekstin e rapsodis\u00eb arb\u00ebreshe \u201cK\u00ebnga e Pal Golemit\u201d, e sh\u00ebnuar para vitit 1693, dhe fjalorthin n\u00eb dor\u00ebshkrim italisht \u2013 shqip dhe shqip \u2013 italisht (Lessico italiano-albanese e albanese-italiano<\/em>)[3]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Prifti italian, Francesco Mario Da Lecce, botoi m\u00eb l716 Gramatik\u00ebn e par\u00eb t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs shqipe[4]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Nga autor\u00ebt e huaj q\u00eb shfaqi disa mendime t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr gjuh\u00ebn shqipe dhe p\u00ebr popullin q\u00eb e flet k\u00ebt\u00eb gjuh\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb Leibnitz-i (Lajbnici), i cili para m\u00eb s\u00eb 300 vjet\u00ebsh theksonte afrin\u00eb e shqip\u00adtar\u00ebve me grek\u00ebt dhe italian\u00ebt dhe me pak shembuj nxiti studimin kraha\u00adsimtar t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebve t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre popujve. Ai e v\u00ebshtroi dhe historin\u00eb e popullit shqiptar brenda historive t\u00eb popujve m\u00eb t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs Juglindore.<\/p>\n

Disa nga arsyet e k\u00ebtij interesimi p\u00ebr shqip\u00adtaret, p\u00ebr kultur\u00ebn dhe p\u00ebr gjuh\u00ebn e tyre, i theksoi studiuesi suedez Johann Erich Thunmann (Joan Erih Tunman) n\u00eb vepr\u00ebn e tij t\u00eb famshme \u201cK\u00ebrkime mbi historin\u00eb e popujve t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs Lindore\u201d (Untersuchungen \u00fcber die Geschichte der \u00f6stlichen europ\u00e4ischen V\u00f6lker<\/em>[5]<\/a>) t\u00eb botuar m\u00eb 1774. N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb kapi\u00adtullit \u201c\u00dcber die Geschichte und Sprache der Albaner und der VVlachen\u201d (Mbi his\u00adtorin\u00eb dhe gjuh\u00ebn e shqiptar\u00ebve dhe t\u00eb vllah\u00ebve)[6]<\/a>, q\u00eb kap faqet 169-366, Thun\u00admanni shkruan: \u201cP\u00ebr ne evropian\u00ebt e Per\u00ebndimit, asnj\u00eb popull i pjes\u00ebs per\u00ebndi\u00admore, ku ne banojm\u00eb, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb, sa i p\u00ebrket r\u00ebnd\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb origjin\u00eb, pjes\u00ebs tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb historis\u00eb dhe gjuh\u00ebs, aq i panjohur se sa shqiptar\u00ebt dhe vllah\u00ebt. Dhe, megjithat\u00eb k\u00ebta jan\u00eb popuj kryesor\u00eb; popuj kryesor\u00eb t\u00eb lasht\u00eb e t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt \u00e7do studiues i historis\u00eb do t\u00eb duhej (d\u00ebshironte) t\u2019i njihte: historia e tyre do t\u00eb plot\u00ebsonte nj\u00eb boshll\u00ebk n\u00eb historin\u00eb e vjet\u00ebr dhe t\u00eb re evropiane[7]<\/a>\u201d.<\/p>\n

Arsyet e k\u00ebtilla dhe t\u00eb ngjashme i p\u00ebrmendin dhe autor\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb t\u00eb huaj, q\u00eb u mor\u00ebn me historin\u00eb, me gjuh\u00ebn dhe n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi me kultur\u00ebn shqiptare[8]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rrjedh\u00eb duhet p\u00ebrmendur dhe veprat me vler\u00eb \u201cMbi gjuh\u00ebn e shqiptar\u00ebve\u201d tw I. Ritter Von Xylanderit (Ksylanderit),<\/em> botuar m\u00eb 1835[9]<\/a> dhe tw Franz Bopp-it \u201c\u00dcber das Albanesische in seinen vervvandtschaftlichen Beziehungen\u201d (\u201cMbi gjuh\u00ebn shqipe n\u00eb lidhjet e afris\u00eb s\u00eb saj\u201d; u botua m\u00eb 1855) dhe \u201cZahl\u00eb\u00f6rter und Pronomina im Albanesischen\u201d (\u201cNum\u00ebror\u00ebt dhe p\u00ebremrat n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe\u201d).<\/p>\n

N\u00eb studimet e veta Bobb u b\u00ebri nj\u00eb analiz\u00eb historike, sado t\u00ebr\u00ebsore, struktur\u00ebs gramatikore dhe disa elementeve t\u00eb leksikut t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs shqipe, ku zbuloi nj\u00eb varg p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebsish t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebta t\u00eb shqipes me gjuh\u00ebt e tjera indoevropiane dhe v\u00ebrtetoi n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb pam\u00ebdysht\u00eb se ajo b\u00ebn pjes\u00eb n\u00eb familjen gjuh\u00ebsore indoevropiane.<\/p>\n

Shumica e k\u00ebtyre studiuesve u mor\u00ebn me gjuh\u00ebn shqipe brenda kulturave dhe historive t\u00eb popujve t\u00eb lasht\u00eb t\u00eb Siujdhe\u00ads\u00ebs Ballkanike, ku n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet saj (po dhe let\u00ebrsis\u00eb shqipe), ndri\u00e7uan dhe qart\u00ebsuan \u00e7\u00ebshtje t\u00eb lasht\u00ebsis\u00eb q\u00eb i cil\u00ebsonin k\u00ebto kultura, gjuh\u00ebt dhe let\u00ebrsit\u00eb e tyre. Ndodhi k\u00ebshtu p\u00ebr arsye se gjuha shqipe u hapi shtigje t\u00eb shumta p\u00ebr ndri\u00e7imin e sistemeve dhe kategorive t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebve tw tjera, q\u00eb nd\u00ebrlidheshin me gjuh\u00ebt indoevropiane, t\u00eb cilat, n\u00eb disa pik\u00eb ishin ruajtur mjaft mir\u00eb n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe.<\/p>\n

Brenda rrethit t\u00eb autor\u00ebve t\u00eb p\u00ebrmendur, dallohet sidomos Norbert Jokl[10]<\/a>, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin gjuh\u00ebtari yn\u00eb i shquar, prof. \u00c7abej, theksonte: \u201cVepra gjuh\u00ebsore e Norbert Joklit, me gjith\u00eb se me zhdukjen tragjike t\u00eb tij mbeti e pambaruar, paraqet di\u00e7ka t\u00ebr\u00ebsore n\u00eb vetvete; tematika e saj \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb e gjer\u00eb se ajo e paraardh\u00ebsve t\u00eb tij. N\u00eb fush\u00eb t\u00eb fonetik\u00ebs, p\u00ebr period\u00ebn parahistorike t\u00eb shqipes, ai hapi shtigje t\u00eb reja n\u00eb pun\u00eb t\u00eb apofonis\u00eb, si edhe n\u00eb reflekset e likuidave silabike[11]<\/a> […]<\/p>\n

Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesi gjer tani i fundit n\u00eb radh\u00ebn Miklosich-Gustav Meyer-Pedersen-Jokl, nj\u00eb radh\u00eb dijetar\u00ebsh, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt jan\u00eb marr\u00eb me gjuh\u00ebn shqipe drejtp\u00ebrdrejt dhe vazhdimisht. Jokli n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb l\u00ebm\u00eb arriti nj\u00eb mjesht\u00ebri t\u00eb madhe, solli k\u00ebtu nj\u00eb frym\u00eb t\u00eb re n\u00eb gjer\u00ebsi dhe n\u00eb metod\u00eb, dhe zgjeroi e thelloi qen\u00ebsisht (esencialisht) njohjen gjuh\u00ebsore t\u00eb shqipes. Metoda e tij del n\u00eb shesh q\u00eb me titullin e s\u00eb par\u00ebs vep\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe albanistike \u2018Studien zur albanesichen Etymologie und VVortbildung\u2019, (Studime mbi etimologjin\u00eb dhe fjal\u00ebformimin e shqipes), me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn u habilitua m\u00eb 1911 n\u00eb universitet t\u00eb Vjen\u00ebs[12]<\/a>\u201d.<\/p>\n

Duke e ndri\u00e7uar edhe m\u00eb tej pun\u00ebn cil\u00ebsore t\u00eb Joklit n\u00eb studimin e shqipes, \u00c7abej thot\u00eb: \u201cQ\u00ebllimi i k\u00ebrkimeve t\u00eb tij rreth historis\u00eb s\u00eb fjal\u00ebve \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb fort ky, q\u00eb t\u00eb mos mjaftohet vet\u00ebm me hetimin e burimit etimologjik t\u00eb nj\u00eb fjale, po t\u00eb jap\u00eb nj\u00eb pamje sa m\u00eb t\u00eb plot\u00eb t\u00eb fjal\u00ebs, t\u00eb formimit dhe t\u00eb historis\u00eb s\u00eb saj, ta ndjek\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb fjal\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha fazat e zhvillimit t\u00eb saj. N\u00eb pik\u00ebpamje stilistike kjo metod\u00eb shfaqet n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb, q\u00eb Jokli nj\u00eb paraqitjeje sistematike t\u00eb that\u00eb e parap\u00eblqen traktatin monografik, prandaj vlerat vetiake t\u00eb veprave t\u00eb Joklit jan\u00eb thell\u00ebsia dhe pushtimi i objektit nga t\u00eb gjitha an\u00ebt[13]<\/a>\u201d.<\/p>\n

Ky gjuh\u00ebtar i or\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb, nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb jet\u00ebs e kaloi n\u00eb kryeqytetin e Austris\u00eb, n\u00eb Vjen\u00eb, ku jetuan e vepruan disa nga bijt\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb shquar t\u00eb popullithebre t\u00eb qindvjetshit t\u00eb kaluar, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt dhan\u00eb nj\u00eb ndihmes\u00eb t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme n\u00eb zhvillimin e arteve e t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs q\u00eb zhvillohej n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn gjermane, sidomos n\u00eb Vjen\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00ebri nd\u00ebr shkrimtar\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb shquar, jo vet\u00ebm t\u00eb koh\u00ebs kur jetoi, Stefan Zvveig (Cvajg 1881 – 1942) n\u00eb kujtimet e tij shkruan: \u201cPik\u00ebrisht gjat\u00eb viteve t\u00eb fundit, nj\u00ebsoj si n\u00eb Spanj\u00eb para rr\u00ebnimit po aq tragjik, hebrenjt\u00eb e Vjen\u00ebs ishin b\u00ebr\u00eb shum\u00eb prodhimtar\u00eb n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e artit, sigurisht q\u00eb jo n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb hebraike, por n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet nj\u00eb harmonizimi t\u00eb mrekulluesh\u00ebm me mjedisin e tyre, duke e shprehur me forc\u00ebn me t\u00eb madhe at\u00eb \u00e7ka ishte austriake, at\u00eb \u00e7ka ishte vjeneze.<\/p>\n

Guldmarku, Gustav Maleri dhe Sh\u00ebnbergu fituan fam\u00eb bot\u00ebrore n\u00eb krijimtarin\u00eb muzikore; Oskar Shtrausi, L\u00e9o Fali dhe Kalmani b\u00ebn\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb lul\u00ebzonte s\u00ebrish tradita e valsit dhe e operet\u00ebs; Hofmanstali, Artur Shnicleri, Ber-Hofmani dhe Peter Allenbergu e ngrit\u00ebn let\u00ebrsin\u00eb vjeneze n\u00eb rangun e let\u00ebrsis\u00eb evropiane, \u00e7ka s\u2019ishte arritur dot as n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e Grilparcerit dhe t\u00eb Shtifterit; Sonentali dhe Maks Rajnhardi rikthyen n\u00eb mbar\u00eb bot\u00ebn lavdin\u00eb e qytetit t\u00eb teatrit; Frojdi dhe personalitetet e m\u00ebdha t\u00eb shkenc\u00ebs b\u00ebn\u00eb q\u00eb gjith\u00eb njer\u00ebzit t\u2019i kthenin syt\u00eb nga Universiteti me fam\u00eb t\u00eb hershme – kudo, si dijetar\u00eb, si virtuoz\u00eb, si piktor\u00eb, si regjisor\u00eb, si arkitekt\u00eb e si gazetar\u00eb, ata zun\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb padiskutueshme pozita t\u00eb larta, madje edhe pozitat m\u00eb l\u00eb larta n\u00eb jet\u00ebn shpirt\u00ebrore t\u00eb Vjen\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Me dashurin\u00eb e zjarrt\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb qytet, me d\u00ebshir\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u2019u asimiluar, ata iu p\u00ebrshtat\u00ebn plot\u00ebsisht atij mjedisi dhe ishin t\u00eb lumtur q\u00eb i sh\u00ebrbenin lavdis\u00eb s\u00eb Austris\u00eb; k\u00ebt\u00eb e ndienin si nj\u00eb mision q\u00eb donin ta kryenin para bot\u00ebs, dhe – duhet p\u00ebrs\u00ebritur p\u00ebr hir t\u00eb s\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebs – nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e mir\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos th\u00ebn\u00eb pjesa m\u00eb e madhe, e t\u00ebr\u00eb asaj q\u00eb Evropa, e t\u00ebr\u00eb asaj q\u00eb Amerika e admirojn\u00eb sot n\u00eb muzik\u00eb, n\u00eb let\u00ebrsi, n\u00eb teat\u00ebr, n\u00eb artet e aplikuara si shprehjen e nj\u00eb rilindjeje t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs vjeneze, \u00ebsht\u00eb krijuar prej hebrenjve t\u00eb Vjen\u00ebs, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt, edhe duke hequr dor\u00eb nga tiparet e veta t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta, arrit\u00ebn nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb hovit t\u00eb tyre mij\u00ebvje\u00e7ar n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn e zhvillimit shpirt\u00ebror.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb energji intelektuale q\u00eb s\u2019e kishte gjetur udh\u00ebn e vet p\u00ebr shekuj me radh\u00eb, po bashkohej k\u00ebtu me nj\u00eb tradit\u00eb paksa t\u00eb topitur, po e ushqente, po e gjall\u00ebronte, po e lart\u00ebsonte, po e freskonte me ndihm\u00ebn e nj\u00eb hovi t\u00eb ri dhe p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb veprimtarie t\u00eb palodhur e intensive; vet\u00ebm dekadat e ardhshme do t\u00eb d\u00ebshmojn\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb krimi u krye kund\u00ebr Vjen\u00ebs me orvatjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb komb\u00ebtarizuar dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb provincializuar me dhun\u00eb nj\u00eb qytet, fryma e kultura e t\u00eb cilit mb\u00ebshteteshin pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb g\u00ebrshetimin e elementeve nga m\u00eb heterogjenet, n\u00eb karakterin e tij mbikomb\u00ebtar.<\/p>\n

Gjenia e Vjen\u00ebs, gjeni me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb muzikore, ka qen\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb harmonizimi i t\u00ebr\u00eb kontrasteve etnike e gjuh\u00ebsore, dhe kultura e saj p\u00ebrb\u00ebn nj\u00eb sintez\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha kulturave per\u00ebndimore; kush jetonte e punonte aty, e ndiente veten t\u00eb lir\u00eb nga \u00e7do kufizim e paragjykim. Askund nuk ishte m\u00eb leht\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb evropian, dhe faktin q\u00eb m\u00ebsova qysh her\u00ebt ta doja iden\u00eb e bashk\u00ebsis\u00eb si iden\u00eb m\u00eb fisnike t\u00eb zemr\u00ebs sime, n\u00eb nj\u00ebfar\u00eb mase duhet t\u2019ia di p\u00ebr nder k\u00ebtij qyteti, i cili qysh n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e Mark Aurelit pati mbrojtur frym\u00ebn romake t\u00eb universalizmit[14]<\/a>\u201d.<\/p>\n

Pa asnj\u00eb dyshim se hebreu Norbert Jokli b\u00ebn nj\u00eb nga emrat m\u00eb t\u00eb shquar n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebsi, sidomos n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e albanologjis\u00eb, t\u00eb k\u00ebtij qarku krijuesish t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj, q\u00eb i pwrmend Cvajgu.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebt\u00eb e d\u00ebshmojn\u00eb nj\u00eb varg punimesh t\u00eb Joklit, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb dy veprat: \u2018Studien zur albanesichen Etymologie und VVortbildung\u2019, (Studime mbi etimologjin\u00eb dhe fjal\u00ebformimin e shqipes)[15]<\/a> dhe \u201cLinguistisch-kulturhistorische Untersuchungen aus dem Bereiche des Albanischen\u201d (K\u00ebrkime gjuh\u00ebsore-kulturhistorike nga fusha e gjuh\u00ebs shqipe, Berlin 1923)[16]<\/a>. Kjo e fundit \u00ebsht\u00eb kryevepra e tij.<\/p>\n

Studimet e Joklit n\u00eb albanistik\u00eb kan\u00eb pesh\u00eb t\u00eb shum\u00ebfisht\u00eb, qoft\u00eb ato n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e fonetik\u00ebs historike, t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktimit t\u00eb kronologjive e t\u00eb ndryshimeve fonetike t\u00eb mundshme, n\u00eb studimet e morfologjis\u00eb historike, n\u00eb historin\u00eb e fjal\u00ebve, n\u00eb etimologji, qoft\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsisht, n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e historis\u00eb s\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs. Dallohen sidomos studimet e tij p\u00ebr marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet e shqipes me gjuh\u00ebt e lasht\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe me gjuh\u00ebt fqinje t\u00eb m\u00eb vonshme, q\u00eb ruajn\u00eb vler\u00ebn e tyre edhe sot e gjith\u00eb dit\u00ebn. Nj\u00ebherit Jokli b\u00ebnte \u201c[…] kritik\u00ebn e gjithanshme nd\u00ebrtuese t\u00eb ideve t\u00eb brezave para tij dhe po ndihmonte k\u00ebshtu kalimin e studimeve albanistike n\u00eb nj\u00eb faz\u00eb t\u00eb re, me nj\u00ebzonte t\u00eb ri[17]<\/a>\u201d.<\/p>\n

II<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Puna kryesore dhe e qen\u00ebsishme e Joklit \u00ebsht\u00eb, si\u00e7 u tha, studimi i historis\u00eb s\u00eb fjal\u00ebve dhe i etimologjis\u00eb s\u00eb tyre. P\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb pune k\u00ebrkimore shkencore t\u00eb mir\u00ebfillt\u00eb, ia doli t\u2019i v\u00ebshtronte e t\u2019i ndri\u00e7onte nj\u00eb varg fjal\u00ebsh q\u00eb ishin t\u00eb burimit shqipe, e jo huazime, si\u00e7 mendonin disa nga gjuh\u00ebtar\u00ebt, midis tyre dhe Gustav Myjeri. Jokli i mb\u00ebshteti hulumtimet e veta n\u00eb parimet e l\u00ebvizjet s\u00eb njohur gjuh\u00ebsore \u201cFjal\u00ebt dhe sendet\u201d (VV\u00f6rter und Sachen\u201d, q\u00eb e themeluan Hugo Schuchardt dhe Rudolf Meringer[18]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrkund\u00ebr faktit se nj\u00eb varg gjuh\u00ebtar\u00ebsh kishin marr\u00eb n\u00eb v\u00ebshtrim \u00e7\u00ebshtje t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta t\u00eb shqipes, nd\u00ebrlidhur dhe me gjuh\u00ebt e tjera indoevropiane, kishin mbetur edhe shum\u00eb dukuri t\u00eb pa studiuara e t\u00eb pandri\u00e7uara n\u00eb form\u00ebn e duhur. K\u00ebt\u00eb gj\u00eb e theksonte dhe vet\u00eb Jokli: \u201c\u00cbsht\u2019e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb se ankimi i Pedersenit q\u00eb shqipen nuk e njohim akoma n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb plot\u00eb (K. Z. 36, 308) vlen edhe p\u00ebr sot e gjith\u00eb dit\u00ebn. Po megjithat\u00eb njohja e leksikut t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj gjuhe n\u00eb koh\u00ebt e fundit ka shkuar mjaft p\u00ebrpara.<\/p>\n

Dy fjalor\u00eb t\u00eb mb\u00ebdhenj, ai i Kristoforidhit (Athin\u00eb 1904) dhe ai q\u00eb botoi m\u00eb 1908 Shoq\u00ebnia Bashkimi n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, kan\u00eb shum\u00eb fjal\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u2019i k\u00ebrkonim m\u00eb kot n\u00eb glosar\u00ebt e gjertanish\u00ebm. N\u00eb qoft\u00eb se nga k\u00ebto dy vepra e dyta shquhet p\u00ebr nj\u00eb pasuri fjal\u00ebsh m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe, fjalori i Kristoforidhit ka k\u00ebt\u00eb dobi q\u00eb fjal\u00ebt na i paraqet n\u00eb trajt\u00ebn e tyre dialektore dhe sh\u00ebnon edhe provenienc\u00ebn e tyre – dobi kjo, q\u00eb p\u00ebr pun\u00ebn e etimologjis\u00eb ka vler\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb madhe[19]<\/a>\u201d.<\/p>\n

Shkaku kryesor i disa studimeve jo t\u00eb mir\u00ebfillta, t\u00eb pjesshme ose shkenc\u00ebrisht t\u00eb paq\u00ebndrueshme, sipas Joklit, ka qen\u00eb para s\u00eb gjithash mungesa e l\u00ebnd\u00ebs gjuh\u00ebsor, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht mungesa e burimeve t\u00eb natyrave t\u00eb ndryshme, si\u00e7 ka ndodhur, fjala vjen, me \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e huazimeve t\u00eb shqipes. Ja \u00e7far\u00eb shkruan ai: \u201cPo edhe nj\u00eb lexim i sakt\u00eb i teksteve t\u00eb mo\u00e7me na nxjerr n\u00eb shesh nj\u00eb material q\u00eb gjer m\u00eb sot kish mbetur i pazbuluar. K\u00ebshtu ne gjejm\u00eb q\u00eb te Bogdani nj\u00eb buri fjal\u00ebsh, t\u00eb cilat gjenden dhe n\u00eb fjalor\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb rinj q\u00eb p\u00ebrmend\u00ebm m\u00eb lart dhe jan\u00eb interesante p\u00ebr pun\u00eb t\u00eb etimologjis\u00eb. N\u00eb k\u00ebrkimet q\u00eb po paraqesim m\u00eb posht\u00eb autori \u00ebsht\u00eb munduar t\u00eb \u00e7fryt\u00ebzoj\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto mjete e burime q\u00eb tham\u00eb. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pun\u00eb ai formoi bindjen gjithmon\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb q\u00eb G. Meyeri ka shkuar tep\u00ebr larg n\u00eb pranimin e huazimeve[20]<\/a>\u201d.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vepr\u00ebn \u201cStudime mbi etimologjin\u00eb dhe fjal\u00ebformimin e shqipes\u201d Jokli e p\u00ebrcakton n\u00eb qen\u00ebsi dhe e b\u00ebn mir\u00ebfilli t\u00eb njohur m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e hulumtimit t\u00eb vet n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e gjuh\u00ebs shqipe: \u201cLe t\u00eb sh\u00ebnojm\u00eb edhe q\u00eb k\u00ebrkimet q\u00eb po rreshtohen n\u00eb k\u00ebto flet\u00eb trajtojn\u00eb kryesisht vet\u00ebm probleme thjesht etimologjike, dhe \u00e7\u00ebshtje t\u00eb gramatik\u00ebs rrihen aq sa hyjn\u00eb n\u00eb pun\u00ebn e shpjegimit t\u00eb fjal\u00ebve. Etimologji, t\u00eb cilat mund t\u00eb diskutohen vet\u00ebm n\u00eb kuadrin e gjer\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb pjese t\u00eb fonetik\u00ebs, i kemi shmangur pothuajse krejt dhe rezervohemi t\u2019i trajtojm\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb studim m\u00eb t\u00eb von\u00eb. P\u00ebrkundrazi, disa \u00e7\u00ebshtje t\u00eb morfologjis\u00eb jan\u00eb pothuaj gjithmon\u00eb t\u00eb pandara nga \u00e7do lloj k\u00ebrkim etimologjik[21]<\/a>\u201d.<\/p>\n

Jokli nuk e fsheh edhe cytjen dhe mb\u00ebshtetjen q\u00eb pati nga disa gjuh\u00ebtar t\u00eb shquar paraprak\u00eb ose bashk\u00ebkoh\u00ebs: \u201cD\u00ebshiroj q\u00eb ky lib\u00ebr, fryt i marrjes sime p\u00ebr koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb me gjuh\u00ebn dhe me historin\u00eb e gjuh\u00ebs shqipe, t\u00eb tregoj\u00eb n\u00eb sa shum\u00eb cytje t\u00eb miat gjuh\u00ebsore dhe t\u00eb historis\u00eb s\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjes m\u00eb kan\u00eb ndihmuar punimet e gjithanshme t\u00eb Lied\u00e9n-it![22]<\/strong><\/a>\u201d<\/p>\n

Ajo q\u00eb e dallon pun\u00ebn e Joklin n\u00eb stundimin e disa dukurive t\u00eb shqipes e t\u00eb ve\u00e7antive t\u00eb saj ishte vet\u00eb shqipja si gjuh\u00eb dhe sistem gramatikor e shpreh\u00ebs. N\u00eb Hyrje t\u00eb vepr\u00ebs s\u00eb tij kryesore \u201cK\u00ebrkime gjuh\u00ebsore-kulturhistorike nga fusha e gjuh\u00ebs shqipe\u201d ai thekson: \u201cE pra, edhe p\u00ebr shqipen duhet t\u00eb vlej\u00eb motoja q\u00eb mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e interpretimit duhet te k\u00ebrkohen n\u00eb rend t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb vet\u00eb shqipen, pastaj t\u00eb provohet n\u00eb mos fjala e shqipes ose ndonj\u00eb ve\u00e7ori gjegj\u00ebse e saj ka nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr sqarime, duhet t\u2019i shtohen nj\u00eb kategorie q\u00eb, sipas shtrirjes dhe paraqitjes, i takon vet\u00eb shqipes[23]<\/a>\u201d.<\/p>\n

Duke e sqaruar edhe m\u00eb tej m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e studimit t\u00eb dukurive t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs shqipe, n\u00eb Hyrje<\/em> Jokli thot\u00eb: \u201cMetoda q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb zbatuar n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb punim \u00ebsht\u00eb, si\u00e7 dua t\u00eb besoj un\u00eb, parakushti i domosdosh\u00ebm si p\u00ebr form\u00ebsimin e ri e fjalorit etimologjik t\u00eb shqipes ashtu edhe p\u00ebr ngritjen e nj\u00eb sistemi nominal t\u00eb temave em\u00ebrore t\u00eb shqipes. Brugmann, n\u00eb vepr\u00ebn e cituar hetonte me t\u00eb drejt\u00eb se pik\u00ebrisht tek sistemi i temave nominale shihet qart\u00eb se gramatika historike ng\u00ebrthen n\u00eb vete, nga vet\u00eb natyra e \u00e7\u00ebshtjes s\u00eb shtruar, gjith\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb duhet pasur parasysh me rastin e trajtimit leksikologjik t\u00eb l\u00ebnd\u00ebs gjuh\u00ebsore.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjidhjes s\u00eb k\u00ebsaj detyre, merren n\u00eb konsiderat\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm respektimi i p\u00ebrpikt\u00eb i holl\u00ebsive t\u00eb historis\u00eb s\u00eb fjal\u00ebs, t\u00eb fonetik\u00ebs, q\u00eb shum\u00eb shpesh rezulton pas krahasimit t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha formave dialektore, porse edhe kuptimet q\u00eb shpesh dalin n\u00eb drit\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00ebfillt\u00eb p\u00ebrmes historis\u00eb s\u00eb gj\u00ebsendit, edhe paralelet formantike jan\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb na mbrojn\u00eb nga gjykime t\u00eb gabueshme n\u00eb rrafshin e etimologjis\u00eb porse q\u00eb, n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjidhjes s\u00eb k\u00ebsaj detyre do t\u00eb inkuadrohen edhe paralelet formantike.<\/p>\n

Etimologjia, e cila niset nga trajtimi i fjal\u00ebs, \u00ebsht\u00eb, k\u00ebsisoji, nj\u00eb element i morfologjis\u00eb dhe morfologjia \u00ebsht\u00eb parakusht i etimologjis\u00eb. T\u00eb dy fushat t\u00eb zgjeruara e t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetura nga historia e gj\u00ebsendit (Sachgeschichte), q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb pra n\u00eb raport var\u00ebsie t\u00eb nd\u00ebrsjell\u00eb. – Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb pun\u00eb e nj\u00eb indoeuropeisti, e cila parashtrohet k\u00ebtu[24]<\/a>\u201d.<\/p>\n

Studimet e Joklit i cil\u00ebson nj\u00eb frym\u00eb shkencore e mir\u00ebfillt\u00eb, larg \u00e7do an\u00ebsimi t\u00eb q\u00ebllimsh\u00ebm e t\u00eb pun\u00ebs p\u00ebr sy e faqe; Ai b\u00ebn k\u00ebrkime shum\u00ebplan\u00ebshe dhe t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetura nga nj\u00eb l\u00ebnd\u00eb sa m\u00eb e pasur dhe e shum\u00ebllojshme, thellohet n\u00eb qen\u00ebsin\u00eb e rrjedh\u00ebs s\u00eb fjal\u00ebve t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta tw shqipes, pa l\u00ebn\u00eb anash format e ndrysm\u00eb t\u00eb dialekteve si dhe rrethanat n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat fjal\u00ebt p\u00ebsuan ndryshime.<\/p>\n

Ai b\u00ebn dhe krahasime me gjuh\u00ebt e popujve t\u00eb Ballkanit e m\u00eb gjer\u00eb: \u201cP\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, mbi t\u00eb gjitha, synimi im ka qen\u00eb q\u00eb gjurmimet e mia t\u00eb mb\u00ebshteten mbi studime krejt\u00ebsisht t\u00eb paanshme dhe esull e t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme duke i pasur parasysh edhe gjuh\u00ebt fqinje t\u00eb shqipes dhe huazimet, si ato latine-romane ashtu edhe ato sllave e greke. S\u00eb fundi, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb pasdore as momenti i \u201cunionit ballkanik\u201d q\u00eb p\u00ebr gjuh\u00ebsin\u00eb shqiptare duhet pasur gjithmon\u00eb parasysh. N\u00eb rrjedh\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre gjurmimeve do t\u00eb tregohet m\u00eb shum\u00eb nj\u00eb her\u00eb se si pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb shqipen disa sfera t\u00eb ndikimit gjuh\u00ebsor jan\u00eb kryq\u00ebzuar dhe bashk\u00ebshkrir\u00eb<\/em>[25]<\/a>\u201d!<\/p>\n

Pik\u00ebrisht hulumtimet shkencore t\u00eb shumanshme, ve\u00e7mas ato krahasimtare,<\/p>\n

mb\u00ebshtetura n\u00eb argumente t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme, b\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb mundur q\u00eb Jolki t\u00eb sjell\u00eb p\u00ebrfundime q\u00eb paraardh\u00ebsit e tij nuk qen\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje ta b\u00ebjn\u00eb. Kjo v\u00ebrehet nga nj\u00eb varg fjal\u00ebsh, q\u00eb ky studiues i nxori si burimore shqipe: \u201cVet\u00ebm n\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb \u00e7\u2019u tha m\u00eb sip\u00ebr v\u00ebrtetohet q\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb jo e vog\u00ebl e terminologjis\u00eb s\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00ebs s\u00eb familjes \u00ebsht\u00eb me origjin\u00eb shqipe.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrve\u00e7 fjal\u00ebs nuse, q\u00eb u p\u00ebrmend m\u00eb lart dhe fjal\u00ebs me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin kuptim re, fjal\u00ebs mbes\u00eb q\u00eb sapo u p\u00ebrmend, edhe p\u00ebrcaktor\u00ebt p\u00ebr vjeh\u00ebrr,-i dhe vjeh\u00ebrr,-a dhe dh\u00ebnd\u00ebr […] jan\u00eb pranuar fjal\u00eb t\u00eb fondit vetanak t\u00eb shqipes. Fjal\u00ebn kop\u00edl\u2019<\/em> si t\u00eb fondit autokton q\u00eb ka shtegtuar n\u00eb gjuh\u00eb t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb Ballkanit e kishte pranuar dhe K. Oshtir (si m\u00eb lart) […] dhe raporteve t\u00eb afris\u00eb q\u00eb rrjedhin prej andej bashk\u00eb edhe me faktet gjuh\u00ebsore tregojn\u00eb se martoj<\/em> duhet par\u00eb etimologjikisht si pjes\u00eb e vet\u00eb shqipes[26]<\/a>\u201d.<\/p>\n

III<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb p\u00ebrmbyllje t\u00eb k\u00ebtij punimi po p\u00ebrmend nj\u00eb let\u00ebr t\u00eb at\u00eb Gjergj Fisht\u00ebs d\u00ebrguar Fran\u00e7esko Jakomonit, m\u00ebk\u00ebmb\u00ebsit (Luogotenente) t\u00eb Ship\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e fashizmit p\u00ebr ta strehuar profesor Norbert Joklin, t\u00eb cilin e ndiqnin nazist\u00ebt p\u00ebr ta vrar\u00eb. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, letra e Fisht\u00ebs bashkohet me p\u00ebrpjekjet t\u00eb ndryshme, diplomatike dhe individale, p\u00ebr t\u00eb strehuar n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri guh\u00ebtarin e famsh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb revist\u00ebn \u201cCirka\u201d t\u00eb vitit 1939 (f. 56 \u2013 57) thuhet: \u201cN\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb ras\u00eb nuk mundemi me ndej\u00eb pa e shfaq\u00eb edhe na dishirin e urimin, q\u00eb kje tregue edhe prej ndonj\u00eb an\u00ebs tjet\u00ebr, qi Prof. Norbert Jokli, shkenc\u00ebtari albanolog me fam\u00eb botnore i Universitetit t\u00eb Vjen\u00ebs, t\u00eb merret n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim prej shtetit shqyptar\u2026Profesor Jokli, i cili sot ka mbet\u00eb pa plang, pa atdhe, duhet t\u00eb gjej\u00eb \u00e7erdhen e vet n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb Shqypni e cilla tij i detyron sa vepra vigane qi ia kan\u00eb zbulue rand\u00ebs\u00edn e bukur\u00edn e vet ditun\u00eds nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n

Nga nj\u00eb bised\u00eb e shkodranit, Kolec \u00c7efa[27]<\/a>,\u00a0me at\u00eb Justin Rrot\u00ebn, m\u00ebsohet se: \u201cKur m\u00eb 1938 filluen p\u00ebrndjekjet naziste kund\u00ebr \u00e7ifutenve n\u00eb Austri, fran\u00e7eskan\u00ebt me Fisht\u00ebn, Justinin n\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunim me Kol\u00eb Rrot\u00ebn[28]<\/a> u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebn ta t\u00ebrhiqnin Joklin n\u00eb Shqipni. Ideja e Fisht\u00ebs, n\u00eb fillim, ishte ta mbante Joklin n\u00eb Kuvendin Fran\u00e7eskan. U ba gati edhe dhoma, njashtu si u mbajt Luigj Gurakuqi n\u00eb periudha t\u00eb v\u00ebshtira t\u00eb jet\u00ebs, sidomos gjat\u00eb viteve 1921-1923. E synuen t\u2019i nxirrej n\u00ebnshtet\u00ebsia shqiptare\u201d.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb 1950, n\u00eb nj\u00eb let\u00ebr t\u00eb Kol\u00eb Rrot\u00ebs, d\u00ebrgue Justin Rrot\u00ebs, thuhet: \u201cSa p\u00ebr zhdukjen e t\u00eb ndjerit prof. Joklit n\u00eb vjetin 1942, po t\u00eb diftoj se un\u00eb at\u00ebher\u00eb jam mundue me gjith\u00eb shpirt me e shp\u00ebtue prej thojve t\u00eb nazistave. Shkurt, ky mbaroi n\u00eb Minsk, po ashtu si u ban\u00eb theror\u00eb miliona e miliona njer\u00ebzish tue u helmue me gaz\u201d.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb 23 shtator 1939 Fishta, n\u00eb em\u00ebn t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb intelektual\u00ebve shqiptar\u00eb, i d\u00ebrgon nj\u00eb let\u00ebr m\u00ebk\u00ebmb\u00ebsit t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, Fran\u00e7esko Jakomonit[29]<\/a>, me k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn q\u00eb t\u00eb gjendet mund\u00ebsia e ardhjes s\u00eb gjuh\u00ebtarit t\u00eb shquar, Norbert Joklit n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, p\u00ebr t\u2019i siguruar nj\u00eb vend pune t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme, n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me fam\u00ebn e tij. Ja teksti i plot\u00eb i letr\u00ebs:<\/p>\n

Shkod\u00ebr, 23 shtator 1939<\/em><\/p>\n

Shk\u00eblqesis\u00eb s\u00eb tij
\nFran\u00e7esko Jakomoni
\nLuogotenente<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em>Shk\u00eblqesi,<\/em><\/p>\n

Mendoj se ma i miri gjuh\u00ebtar i gjuh\u00ebs shqipe n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb, asht profesor Norbert Jokli, me komb\u00ebsi \u00e7ifute q\u00eb, para Anshlusit, ishte bibliotekar i Universitetit te Vjen\u00ebs e profesor gjuh\u00ebsie n\u00eb t\u00eb njajtin universitet.<\/em><\/p>\n

Tashti, m\u00eb shkruejn\u00eb nga Vjena, se autoritetet lokale i kan\u00eb than\u00eb k\u00ebtij albanologu t\u00eb shquem t\u00eb largohet, brenda 30 dit\u00ebsh, prej territorit t\u00eb Raihut.<\/em><\/p>\n

Ai, tashma, asht i ndrym\u00eb, beqar, me nj\u00eb fat mjaft modest. Atij, natyrisht, i duhet t\u00eb rropatet me gjet\u00eb ndonj\u00eb vend, kudo t\u00eb jet\u00eb, sa me jetue. Duket se don me shkue n\u00eb Amerik\u00eb.<\/em><\/p>\n

Shkelqesi, pa dyshim, do t\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb fatkeq\u00ebsi e madhe p\u00ebr gjuh\u00ebn komb\u00ebtare shqipe, n\u00eb qoft\u00eb se ky shkenc\u00ebtar, me fam\u00eb europiane, q\u00eb un\u00eb e njoh e q\u00eb, me autoritetin e tij t\u00eb padiskutuesh\u00ebm, ka mbajt\u00eb gjat\u00eb interesin e filolog\u00ebve ma t\u00eb p\u00ebrmendun p\u00ebr gjuh\u00ebn shqipe, t\u00eb jet\u00eb i shtr\u00ebnguem me braktis\u00eb Europ\u00ebn.<\/em><\/p>\n

Kombi shqiptar, i tani, do t\u2019ju dij\u00eb p\u00ebr nder shum\u00eb, n\u00ebse Shk\u00eblq\u00ebsia e juej t\u00eb mund t\u00eb gjej\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb ta baj\u00eb me ardh\u00eb n\u00eb Shqipni, tue i caktue aty nj\u00eb vend, edhe pse jo aq fitimprur\u00ebs, megjithat\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr fam\u00ebn e tij si shkenc\u00ebtar e gjuh\u00ebtar i shquem.<\/em><\/p>\n

Jam i sigurt\u00eb se do ta merrni n\u00eb konsiderat\u00eb dashamir\u00ebse k\u00ebt\u00eb propozim timin, q\u00eb un\u00eb e paraqes n\u00eb emen t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb intelektual\u00ebve shqiptar\u00eb.<\/em><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrfitoj nga rasti, p\u00ebr t\u2019Ju lut\u00eb t\u00eb pranoni ndjenjat e respektit ma t\u00eb madh dhe me mir\u00ebnjohje t\u00eb thell\u00eb.<\/em><\/p>\n

I Shk\u00eblqesis\u00eb suej i devo\u00e7\u00ebm e mir\u00ebnjoh\u00ebs
\n<\/em>Gjergj Fishta OFM<\/em><\/p>\n

Mjerisht, rrethanat e r\u00ebnda t\u00eb krijuara n\u00eb Vjen\u00ebn e at\u00ebhershme u p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsuan dhe nuk mund\u00ebsuan q\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbushet d\u00ebshira e Fisht\u00ebs dhe e disa intelektual\u00ebve shqiptar p\u00ebr shp\u00ebtimin e gjuh\u00ebtarit t\u00eb shquar: nazist\u00ebt e arrestuan dhe e ekzekutuan.<\/p>\n

Vrasja tragjike e Joklit ishte nj\u00eb humbje e madhe p\u00ebr albanologjin\u00eb dhe gjuh\u00ebsin\u00eb evropiane n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi. Ai kishte n\u00eb plan t\u00eb b\u00ebnte dhe nj\u00eb varg studimesh t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb qen\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr ve\u00e7antit\u00eb e gjuh\u00ebs shqipe. Kjo p\u00ebrligjet edhe nga k\u00ebto fjal\u00eb t\u00eb nx\u00ebn\u00ebsit, gjuh\u00ebtarit ton\u00eb t\u00eb madh, Eqrem \u00c7abejit: \u201cMe k\u00ebt\u00eb dijetar albanistika humbet nj\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues t\u00eb madh, at\u00eb q\u00eb e pat zgjedhur studimin e shqipes p\u00ebr mision t\u00eb jet\u00ebs s\u00eb tij. P\u00ebrtej caqeve t\u00eb dijes, edhe populli shqiptar humbet nj\u00eb burr\u00eb, i cili, duke rrahur me frym\u00eb objektive rav\u00ebn shkencore, u b\u00eb nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht dhe indirekt nj\u00eb mbrojt\u00ebs i t\u00eb drejtave tona nacionale[30]<\/a>\u201d.<\/p>\n

Prishtin\u00eb, janar 2021<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

R E F E R E N C A<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> M. Lambertz, (Die Volkspoesie der Albaner. Sarajevo 1917, f. 77.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> Shih Historia e let\u00ebrsis\u00eb shqipe I \u2013 II.<\/em> Grup autor\u00ebsh. Enti i botimeve shkollore i Republik\u00ebs socialiste t\u00eb Serbis\u00eb Reparti Prishtin\u00eb, f. 124.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> Shih G. Grispi, Memoria sull lingua albanese<\/em>. Palermo 1831, f. 5. Cituar sipas Dhimit\u00ebr Shuteriqi, Autor\u00eb dhe tekste<\/em>. Tiran\u00eb 1977, f. 42. Shih variantin e rapsodis\u00eb arb\u00ebreshe n\u00eb Anton Nik\u00eb Berisha, Antologji e poezis\u00eb gojore arb\u00ebreshe. Antologia della poesia orale arb\u00ebreshe<\/em>. Transkriptimin F. Altimari. P\u00ebrkthimin V. Belmonte. Rubbettino, Soveria Mannelli, Catanzaro 1998. Botimi i dyt\u00eb vet\u00ebm tekstet n\u00eb arb\u00ebrisht, Antologji e poezis\u00eb gojore arb\u00ebreshe. <\/em>\u201cShpresa\u201d, Kisha e Sh\u00ebn Ndout, Prishtin\u00eb 1999.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> Shih P. Vin\u00e7enc Malaj, Kuvendi i Ab\u00ebnit 1703<\/em>. P\u00ebrktheu nga italishtja Prof. Tonin Zadeja. Instituti i filozofis\u00eb dhe i sociologjis\u00eb, Prishtin\u00eb 1998, f. 101.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> Johann Erich Thunmann, Untersuchungen \u00fcber die Geschichte der \u00f6stlichen europ\u00e4ischen V\u00f6lker.<\/em> Leipzig 1774. Sidomos kapitulli \u00dcber die Geschichte und Sprache der Albaner und der VVlachen<\/em>, f. 169-366.<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> Ky kapitull i k\u00ebsaj vepre voluminoze t\u00eb J. E. Thunmannit u botua si lib\u00ebr i ve\u00e7ant\u00eb m\u00eb 1976 n\u00eb Baske Verlag t\u00eb Hamburgut.<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a> J. E. Thunmann, vep. e p\u00ebrm., f. 171.<\/p>\n

[8]<\/a> Shih m\u00eb gjer\u00ebsisht A. N. Berisha, Bibliographie deutschsprachiger Ver\u00f6ffentlichungen zur albanischen Volksdichtung<\/em> (Texte und Sekund\u00e4rliteratur) 1835-1985) n\u00eb \u201cGjurmime albanologjike. Folklor dhe etnologji\u201d, Nr. 15 Prishtin\u00eb 1986.<\/p>\n

[9]<\/a> I. Ritter von Xylander, Die Sprache der Albanesen oder Schkipetaren<\/em>. Frankfurt am Main, 1835.<\/p>\n

[10]<\/a> Norbert Jokl, i lindur m\u00eb1877 n\u00eb Bzenec t\u00eb Moravis\u00eb Jugore, studioi dhe u doktorua n\u00eb jurispondenc\u00eb. N\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 25 vje\u00e7are vazhdoi studimet e rregullta p\u00ebr gjuh\u00ebsi t\u00eb krahasuar, idoeuropiane, sllave, gjermanike dhe romane. Punoi nj\u00eb koh\u00eb n\u00eb bibliotek\u00ebn e Universitetit t\u00eb Vjen\u00ebs dhe paralelisht mbajti ligj\u00ebrata p\u00ebr gjuh\u00ebsi fino-ugriane dhe filologji sllave-baltike-shqiptare. Ishte an\u00ebtar i Akademis\u00eb s\u00eb Shkencave t\u00eb Rumanis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb Danimark\u00ebs dhe u dekorua nga mbreti Zog me urdhrin e Sk\u00ebnderbeut. Me gjith\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjet e miqve dhe koleg\u00ebve t\u00eb tij austriak\u00eb, shqiptar\u00eb e italian\u00eb p\u00ebr ta shp\u00ebtuar, N. Jokli nuk arriti t\u2019u shmangej p\u00ebrndjekjeve naziste t\u00eb hebrenjve dhe u vra n\u00eb vitin 1942.<\/p>\n

[11]<\/a> Eqrem \u00c7abej, Hyrje.<\/em> N\u00eb\u00a0 Norbert Jokl, Studime p\u00ebrmbi etimologjin\u00eb dhe fjal\u00ebformimin e shqipes, <\/em>vep. e p\u00ebrm., f. 9 \u2013 10.<\/p>\n

[12]<\/a> Eqrem \u00c7abej, Hyrje.<\/em> N\u00eb\u00a0 Norbert Jokl, Studime p\u00ebrmbi etimologjin\u00eb dhe fjal\u00ebformimin e shqipes.<\/em> P\u00ebrktheu nga origjinali gjermanisht Eqrem \u00c7abej. \u00c7abej, Tiran\u00eb 2017, f. 7.<\/p>\n

[13]<\/a> Eqrem \u00c7abej, Hyrje.<\/em> N\u00eb\u00a0 Norbert Jokl, Studime p\u00ebrmbi etimologjin\u00eb dhe fjal\u00ebformimin e shqipes.<\/em> P\u00ebrktheu nga origjinali gjermanisht Eqrem \u00c7abej. \u00c7abej, Tiran\u00eb 2017, f. 7 \u2013 8.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb ky punim i \u00c7abejit u botua n\u00eb gazet\u00ebn \u201cMsuesi\u201d m\u00eb 25 tetor 1972 me titullin \u201cN\u00eb tridhjet\u00ebvjetorin e vdekjes s\u00eb Norbert Joklit.<\/p>\n

[14]<\/a> Stefan Zvveig, Bota e djeshme. Kujtime t\u00eb nj\u00eb evropiani. <\/em>E p\u00ebrktheu nga origjinali Aristidh Ristani. Botimet \u201cSantori\u201d, Tiran\u00eb 2012, f. 33 \u2013 34.<\/p>\n

[15]<\/a> Norbert Jokl, Studime p\u00ebrmbi etimologjin\u00eb dhe fjal\u00ebformimin e shqipes.<\/em> P\u00ebrktheu nga origjinali gjermanisht Eqrem \u00c7abej. \u00c7abej, Tiran\u00eb 2017.<\/p>\n

[16]<\/a> Norbert Jokl, K\u00ebrkime gjuh\u00ebsore-kulturhistorike nga fusha e gjuh\u00ebs shqipe & <\/em>Linguistisch-kulturhistorische Untersuchungen aus dem Bereiche des Albanischen<\/em>. Akademia e shkencave dhe e arteve t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs. Botime t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta Libri 63, Prishtin\u00eb 2018.<\/p>\n

[17]<\/a> Rexhep Ismajli, Kryevepra e Norbert Joklit. <\/em>N\u00eb Norbert Jokl, K\u00ebrkime gjuh\u00ebsore-kulturhistorike nga fusha e gjuh\u00ebs shqipe & <\/em>Linguistisch-kulturhistorische Untersuchungen aus dem Bereiche des Albanischen<\/em>. Akademia e shkencave dhe e arteve t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs. Botime t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta Libri 63, Prishtin\u00eb 2018, f. 12.<\/p>\n

[18]<\/a> Anila Omari, Parath\u00ebnie.<\/em> N\u00eb\u00a0 Norbert Jokl, Studime p\u00ebrmbi etimologjin\u00eb dhe fjal\u00ebformimin e shqipes, <\/em>vep. e p\u00ebrm., f. 15.<\/p>\n

[19]<\/a> Norbert Jokl, Studime p\u00ebrmbi etimologjin\u00eb dhe fjal\u00ebformimin e shqipes.<\/em> P\u00ebrktheu nga origjinali gjermanisht Eqrem \u00c7abej. \u00c7abej, Tiran\u00eb 2017, f. 21.<\/p>\n

[20]<\/a> Norbert Jokl, Studime p\u00ebrmbi etimologjin\u00eb dhe fjal\u00ebformimin e shqipes, <\/em>vep. e p\u00ebrm., f. 22.<\/p>\n

[21]<\/a> Norbert Jokl, Studime p\u00ebrmbi etimologjin\u00eb dhe fjal\u00ebformimin e shqipes, <\/em>vep. e p\u00ebrm., f. 22.<\/p>\n

[22]<\/a> Norbert Jokl, Parath\u00ebnie.<\/em> N\u00eb \u201cK\u00ebrkime gjuh\u00ebsore-kulturhistorike nga fusha e gjuh\u00ebs shqipe & Linguistisch-kulturhistorische Untersuchungen aus dem Bereiche des Albanischen\u201d. Akademia e shkencave dhe e arteve t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs. Botime t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta Libri 63, Prishtin\u00eb 2018, f. 20.<\/p>\n

[23]<\/a> Jokl, Hyrje.<\/em> N\u00eb \u201cK\u00ebrkime gjuh\u00ebsore-kulturhistorike nga fusha e gjuh\u00ebs shqipe & Linguistisch-kulturhistorische Untersuchungen aus dem Bereiche des Albanischen. Vep. e p\u00ebrm-., f. 21 \u2013 22.<\/p>\n

[24]<\/a> Jokl, Hyrje.<\/em> N\u00eb \u201cK\u00ebrkime gjuh\u00ebsore-kulturhistorike nga fusha e gjuh\u00ebs shqipe & Linguistisch-kulturhistorische Untersuchungen aus dem Bereiche des Albanischen\u201d, vep. e p\u00ebrm., f. 22.<\/p>\n

[25]<\/a> Jokl, Hyrje.<\/em> N\u00eb \u201cK\u00ebrkime gjuh\u00ebsore-kulturhistorike nga fusha e gjuh\u00ebs shqipe & Linguistisch-kulturhistorische Untersuchungen aus dem Bereiche des Albanischen\u201d, vep. e p\u00ebrm., f. 23.<\/p>\n

[26]<\/a> Jokl, Hyrje.<\/em> N\u00eb \u201cK\u00ebrkime gjuh\u00ebsore-kulturhistorike nga fusha e gjuh\u00ebs shqipe & Linguistisch-kulturhistorische Untersuchungen aus dem Bereiche des Albanischen\u201d, vep. e p\u00ebrm., f. 34.<\/p>\n

[27]<\/a> Shih Kolec \u00c7efa, Nj\u00eb let\u00ebr e pabotueme e Fisht\u00ebs n\u00eb mbrotje t\u00eb Joklit<\/em>. 25 gusht 2003, Trep\u00e7a net.<\/p>\n

[28]<\/a> Ish konsull i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb Vjen\u00eb dhe lektor n\u00eb Universitetet.<\/p>\n

[29]<\/a> Francesco Jacomoni, markez nga San Savino (Rexho Kalabria<\/a>,\u00a031 gusht<\/a>\u00a01893<\/a>,\u00a0Rom\u00eb<\/a>,\u00a0shkurt <\/a>1973<\/a>), ishte diplomat italian, i cili gjat\u00eb koh\u00ebs s\u00eb pushtimit fashist nga Italia, nga 1939 deri m\u00eb 1943, ishte m\u00ebk\u00ebmb\u00ebs i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm (Luogotenente gjenerale) n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri.<\/p>\n

[30]<\/a> Eqrem \u00c7abej, Hyrje.<\/em> N\u00eb\u00a0 Norbert Jokl, Studime p\u00ebrmbi etimologjin\u00eb dhe fjal\u00ebformimin e shqipes, <\/em>vep. e p\u00ebrm., f. 13.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Anton Nik\u00eb Berisha \u201cSot p\u00ebr sot po e jap fjal\u00ebn e shpres\u00ebs, q\u00eb n\u00ebse edhe nj\u00eb her\u00eb bota do ta fitoj\u00eb lirin\u00eb, nga qen\u00ebsia e popullit shqiptar, ku ruhen aq thesare t\u00eb lashta e t\u00eb bukura, n\u00eb k\u00ebng\u00eb dhe n\u00eb p\u00ebrralla, n\u00eb goj\u00ebdh\u00ebna e n\u00eb besime popullore, shkenca do t\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb po ashtu njohuri t\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":63876,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-63874","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-artikuj","category-histori"],"yoast_head":"\nNORBERT JOKLI \u2013 I HAPI SHTIGJE T\u00cb REJA STUDIMIT T\u00cb GJUH\u00cbSIS\u00cb SHQIPTARE - FJALA e LIR\u00cb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/norbert-jokli-i-hapi-shtigje-te-reja-studimit-te-gjuhesise-shqiptare\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"NORBERT JOKLI \u2013 I HAPI SHTIGJE T\u00cb REJA STUDIMIT T\u00cb GJUH\u00cbSIS\u00cb SHQIPTARE - 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