{"id":64992,"date":"2021-02-27T05:52:36","date_gmt":"2021-02-27T04:52:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fjala.info\/?p=64992"},"modified":"2021-02-27T06:05:37","modified_gmt":"2021-02-27T05:05:37","slug":"tre-arkitekte-gjeniale-shqiptare-te-permasave-boterore","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/tre-arkitekte-gjeniale-shqiptare-te-permasave-boterore\/","title":{"rendered":"TRE ARKITEKT\u00cb GJENIAL\u00cb SHQIPTAR\u00cb T\u00cb P\u00cbRMASAVE BOT\u00cbRORE"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hekurudha n\u00eb Semmering t\u00eb Austris\u00eb, vep\u00ebr e Karl Geg\u00ebs<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\" Edhe n\u00eb l\u00ebmin e arkitektur\u00ebs, krijuesit shqiptar\u00eb kan\u00eb d\u00ebshmuar, me veprat e tyre n\u00ebp\u00ebr bot\u00eb, se jan\u00eb personalitete gjeniale, duke mbetur veprat e tyre sh\u00ebmb\u00eblles\u00eb e jasht\u00ebzakonshme e aft\u00ebsis\u00eb krijuese si dhe e vlerave estetike tejkohore.<\/em><\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebr t\u00eb till\u00ebt do radhitur Arkitekt Sinanin, q\u00eb jetoi e veproi n\u00eb Perandorin\u00eb Osmane, arkitekt\u00a0 Mehmet Isain, i cili veproi n\u00eb Indi si dhe arkitekti\u00a0 Karl Gega, i cili jetoi e veproi n\u00eb Austri. Veprat e tyre jan\u00eb ngrehina q\u00eb edhe pas kaq vitesh e shekujsh, l\u00ebn\u00eb goj\u00ebhapur vizitor\u00ebt e rastit si dhe habisin p\u00ebr aft\u00ebsit\u00eb krijuese t\u00eb nj\u00ebhershme studiuesit e ndrysh\u00ebm t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj lloj arti. <\/em><\/p>\n

Nga Sinan GASHI<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. ARKITEKTI MIMAR SINANI<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \"\" ARKITEKT SINANI<\/strong><\/p>\n

    (Mimar Sinan Atiq Aga)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    (1490 \u2013 1588)<\/em><\/p>\n

    Nj\u00eb nga ata artist\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj t\u00eb historis\u00eb s\u00eb p\u00ebrbotshme, q\u00eb u \u201cshp\u00ebrblyen\u201d me sakatosje fizike p\u00ebr madh\u00ebshtin\u00eb artistike t\u00eb materializuar, \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe Mimar Sinan Atiq Aga,[1]<\/a> em\u00ebrtim ky n\u00eb kryeqytetin e Perandoris\u00eb Osmane, ku e shpuri fati.<\/p>\n

    N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb arkitekt Sinani s\u2019ka dyshim se ishte nga fara jon\u00eb shqiptare, dhe se kishte nj\u00eb\u00a0 aft\u00ebsi t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme e dhunti krijuese n\u00eb arkitektur\u00eb. T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e mir\u00ebfillta p\u00ebr jet\u00ebn e tij i ka \u201cngr\u00ebn\u00eb\u201d koha, por sh\u00ebnimet e disa d\u00ebshmive si n\u00eb enciklopedit\u00eb dhe veprat e udh\u00ebp\u00ebrshkruesve t\u00eb koh\u00ebs, ndri\u00e7ojn\u00eb di\u00e7.<\/p>\n

    Dihet se kishte origjin\u00eb nga Qesarati i Tepelen\u00ebs. Po ashtu dihet e dh\u00ebna se Sulltani kishte sjell\u00eb n\u00eb kryeqytetin\u00a0 e Perandoris\u00eb, n\u00eb Stamboll, jeni\u00e7er\u00eb t\u00eb rinj, nga t\u00eb cil\u00ebt pastaj dilnin personalitete t\u00eb shquara, me aft\u00ebsi t\u00eb rralla, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nuk ktheheshin m\u00eb\u00a0 asnj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb vendlindjen prej nga ishin grabitur. Nd\u00ebr t\u00eb till\u00ebt duhej t\u00eb ishte edhe Sinani, q\u00eb njihej fillimisht me emrin Kristodullo. Kjo pra ishte koha e Sulltan Mehmetit II. P\u00ebr aft\u00ebsit\u00eb e tij mjesht\u00ebrore Sinani vendoset n\u00eb krye t\u00eb grupit nd\u00ebrtues-projektues i Perandoris\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb vepra t\u00eb bukura, t\u00eb domosdoshme p\u00ebr koh\u00ebn, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat derdhte nj\u00eb pasuri t\u00eb shpirtit artistik, p\u00ebr t\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb monumente q\u00eb nuk mund t\u2019i skajojn\u00eb shekujt p\u00ebr nga vlerat artistike.<\/p>\n

    Ajo q\u00eb i dha em\u00ebr personalitetit e artistit t\u00eb p\u00ebrjet\u00ebsis\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimi i nj\u00eb faltoreje xhamie, sipas k\u00ebrkesave t\u00eb sulltanit, madje mbi themelet e ish-kish\u00ebs s\u00eb apostujve, ku ishte varrosur edhe perandori bizantin Justinjani (525 \u2013 565), q\u00eb njihej si ligjv\u00ebn\u00ebs, i cili ishte me preiardhje nga Kosova.<\/p>\n

    \"\"Xhamia e Selimit n\u00eb Stamboll, nj\u00eb nga veprat e Arkitek Sinani<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    Ajo n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb ishte xhamia e par\u00eb n\u00eb Stamboll, nisur n\u00eb vitin 1463 p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrfunduar nd\u00ebrtimi vet\u00ebm tet\u00eb vjet m\u00eb pas. Arkitekt Sinani ishte krymjesht\u00ebr, i cili jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb nd\u00ebrtoi nj\u00eb bukuri p\u00ebr shikimin, por aty varg\u00ebzoi nj\u00eb kompleks t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb me objekte ndihm\u00ebse, shkolla, banesa p\u00ebr student\u00eb, spital, bujtin\u00eb, gjelltore, hamam e t\u00eb tjera. Kjo vep\u00ebr ishte e kompletuar edhe me tyrben (mauzoleun) p\u00ebr sullta – nin dhe t\u00eb shoqen, q\u00eb ishte edhe ai me preiardhje shqiptare, e cila kishte nj\u00eb organizim t\u00eb shk\u00eblqyer, q\u00eb vizitor\u00ebt e huaj e cil\u00ebsonin vepr\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb bukur t\u00eb Stambollit, si do t\u00eb shprehej edhe udh\u00ebp\u00ebrshkruesi francez Nicolas d\u00eb Nicolay m\u00eb 1540.<\/p>\n

    K\u00ebt\u00eb pasuri vlerash arkitekturale, si duket, Sinani e kishte sjell\u00eb nga nj\u00eb tradit\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimore e vendlindjes s\u00eb tij, pasi q\u00eb ata njiheshin edhe m\u00eb her\u00ebt si mjesht\u00ebr n\u00eb z\u00eb. Nga nj\u00eb t\u00ebrmet q\u00eb p\u00ebsoi vendi ky objekt ishte shkat\u00ebrruar n\u00eb mas\u00eb, por mbeti modeli i rind\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb Xhamis\u00eb Blu, b\u00ebr\u00eb po nga nj\u00eb arkitekt tjet\u00ebr shqiptar nga Elbasani, Mehmet Sedef\u00e7ari.<\/p>\n

    Por, ta themi tragjik\u00ebn finale t\u00eb jet\u00ebs s\u00eb k\u00ebtij arkitekti t\u00eb nj\u00ebhersh\u00ebm. Si edhe rasteve t\u00eb tjera, si mod\u00eb e koh\u00ebs, Sulltani edhe k\u00ebtij ia pret dy duart, p\u00ebr dy shtylla m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebta q\u00eb i kishte l\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb xhami, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht q\u00eb t\u00eb mos jet\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtoj\u00eb m\u00eb k\u00ebso vepre t\u00eb bukur. Jeta e tij mbaroi me dhembje, i sakatosur, i burgosur dhe s\u00eb fundi i vrar\u00eb.<\/p>\n

    Sa p\u00ebr p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsin\u00eb shqiptare t\u00eb tij d\u00ebshmojn\u00eb disa studiues t\u00eb asaj kohe dhe p\u00ebr at\u00eb koh\u00eb, si Dhimit\u00ebr Kantemiri nga Moldavia, edhe ky me prejardhje shqiptare, n\u00eb vepr\u00ebn \u201cHistoria e Perandoris\u00eb Osmane\u201d. Madje edhe studiuesit turq Syrja Bej si dhe Abdurrahman Sherif Bej, i pari me nj\u00eb punim botuar n\u00eb Paris m\u00eb 1919, kurse i dyti me nj\u00eb vep\u00ebr publikuar n\u00eb Bukuresht m\u00eb 1976.<\/p>\n

    Vet\u00ebm dit\u00ebvdekja, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht dit\u00ebvrasja \u00ebsht\u00eb e sakt\u00eb, e sh\u00ebnuar n\u00eb rras\u00ebn e varrit t\u00eb tij, 1588.<\/p>\n

    Arkitekt Sinani kishte projektuar rreth 400 vepra, nd\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat 81 xhami, 50 mesxhide, 55 medrese, 26 biblioteka, 19 tyrbe, 15 imarete (internate), 3 spitale, 7 uj\u00ebsjell\u00ebs, 8 ura, 33 saraje (pallate), 33 hamame, e tjera.<\/p>\n

    K\u00ebsaj radhe do th\u00ebn\u00eb se jo vet\u00ebm veprat monumentale, por edhe ato q\u00eb ishin n\u00eb shtrirje t\u00eb gjer\u00eb hap\u00ebsinore, ishin punuar nga duar shqiptare n\u00eb Stamboll, t\u00eb cilat ishin kusht\u00ebzim i viteve shfaros\u00ebse, kur rob\u00ebtoheshin p\u00ebr zbukurimin e jet\u00ebs s\u00eb sundimtar\u00ebve t\u00eb tyre. Kjo nuk manifestohej vet\u00ebm n\u00eb nj\u00eb lloj arti, por edhe krijuesit letrar\u00eb, ata t\u00eb muzik\u00ebs, t\u00eb piktur\u00ebs etj., ishin n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimin e nj\u00ebjt\u00eb. Te veprat e arkitekt Sinanit ishte t\u00eb harmonizuara mjeshtria e form\u00ebs s\u00eb eksterierit dhe t\u00eb enterierit, si dhe funksionaliteti i objekteve p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbime publike. Mbi t\u00eb gjitha ato vepra mbeten pasuri e kultur\u00ebs bot\u00ebrore, shpesh p\u00ebr nuanca t\u00eb patejkalueshme.<\/p>\n

    Enciklopedit\u00eb e shumta t\u00eb bot\u00ebs japin t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb ndryshme p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb personalitet shqiptar, duke e cil\u00ebsuar me komb\u00ebsi turke, e me nj\u00eb her\u00eb jeta e tij merr form\u00eb legjende t\u00eb rr\u00ebfimit, por fijet e s\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebs hepohen nga ndri\u00e7imi i fakteve, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt duhet korrigjuar gjithkund.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. ARKITEKTI MEHMET ISAI<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \"\"MEHMET ISAI<\/strong><\/p>\n

      (Ustad Isa Muhammad Effendi)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

      Edhe pse nga larg\u00ebsia kohore shpesh faktet mbulohen me pluhurin e legjend\u00ebs, megjithat\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb fakt i pamohuesh\u00ebm se arkitekti kryesor n\u00eb realizimin e projektit dhe vet\u00eb projektimin e nj\u00ebr\u00ebs nga shtat\u00eb mrekullive t\u00eb bot\u00ebs, Taxh Mehallit n\u00eb Agra t\u00eb Indis\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shqiptar nga Opari i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, Mehmet Isai,[2]<\/a> i njohur edhe me epitetet \u201custa\u201d (mjesht\u00ebr) q\u00eb p\u00ebrcakton profesionin e tij.<\/p>\n

      Ngjarja e shek. XV ishte ajo kur sundimtari shah Xhahani, pasi rr\u00ebzoi t\u2019atin nga posti dhe mori vet\u00eb fronin n\u00eb duar, sipas zakonit, ai kishte tubuar n\u00eb oborrin e vet artist\u00eb profilesh t\u00eb ndryshme. Nj\u00eb cil\u00ebsi e tij ishte ajo se interesohej shum\u00eb p\u00ebr bukurin\u00eb arkitekturale. Por vepra q\u00eb la nam ishte si rezultat i dhembjes s\u00eb thell\u00eb q\u00eb i shkaktoi humbja e s\u00eb shoqes. P\u00ebr p\u00ebrjet\u00ebsimin e kujtimit p\u00ebr t\u00eb, mendoi t\u00eb ngris\u00eb nj\u00eb d\u00ebshmi monumentale, p\u00ebr \u00e7ka ftoi arkitekt\u00eb n\u00eb z\u00eb p\u00ebr koh\u00ebn. Aty e solli ky interes edhe arkitektin ton\u00eb Mehmet Isan\u00eb, s\u00eb bashku me mjesht\u00ebr t\u00eb tjer\u00eb shqiptar\u00eb.<\/p>\n

      Pas konkurrimit me projekte t\u00eb t\u00eb shumt\u00ebve p\u00ebrzgjidhet ai i Mehmet Isait, i cili kishte ushtruar profesionin e mjeshtrit nd\u00ebrtimtar edhe n\u00eb Stamboll. Puna zgjati shum\u00eb koh\u00eb, afro 20 vjet me radh\u00eb, me pun\u00ebtor\u00eb t\u00eb shumt\u00eb (afro 20.000 veta), profilesh t\u00eb ndryshme dhe me material t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrzgjedhur.<\/p>\n

      P\u00ebr bukurin\u00eb dhe madh\u00ebshtin\u00eb e k\u00ebsaj vepre t\u00eb rrall\u00eb arktekturale ja \u00e7far\u00eb thot\u00eb studiuesi i p\u00ebrkushtuar prof. Ramadan Sokoli: “Kryemjeshtri gjenial i k\u00ebsaj vepre ekletike ka ditur t\u00eb ujdis\u00eb p\u00ebrvojat dhe stile t\u00eb mjesht\u00ebrve t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm, bashk\u00ebpun\u00ebtor\u00ebve n\u00eb nj\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsi t\u00eb harmonishme. E me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb duke soditur pamjen e Taxh Mahallit t\u00eb pushton nj\u00eb mbres\u00eb harmonie dhe qet\u00ebsie; ajo nd\u00ebrtes\u00eb mermeri, q\u00eb zbardh\u00ebllen midis qiparisave t\u00eb lulishtes, ka di\u00e7ka t\u00eb mahnitshme, n\u00eb p\u00ebrpjes\u00ebtimet sqimatare t\u00eb vijave nga baza e saj deri te maja e kubes\u00eb qendrore\u2026<\/p>\n

      Vlerat artistike t\u00eb Taxh Mahallit nuk q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb vet\u00ebm n\u00eb drejtpeshimin e p\u00ebrmasave t\u00eb harmonishme, apo n\u00eb hijeshin\u00eb dhe begatin\u00eb e zbukurimeve, por q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht n\u00eb mjesht\u00ebrin\u00eb e p\u00ebrsosur t\u00eb realizimit dhe n\u00eb unitetin e mendimeve; aty jan\u00eb shkrir\u00eb m\u00eb s\u00eb miri p\u00ebrvoja e lart\u00eb shkencore me prirjen artistike dhe me frym\u00ebzimin poetik”.<\/p>\n

      \"\"Taxh Mahalli n\u00eb Agra t\u00eb Indis\u00eb, vep\u00ebr e Mehmet Isait<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

      Sa p\u00ebr p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsin\u00eb komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb k\u00ebtij arkitekti t\u00eb rrall\u00eb, sado q\u00eb d\u00ebshira e t\u00eb shumt\u00ebve p\u00ebr p\u00ebrvet\u00ebsimin komb\u00ebtar si njeri t\u00eb nj\u00ebhersh\u00ebm me fam\u00eb t\u00eb atyre viteve, duke th\u00ebn\u00eb se \u00ebsht\u00eb her\u00eb indian, her\u00eb turk, her\u00eb persian ose italian e t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, n\u00eb nj\u00eb dokument zyrtar n\u00eb arkivat e Stambollit jepet e dh\u00ebna e p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsis\u00eb komb\u00ebtare e tij, pra shqiptare.<\/p>\n

      Taxh Mahalli, vepra q\u00eb e p\u00ebrmendem, \u00ebsht\u00eb e fundit nd\u00ebr ato q\u00eb ende nuk i dim\u00eb, ngase, si shp\u00ebrblim p\u00ebr madh\u00ebshtin\u00eb e b\u00ebr\u00eb, sundimtari katil ia kishte “dhuruar” burgun dhe verbimin, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb mos mund t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtoj\u00eb objekt m\u00eb t\u00eb bukur askund, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin gj\u00eb e shprehu mund\u00ebsin\u00eb arkitekti i sinqert\u00eb n\u00eb fatkeq\u00ebsin\u00eb e fatit t\u00eb vet.<\/p>\n

      Jo nj\u00ebher\u00eb ndodh q\u00eb “bukuria ta ket\u00eb t\u00eb zez\u00ebn e vet”, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht t\u00eb d\u00ebnohen n\u00eb vend q\u00eb t\u00eb shp\u00ebrblehen mendimtar\u00ebt, artist\u00ebt e njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb krijojn\u00eb t\u00eb bukur\u00ebn dhe vij\u00ebzojn\u00eb ardhshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e d\u00ebshiruar t\u00eb njer\u00ebzimit, nga sundimtar\u00ebt e udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit katil\u00eb.<\/p>\n

      K\u00ebto fate, zakonisht, i p\u00ebrjetojn\u00eb ata q\u00eb modestin\u00eb e v\u00ebn\u00eb p\u00ebrball\u00eb gjith\u00e7kahes, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht ata q\u00eb jet\u00ebn dhe krijimtarin\u00eb e kan\u00eb ideal, p\u00ebrditshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e kan\u00eb me shikimin nga ardhshm\u00ebria; kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb jeta reale e tyre dhe vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr at\u00eb frymojn\u00eb.<\/p>\n

      Ajo q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe m\u00eb tragjikja, n\u00eb rastin konkret, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb ve\u00e7 p\u00ebrmbyllja e dhimbshme e nj\u00eb jete, e nj\u00eb qenje – art, por ajo e fshehjes s\u00eb autor\u00ebsis\u00eb, ngase k\u00ebt\u00eb vep\u00ebr e vizitojn\u00eb me mija pelegrin\u00eb, k\u00ebnaqen dhe habiten me rrezatimin himnizues artistik, pa emrin e autorit, q\u00eb do duhej ta kishte t\u00eb evidencuar, sikurse edhe sh\u00ebnimet tjera p\u00ebr t\u00eb.<\/p>\n

      Sido q\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb, veprat e m\u00ebdha, q\u00eb i p\u00ebrkasin pastaj t\u00ebr\u00eb njer\u00ebzimit, jan\u00eb pron\u00eb e brezave, t\u00eb cilat edhe n\u00eb anonimitetin zyrtar e lakmojn\u00eb dhe e nderojn\u00eb.<\/p>\n

      Aq shum\u00eb vepra studimore q\u00eb jan\u00eb shkruar p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb vep\u00ebr arkitekturale, si edhe t\u00eb gjitha encipedit\u00eb e bot\u00ebs e sh\u00ebnojn\u00eb\u00a0 emrin e arkitektit, por t\u00eb mang\u00ebt dhe t\u00eb shtremb\u00ebruar. \u00cbsht\u00eb koha q\u00eb nj\u00eb her\u00eb e p\u00ebrgjithmon\u00eb t\u00eb sh\u00ebnohet e v\u00ebrteta p\u00ebr p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsin\u00eb komb\u00ebtare dhe tragjizmin e p\u00ebrjetimit final t\u00eb Mehmet Isait, arkitektit nga Opari.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. ARKITEKTI KARL GEGA<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \"\"<\/p>\n

        KARL\u00a0GEGA<\/strong><\/p>\n

        (Carl Ritter von Ghega)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

        (1802 – 1860)<\/em><\/p>\n

        Nd\u00ebr ato personalitete q\u00eb i mbuloi pluhuri i historis\u00eb, edhe si vlera t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme e edhe si p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsi komb\u00ebtare shqiptare, \u00ebsht\u00eb inxhineri – arkitekt i hekurudhave t\u00eb Austris\u00eb, Karl Bit\u00ebr Gega.[3]<\/a><\/p>\n

        U lind m\u00eb 10 janar 1802 (1800) n\u00eb Venedik (Venecia) t\u00eb Italis\u00eb, nga nj\u00eb familje shqiptare, m\u00ebrguar q\u00eb her\u00ebt n\u00eb Perast af\u00ebr Kotorrit n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi, nga Veriu i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, pas r\u00ebnies s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00ebn sundimin turk, m\u00eb 1479. P\u00ebr aft\u00ebsi intelektuale e shkatht\u00ebsi profesionale, st\u00ebrgjyshi dhe gjyshi i tij kishin sh\u00ebrbyer oficer\u00eb n\u00eb marin\u00ebn e Republik\u00ebs s\u00eb Venedikut, kurse m\u00eb von\u00eb, i ati kryente pun\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb n\u00ebpun\u00ebsi po n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimin e marin\u00ebs luftarake.<\/p>\n

        Q\u00eb kur ishte nx\u00ebn\u00ebs i fillores Karl Gega u dallua p\u00ebr men\u00e7uri, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb vizatim dhe matematik\u00eb. Pastaj shkollimin e vazhdoi n\u00eb kolegj p\u00ebr filozofi dhe matematik\u00eb, kurse studimet i regjistroi n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 15 -vje\u00e7are n\u00eb Universitetin e Padov\u00ebs, kur do t\u00eb diplomohet n\u00eb deg\u00ebn e inxhinieris\u00eb. N\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 17 \u2013 vje\u00e7are i \u00ebsht\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb titulli doktor i matematik\u00ebs. Edhe m\u00eb pastaj ai nuk i shqitej studimit, tashti n\u00eb l\u00ebmin e arkitektur\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

        Ajo q\u00eb e cil\u00ebson k\u00ebt\u00eb personalitet t\u00eb s\u00eb ardhmes, ve\u00e7 tjerash, \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe dh\u00ebnia e grad\u00ebs s\u00eb doktorit n\u00eb matematik\u00eb, q\u00eb n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn shtat\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7are, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht m\u00eb l8l9.<\/p>\n

        Punoi nj\u00eb koh\u00eb n\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarrjen e rrug\u00ebve n\u00eb Venedik, krahin\u00eb kjo q\u00eb p\u00ebr koh\u00ebn ishte n\u00ebn administrimin e Perandoris\u00eb Austriake. Pas d\u00ebshmi – mit me disa vepra q\u00eb vler\u00ebsohen lart, transferohet n\u00eb Trevizos, m\u00eb 1824, e m\u00eb pastaj em\u00ebrohet inxhinier kryesor n\u00eb Italin\u00eb e Veriut, q\u00eb p\u00ebr koh\u00ebn ishte Austri. Projekte t\u00eb shumta kreu gjat\u00eb asaj kohe, si: ura, godina, disa rrug\u00eb, p\u00ebr \u00e7ka merr l\u00ebvdata t\u00eb shpeshta.<\/p>\n

        Kur m\u00eb 1836 Austria do t\u00eb nis\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimin e nj\u00eb hekurudhe p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb, inxhinierit Karl Gega iu besua hartimi i projektit. Ky mision i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm ia mund\u00ebsoi vizitat me karakter t\u00eb p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebs profesio – nale n\u00eb Gjermani, n\u00eb Franc\u00eb, n\u00eb Shtetet e Bashkuara t\u00eb Amerik\u00ebs, n\u00eb Belgjik\u00eb dhe n\u00eb Angli. Sa kthehet n\u00eb Vjen\u00eb, qeveria e cakton p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs p\u00ebr realizimin e hekurudh\u00ebs Radenburg – Brun.<\/p>\n

        Ai n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha pun\u00ebt e besuara tregon aft\u00ebsi e sakt\u00ebsi realizimi. Tashti nis t\u00eb merret me urat dhe rrug\u00ebt malore n\u00eb Tiroli. P\u00ebr detyrat e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme q\u00eb i besohen n\u00eb vijim\u00ebsi, ai d\u00ebrgohet edhe n\u00eb Amerik\u00ebn Veriore, p\u00ebr p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb n\u00eb hekurudha.<\/p>\n

        \u00cbsht\u00eb kurioze t\u00eb thuhet se n\u00eb p\u00ebrurimin e linj\u00ebs p\u00ebr Grac, n\u00eb tetor t\u00eb vitit 1844,\u00a0 inxhinier Gega drejtoi vet\u00eb lokomotiv\u00ebn.<\/p>\n

        Kulminantja e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb tij ishte projektimi e realizi – mi i hekurudh\u00ebs s\u00eb Zemmeringut, i cili realizim u zhagit p\u00ebr kat\u00ebr vjet. Domosdoshm\u00ebria e fillimit t\u00eb punimeve ishte nj\u00eb kusht\u00ebzim edhe i natyr\u00ebs politi – ke, ngase nga papun\u00ebsia e madhe, nis\u00ebn trazirat. Inxhinier Gega ishte kryeinspektor n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb nd\u00ebrtim, ku mor\u00ebn pjes\u00eb m\u00eb se 20.000 pun\u00ebtor\u00eb profilesh t\u00eb ndryshme. Kjo ishte nj\u00eb vep\u00ebr q\u00eb p\u00ebr autorin e saj krijonte shqet\u00ebsime kulminante, ngase kund\u00ebrshton -te t\u00eb arriturat e deriat\u00ebhershme n\u00eb terrene t\u00eb tilla t\u00eb pjerr\u00ebta malore.<\/p>\n

        K\u00ebshtu, n\u00eb terren tejet t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb, po kryhej nj\u00eb pun\u00eb me mjete gjys\u00ebm primitive, q\u00eb shkaktonte aksidente t\u00eb shpeshta. Pavar\u00ebsisht v\u00ebshti-\u00a0 r\u00ebsit\u00eb dhe sakrificat, inxhinier Karl Gega vet\u00ebm shikonte p\u00ebrpara dhe nuk t\u00ebrhiqej. Ai studionte pa nd\u00ebrprer\u00eb, edhe n\u00eb l\u00ebmenj t\u00eb tjer\u00eb ndihm\u00ebs, p\u00ebr realizimin me \u00e7do kusht t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj vepre t\u00eb rrall\u00eb. Mu p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb kishte b\u00ebr\u00eb me dhjet\u00ebra skica e madje kishte shkruar edhe nj\u00eb studim.<\/p>\n

        N\u00eb linj\u00ebn hekurudhore n\u00eb fjal\u00eb jan\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar 16 viadukte (me gjat\u00ebsi 1.502 metra), 15 tunele (me gjat\u00ebsi 4.520 metra), em shtylla t\u00eb larta deri n\u00eb 45 metra, me harqe deri n\u00eb 20 metra dhe me qindra ura t\u00eb vogla e mure mbajt\u00ebse. Lart\u00ebsia e viaduktit arrin deri n\u00eb 45 metra, nd\u00ebrsa hapej tuneli n\u00eb gjat\u00ebsi 1.430 metra.<\/p>\n

        Me l\u00ebvizjet politike q\u00eb b\u00ebhen atje, \u00e7rregullohet edhe realizimi i vepr\u00ebs s\u00eb Karl Geg\u00ebs. Hekurudhat privati -zohen, kurse ky transferohet n\u00eb viset e tjera, vet\u00ebm pak para p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj vepre kapitale. K\u00ebtu kishte edhe elemente t\u00eb xhelozis\u00eb s\u00eb koleg\u00ebve smir\u00ebzinj profesionist\u00eb inxhiniero-arkitekt\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt edhe e proklamuan me zhurm\u00ebri si t\u00eb pamundsh\u00ebm realizimin e k\u00ebtij projekti.<\/p>\n

        Pas gjasht\u00eb vjet\u00ebsh pune p\u00ebrplot tensionime, Gega largohet nga atje n\u00eb \u00e7astin final, me nj\u00eb p\u00ebrjetim tep\u00ebr t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb.<\/p>\n

        Puna e pand\u00ebrprer\u00eb intelektuale dhe s\u00ebmundjet e t\u00eb gjitha llojeve q\u00eb i ndodh\u00ebn, u b\u00ebn\u00eb shkaktar edhe i s\u00ebmundjes s\u00eb mushk\u00ebrive.<\/p>\n

        Duke qen\u00eb njeri me sed\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb thell\u00eb, kur i erdhi lajmi i rrem\u00eb se tuneli \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00ebnjanuar dhe nuk del i sakt\u00eb realizimi i projektit, ai tensionohet tej mase, p\u00ebrjetoi kriz\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb nervore, dhe vdes n\u00eb Lugeck n\u00eb Vjen\u00eb, m\u00eb 14 mars 1860, kurse trupi i pushon n\u00eb varrezat e Wahringer-it, n\u00eb Vjen\u00eb. Kurse, me rastin e shp\u00ebrnguljes s\u00eb k\u00ebtyre varrezave, sarkofagu me eshtrat e Gheg\u00ebs u vendos\u00ebn n\u00eb panteonin e njer\u00ebve t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj q\u00eb kishte Austria, t\u00eb Mozartit, Bethovenit, Shubertit, Shtrausit, Brahmsit dhe Alois Negrellit (projektuesit t\u00eb Kanalit t\u00eb Suezit).<\/p>\n

        Me t\u00eb madje u luajt edhe sa i p\u00ebrket p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsis\u00eb komb\u00ebtare, duke e regjistruar her\u00eb si gjerman e her\u00eb si italian. Vet\u00ebm studiuesi gjerman Friedrich\u00a0 Wallich, n\u00eb \u201cNeuland Albanian\u201d, botuar n\u00eb Shtudgard m\u00eb 1931, sqaron: \u201cKarl Gega, nd\u00ebrtuesi gjenial i hekurudh\u00ebs s\u00eb Zemeringut, ka qen\u00eb me prejardhje shqiptare.\u201c K\u00ebt\u00eb p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsi shqiptare t\u00eb tij e d\u00ebshmon edhe biografi i fundit i Gheges, austriaku Wolfgang Straub, n\u00eb monografin\u00eb \u2018Carl Ritter von Chega\u2019, botuar m\u00eb 2004. Po ashtu n\u00eb Vjen\u00eb ishte mbajtur nj\u00eb simpozium p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb inxhinier gjenial \u2018Carl Ritter von Chega \u2013 midis legjend\u00ebs dhe realitetit\u2019, ku u zbardh vet\u00ebm pas 136 vjet\u00ebsh enigma p\u00ebr t\u00eb. Edhe studiuesi Dr. Alvin Sara\u00e7i e ka dokumentuar gjenez\u00ebn e geg\u00ebve dhe travajat e tyre jet\u00ebsore, siapas dokumenteve t\u00eb gjetura n\u00eb biliotek\u00ebn e Muzeut Correr t\u00eb Venecias.<\/p>\n

        K\u00ebshtu p\u00ebrfundoi jeta e gjeniut, modest e sakrifikues, q\u00eb radhitet nd\u00ebr 100 austriak\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb shquar nga gjith\u00eb historia, krahas Mocartit, Frojdit, Franc Jozefit, Franc Kafk\u00ebs, Bethovenit, Shubertit, Shtrausit, etj., i cili s\u2019e njohu as k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsin\u00eb e jet\u00ebs familjare, duke u mish\u00ebruar vet\u00ebm me profesionin.<\/p>\n

        Nga ai njihen k\u00ebto vepra t\u00eb shkruara shkencore:<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Carl R. V. Ghega: \u201cUbersicht des Hauptfortachrifts des Faisenbahunesens in dem Jahrzentende\u201d (1840-\u201850), Wien 1852.<\/li>\n
        2. Carl R. V. Ghega: \u201dAtlas zu der Ubersicht\u201d, Wien, 1951.<\/li>\n
        3. Carl R. V. Ghega: \u201dMalerischer Atlas der Eisebahu uberden semmering\u201d, Wien, 1854.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \n

          [1]<\/a> Dr. Muhamad Harb: al-Mi\u2019mar Sinani al-Arabia, nr. 271, Kuvajt 1985, f.74; Nexhip P. Alpan-Nesip Ka\u00e7i: Shqipar\u00ebt n\u00eb perandorin\u00eb osmane, Tiran\u00eb, 1997, f\u2026.; Ramadan Sokoli: 16 shekuj, Tiran\u00eb, 1995, f. 101-1103; Shyqri Nimani: Arnavud – artist\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb n\u00eb perandorin\u00eb osmane, Prishtin\u00eb, 2003, f. 56-65; Blerim Luzha: Arti i madh dhe origjina shqiptare e Mimar Sinanit, Koha p\u00ebr kultur\u00eb, Prishtin\u00eb, 1.XI.2001, f. IV; Sinan Gashi: Koxha Sinani, kryearkitekt i Perandoris\u00eb Osmane, Bota sot, Prishtin\u00eb, 14. VIII. 2001, f. 20.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

          [2]<\/a> Shih. Chaghtai Muhamad Abdulla: Le Tadj Mahal d\u2019Agra, Bruxelles, 1938; Hrsg. Henri Stierlin: Islamisches Indien, Germany, 1978; Ramadan Sokoli, 16 shekuj, Tiran\u00eb, 1995, f. 121-123; Sinan Gashi: Traseja e mendimit, Prishtin\u00eb, 2001, f. 99-101; Idem: Mehmet Isai autor i Taxh Mahallit n\u00eb Indi, Bota sot, Prishtin\u00eb, 17 korrik 2002, f. 18; Shyqri Nimani: Arnavud, artist\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb t\u00eb perandoris\u00eb osmane,\u00a0 Prishtin\u00eb, 2003, f. 80-85.<\/em><\/p>\n

          [3]<\/a> Shih. Friedrich wallisch neuland Albanian, stutgart, 1931; Ramadan Sokoli: 16 shekuj, Tiran\u00eb, 1995, f. 131-136; Sinan Gashi: Karl Gega arkitekt i hekurudhave n\u00eb Austri, 30 qershor 2002, f. 20; Frrok Kristaj: Karl Gega \u2013 projektues I hekurudh\u00ebs s\u00eb pare me avull, Bota sot, Prishtin\u00eb, 1.XII.203, f. 26, Eqrem Zenelaj: Shqiptari dr. Karl Ritter Ghega (1802-1860) \u2013 gjeniu i hekurudhave t\u00eb Austris\u00eb, Lajm p\u00ebr kultur\u00eb, Prishtin\u00eb, 2 shkurt 2008, f. 5.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Hekurudha n\u00eb Semmering t\u00eb Austris\u00eb, vep\u00ebr e Karl Geg\u00ebs Edhe n\u00eb l\u00ebmin e arkitektur\u00ebs, krijuesit shqiptar\u00eb kan\u00eb d\u00ebshmuar, me veprat e tyre n\u00ebp\u00ebr bot\u00eb, se jan\u00eb personalitete gjeniale, duke mbetur veprat e tyre sh\u00ebmb\u00eblles\u00eb e jasht\u00ebzakonshme e aft\u00ebsis\u00eb krijuese si dhe e vlerave estetike tejkohore. 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