{"id":6579,"date":"2016-09-13T10:13:30","date_gmt":"2016-09-13T09:13:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.fjala.info\/?p=6579"},"modified":"2021-04-25T05:14:47","modified_gmt":"2021-04-25T04:14:47","slug":"noel-malcolm-komunistet-jo-otomanet-duhet-te-fajesohen-per-semundjet-e-ballkanit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/noel-malcolm-komunistet-jo-otomanet-duhet-te-fajesohen-per-semundjet-e-ballkanit\/","title":{"rendered":"Noel Malcolm: Komunist\u00ebt, jo Otoman\u00ebt, duhet t\u00eb faj\u00ebsohen p\u00ebr S\u00ebmundjet e Ballkanit"},"content":{"rendered":"

Historiani Noel Malcolm<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb trash\u00ebgimia e 50 viteve t\u00eb fundit, jo ajo e 500 viteve m\u00eb par\u00eb, q\u00eb r\u00ebndon mbi vendet e Ballkanit teksa ato b\u00ebjn\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb pas kultur\u00ebn e korrupsionit dhe klientelizmit, thot\u00eb historiani britanik.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Autor: Jeta Xharra<\/strong> | BIRN<\/a> | Prishtin\u00eb<\/em><\/p>\n

Pyetje: Sipas raport-progresit t\u00eb BE, vendet e Ballkanit kan\u00eb vese t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebta: klasa t\u00eb korruptuara politike, nepotiz\u00ebm, klane, probleme me krimin e organizuar dhe me mosfunksionimin e ligjit. A jan\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar k\u00ebto sjellje nga e shkuara jon\u00eb? P\u00ebr shembull, tendenca e Italis\u00eb jugore drejt klientelizmit dhe krimit t\u00eb organizuar p\u00ebrshkruhet disi si trash\u00ebgimi e sundimit Norman<\/em> dhe Bourbon<\/em>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgjigje<\/strong>: Si nj\u00eb historian, jam i befasuar t\u00eb d\u00ebgjoj se mafia akuzohet p\u00ebr sundimin Norman! Kjo shkon pas n\u00eb Mesjet\u00eb. Historia l\u00eb gjurm\u00ebt e veta n\u00eb shoq\u00ebri ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyra t\u00eb dukshme, ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyra t\u00eb padukshme dhe t\u00eb n\u00ebnvet\u00ebdijshme. Jam tep\u00ebr skeptik p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsyetim n\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsi q\u00eb na duhet t\u00eb kthehemi pas nj\u00eb shekull apo dy, p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjetur arsyen p\u00ebrse ka korrupsion, ryshfet apo krim t\u00eb organizuar. Mund t\u00eb shohim p\u00ebrreth dhe t\u2019i gjejm\u00eb arsyet p\u00ebrpara nesh; nuk na duhen librat e historis\u00eb. Korrupsioni ndodh n\u00eb kushte t\u00eb caktuara socio-ekonomike dhe n\u00eb kushte t\u00eb caktuara politike, kur fuqia politike \u00ebsht\u00eb e dob\u00ebt, drejt\u00ebsia \u00ebsht\u00eb e dob\u00ebt, dhe kur vlerat e shtetit nuk kan\u00eb arritur plot\u00ebsisht t\u00eb prekin shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb, krijohet nj\u00eb ndjesi se njer\u00ebzit duhet t\u00eb kujdesen vet\u00eb p\u00ebr veten\u2026 dhe se pagimi i taksave \u00ebsht\u00eb di\u00e7ka e kot\u00eb q\u00eb njer\u00ebzit b\u00ebjn\u00eb. N\u00eb rastin e Ballkanit, do t\u00eb thosha se 50 vitet e komunizmit si pjes\u00eb e k\u00ebtij sfondi jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme sesa 500 vitet n\u00ebn sundimin otoman.<\/p>\n

Pyetje: Duke par\u00eb hart\u00ebn e Europ\u00ebs sot, a \u00ebsht\u00eb Ballkani ende \u201csheshi i loj\u00ebs, ku fuqit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha akoma hakmerren\u201d?<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgjigjet Noel Malcolm<\/strong>: Jo si\u00e7 ndodhte n\u00eb shekullin e 19, n\u00eb Kongresin e Berlinit [n\u00eb 1878] p\u00ebr shembull. Jo sipas m\u00ebnyr\u00ebs s\u00eb vitit 1914, kur nj\u00eb vrasje n\u00eb Sarajev\u00eb e futi sistemin e fuqis\u00eb n\u00eb luft\u00ebn bot\u00ebrore.<\/p>\n

Pyetje: N\u00eb \u00e7far\u00eb m\u00ebnyre at\u00ebher\u00eb?<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgjigje<\/strong>: N\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb kufizuar. N\u00ebse sheh ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb politik\u00ebn ruse kundrejt Kosov\u00ebs, \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb dallosh ndonj\u00eb arsye t\u00eb brendshme prej Kosov\u00ebs ose ndonj\u00eb situat\u00eb t\u00eb brendshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn Rusia t\u00eb ket\u00eb pik\u00ebpamje aq t\u00eb patundura dhe d\u00ebshir\u00eb aq t\u00eb madhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb bllokuar politik\u00ebn Per\u00ebndimore. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb loj\u00eb q\u00eb luhet si n\u00eb tabel\u00ebn e shahut p\u00ebr q\u00ebllime t\u00eb tjera. \u00cbsht\u00eb pjes\u00eb e d\u00ebshir\u00ebs m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb [Vladimir] Putin p\u00ebr t\u00eb shkaktuar telashe p\u00ebr politik\u00ebn Per\u00ebndimore dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb treguar se Rusia ende ka fuqi t\u2019i bllokoj\u00eb gj\u00ebrat dhe t\u00eb k\u00ebrkoj\u00eb kompensim n\u00eb disa pika t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb ndoshta ata v\u00ebrtet\u00eb i kan\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, por q\u00eb jan\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht jasht\u00eb Ballkanit.<\/p>\n

Rusia po e trajton ende Ballkanin sipas k\u00ebsaj m\u00ebnyr\u00eb instrumentale. Po ashtu po e trajton edhe Serbin\u00eb. Njer\u00ebzit n\u00eb Beograd q\u00eb imagjinojn\u00eb se kan\u00eb nj\u00eb lloj gjaku v\u00ebllaz\u00ebrie dhe nj\u00eb lloj simpatie t\u00eb thell\u00eb sllave q\u00eb u vjen nga Moska, e kan\u00eb disi gabim. Edhe ata po p\u00ebrdoren. E kemi par\u00eb me manovrat e Rusis\u00eb n\u00eb tubacionet e naft\u00ebs dhe n\u00eb \u00e7mimet qesharake me t\u00eb cilat blen industrin\u00eb e naft\u00ebs serbe. Rusia po loz edhe me ata. Pra, Rusia \u00ebsht\u00eb rasti i vet\u00ebm ku ekziston politika e fuqis\u00eb s\u00eb madhe. N\u00eb rastin e fuqive europiane, ata kan\u00eb interes direkt. Ata duan q\u00eb n\u00eb kufijt\u00eb e tyre t\u00eb zhvillohet nj\u00eb lloj situate koherente dhe progresive. Dhe SHBA-ja, mendoj, \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb pran\u00eb mentalitetit evropian se atij t\u00eb Mosk\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Pyetje: Ku po shkon Ballkani? Marr\u00ebveshjet q\u00eb i dhan\u00eb fund luft\u00ebs n\u00eb vitet 1990 kan\u00eb rezistuar, por nuk ishin projektuar p\u00ebr t\u2019i zhvilluar k\u00ebto vende. \u00cbsht\u00eb e ardhmja e Ballkanit n\u00eb rrezik teksa komuniteti nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar p\u00ebrqendrohet n\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb bot\u00ebs?<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgjigje<\/strong>: Bosnja dhe Kosova jan\u00eb n\u00eb fakt n\u00eb probleme. Me rrezik \u00ebsht\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht rasti i Bosnj\u00ebs. Nuk mendoj se n\u00eb rastin e Kosov\u00ebs ka ndonj\u00eb rrezik t\u00eb madh. I vetmi rrezik atje \u00ebsht\u00eb stanjacioni dhe mungesa e progresit me shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb q\u00eb duhej. N\u00eb rastin e Bosnj\u00ebs paraqitet nj\u00eb rrezik i past\u00ebr, rrezik i v\u00ebrtet\u00eb politik. Komenti juaj se v\u00ebmendja e fuqive Per\u00ebndimore \u00ebsht\u00eb zhvendosur diku tjet\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb i v\u00ebrtet\u00eb. Kjo po ndodh me Amerik\u00ebn prej shum\u00eb vitesh; p\u00ebrfshirja intensive n\u00eb Irak dhe Afganistan ka thithur fuqit\u00eb e Departamentetit t\u00eb Shtetit, dhe ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb m\u00eb tep\u00ebr me mentalitetin e mbajtjes s\u00eb situat\u00ebs n\u00ebn kontroll tani kur ata i hedhin syt\u00eb nga Ballkani. Shum\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi lidhen me fuqit\u00eb europiane. Por Europa \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00e7ast t\u00eb sikletsh\u00ebm, duke u p\u00ebrpjekur p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb zyrtarisht t\u00eb zhvilloj\u00eb nj\u00eb politik\u00eb t\u00eb jashtme evropiane me p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e vet t\u00eb politik\u00ebs s\u00eb jashtme dhe me pothuajse-Ministrin\u00eb e Jashtme t\u00eb saj. \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb projekt shum\u00eb i v\u00ebshtir\u00eb sepse politika e jashtme s\u00eb fundmi n\u00eb \u00e7do vend evropian \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje komb\u00ebtare. K\u00ebto shtete nuk bien dakord n\u00eb shum\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje themelore. E kemi par\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb te Kosova.<\/p>\n

Pyetje: Dhe cilat jan\u00eb rreziqet n\u00ebse nuk bien dakord?<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgjigje<\/strong>: Nuk mendoj se rreziku n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i nj\u00eb natyre serioze. Nuk shoh t\u00eb zhvillohet ndonj\u00eb luftim apo t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb ndonj\u00eb tank n\u00eb ndonj\u00eb vend n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Pyetje: Jo, por mos-pranimi p\u00ebr t\u00eb hyr\u00eb n\u00eb BE p\u00ebr shkak se Spanja, Sllovakia dhe Qipro nuk e njohin. \u00c7far\u00eb do ndodh\u00eb n\u00ebse kjo vazhdon p\u00ebr dekada?<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgjigje<\/strong>: K\u00ebt\u00eb e quaj stanjacion serioz. Paraqiten rreziqe p\u00ebr zhvillimin ekonomik; rreziqe p\u00ebr val\u00ebt e njer\u00ebzve q\u00eb nuk po gjejn\u00eb dot pun\u00eb n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebt po dynden n\u00eb vendet e tjera europiane. K\u00ebto rreziqe, jam i sigurt, kuptohen. Rreziqet p\u00ebr Bosnj\u00ebn jan\u00eb m\u00eb serioze. \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb problem q\u00eb ka qen\u00eb i qart\u00eb q\u00eb prej marr\u00ebveshjes Dayton apo si njihet ndryshe Protokolli i Parisit. Nuk ka asgj\u00eb t\u00eb re p\u00ebr t\u00eb th\u00ebn\u00eb. Marr\u00ebveshja Dayton d\u00ebshtoi n\u00eb zgjidhjen e problemeve themelore. Thjesht la n\u00eb vend nj\u00eb situat\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn spastrimi etnik kishte ndodhur dhe ku njer\u00ebzit p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs p\u00ebr spastrimin etnik ishin ende n\u00eb fuqi n\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb Bosnj\u00ebs. E ngriu at\u00eb situat\u00eb dhe m\u00eb pas njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb e hartuan at\u00eb [Dayton-in] nuk pranuan t\u00eb p\u00ebrdornin fuqit\u00eb e tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb ribashkuar Bosnj\u00ebn si\u00e7 duhej.<\/p>\n

Pyetje: \u00cbsht\u00eb realiste frika q\u00eb disa fqinj rajonal kan\u00eb se Kosova do bashkohet me Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb?<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgjigje<\/strong>: Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shembull klasik i \u00e7\u00ebshtjeve politike, ku gjith\u00e7ka varet nga m\u00ebnyra si e ngre pyetjen. N\u00ebse pyet \u00e7do shqiptar n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri apo Kosov\u00eb, \u2018Mendon se nj\u00eb dit\u00eb do t\u00eb jet\u00eb i mir\u00eb bashkimi i t\u00eb dyjave?,\u2019 shumica do t\u00eb thon\u00eb, \u2018Po, nj\u00eb dit\u00eb do t\u00eb ishte i mir\u00eb\u2019. Dhe n\u00ebse thua, \u2018Mendoni se \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb padrejt\u00ebsi historike n\u00eb vitin 1913 kur u krijua p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb versioni i k\u00ebtyre kufijve?\u2019, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb do t\u00eb thon\u00eb, \u2018Po\u2019. Por n\u00ebse i pyet njer\u00ebzit n\u00eb nj\u00eb referendum t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb: \u2018Do t\u00eb donit t\u00eb ishit nj\u00eb shtet i bashkuar, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb politikat dhe vendimet q\u00eb ndikojn\u00eb jet\u00ebt tuaja t\u00eb mund t\u00eb dominoheshin nga politikan\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb vendi tjet\u00ebr, jo prej vendit tuaj?\u2019, ata do t\u00eb thoshin, \u2018Jo\u2019. Kam pyetur shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb viteve p\u00ebr m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn sesi do t\u00eb shkonin k\u00ebto referendume. Dhe shumica m\u00eb kan\u00eb th\u00ebn\u00eb se me past\u00ebrti nuk mendojn\u00eb se do t\u00eb arrihej ndonj\u00eb shumic\u00eb nes\u00ebr p\u00ebr secil\u00ebn an\u00eb t\u00eb kufirit. Ndaj, n\u00eb nivel praktik se kjo nuk do t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb s\u00eb shpejti. N\u00eb nivel teorik mund t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb, por njer\u00ebzit nuk marrin vendime tani p\u00ebr at\u00eb q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb brenda 50 vitesh.<\/p>\n

Pyetje: \u00c7far\u00eb mendoni p\u00ebr argumentin e p\u00ebrdorur nga serb\u00ebt boshnjak\u00eb, se n\u00ebse lejohet kjo, p\u00ebrse nuk lejohet edhe bashkimi i tyre me Serbin\u00eb?<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgjigje<\/strong>: P\u00ebrgjigjja e thjesht\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb se Kosova \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shtet i v\u00ebrtet\u00eb q\u00eb u krijua nga nj\u00eb status federal i q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm n\u00eb ish-Jugosllavin\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa Republika Srpska nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shtet dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb krijuar nga nj\u00eb proces i pastrimit etnik dhe vrasjeve n\u00eb mas\u00eb. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb themelimi i Republik\u00ebs Srpska. Ting\u00ebllon jo i k\u00ebndsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u2019u p\u00ebrkufizuar, por \u00ebsht\u00eb themeluar nga vrasjet masive. Republika Srpska ekziston n\u00eb hart\u00eb sepse ushtrit\u00eb pushtuan territore, larguan njer\u00ebzit me tytat e arm\u00ebve dhe me thika, e vran\u00eb shum\u00eb prej tyre.<\/p>\n

Pyetje: \u00c7far\u00eb mund t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb kur kjo mosmarr\u00ebveshje po ndalon p\u00ebrparimin e Bosnj\u00ebs?<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgjigje<\/strong>: E kam th\u00ebn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb, pothuajse q\u00eb prej Dayton-it vet\u00eb. Mbaj mend ta kem th\u00ebn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb n\u00eb Uashington, n\u00eb vitin 1997 dhe ata than\u00eb \u2018Ju jeni disi i nxituar dhe kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb\u2019. Ata than\u00eb se Dayton \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje shum\u00eb e mir\u00eb, Amerika ka investuar shum\u00eb prestigj n\u00eb t\u00eb dhe do t\u00eb ishte e gabuar ta ndryshonim tani dhe vazhduan ta thoshin k\u00ebt\u00eb. Por ishte e qart\u00eb se po linte pezull nj\u00eb situat\u00eb dhe po ngrinte gj\u00ebra m\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebqija q\u00eb t\u00eb arriheshin kushtet e realizueshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Bosnj\u00ebs si nj\u00eb shtet. Tani, \u00ebsht\u00eb akoma m\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebrballja me k\u00ebt\u00eb problem. Fuqit\u00eb e P\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Lart\u00eb ishin t\u00eb shumta at\u00ebher\u00eb. Tani, shumica e k\u00ebtyre fuqive jan\u00eb zhdukur\u2026 [por] qeverit\u00eb Per\u00ebndimore kan\u00eb fuqin\u00eb themelore t\u00eb thon\u00eb se nuk mund ta pranojn\u00eb Republik\u00ebn e Srpska-s si nj\u00eb shtet i pavarur. \u00cbsht\u00eb n\u00eb loj\u00eb prestigji i tyre. N\u00ebse e lejojn\u00eb, do t\u00eb zhb\u00ebnte pikat e marr\u00ebveshjes s\u00eb paqes q\u00eb ata kan\u00eb hartuar. Dhe jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb do ta zhb\u00ebnte n\u00eb t\u00eb shkuar\u00ebn, por do t\u00eb hapte \u00e7do precedent t\u00eb mundur n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen. N\u00ebse i lejon q\u00eb territore t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb themeluar nga dhuna etnike t\u00eb vet\u00ebdeklarohen si shtete t\u00eb pavarura, \u00e7far\u00eb ndodh\u00eb? \u00c7far\u00eb ndodh n\u00ebse ndonj\u00eb minoritet etnik n\u00eb Maqedoni i drejtohet dhun\u00ebs? Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb Kutia e Pandor\u00ebs dhe Per\u00ebndimi e di. Ndaj ata kan\u00eb qen\u00eb absolutisht t\u00eb qart\u00eb se Republika Srpska nuk do t\u00eb b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb shtet i pavarur.<\/p>\n

Pyetje: Duke njohur m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn si vepron Europa dhe mentalitetin e saj, mund ta shohim Serbin\u00eb t\u00eb hyj\u00eb n\u00eb BE pa e njohur Kosov\u00ebn dhe m\u00eb pas ta bllokoj\u00eb at\u00eb?<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgjigje<\/strong>: N\u00ebse njer\u00ebzit n\u00eb BE jan\u00eb shum\u00eb budallenj, po. Nuk jam ndonj\u00eb admirues i madh i BE-s\u00eb. Nuk e mendoj si nj\u00eb projekt politik koherent, e mendoj si nj\u00eb politik\u00eb t\u00eb jashtme shum\u00eb jo-bashk\u00ebkohore. N\u00eb fund t\u00eb fundit, qeverit\u00eb komb\u00ebtare kan\u00eb ide dhe preferenca t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht t\u00eb ndryshme. E kemi par\u00eb shum\u00eb qart\u00eb me\u2026 situat\u00ebn e \u00e7uditshme p\u00ebrmes s\u00eb cil\u00ebs BE pretendon t\u00eb jet\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebse p\u00ebr zhvillimin e Kosov\u00ebs si nj\u00eb shtet, por d\u00ebrgon nj\u00eb mision atje [misionin e rregullimit t\u00eb ligjit, EULEX] q\u00eb nuk e njeh Kosov\u00ebn si nj\u00eb shtet. Shqet\u00ebsohem p\u00ebr politik\u00ebn europiane. Mendoj v\u00ebrtet\u00eb se kan\u00eb ndjekur nj\u00eb politik\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb gabuar me Qipron. Po shohim nj\u00eb prej pasojave tani, me linj\u00ebn e trash\u00eb t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb Qipros kundra njohjes s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs. N\u00ebse m\u00eb kujtohet qart\u00eb, ata kan\u00eb th\u00ebn\u00eb se edhe n\u00ebse Serbia e njeh Kosov\u00ebn, Qipro nuk do ta njoh\u00eb kurr\u00eb. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e \u00e7uditshme. Nuk jam optimist rreth politik\u00ebs s\u00eb Brukselit. Por Brukseli ka disa persona inteligjent dhe t\u00eb mirinformuar\u2026. ndaj, shpresoj se do t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtoj\u00eb nj\u00eb politik\u00eb inteligjente n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pyetje shum\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme.<\/p>\n

Pyetje: Ballkani ka shum\u00eb mite, q\u00eb kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb disa t\u00eb besojn\u00eb se rajoni \u00ebsht\u00eb si askund tjet\u00ebr, pre e urrejtjes etnike. N\u00eb disa vende t\u00eb Ballkanit ksenofobia, po rritet dhe disa qeveri vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb krijojn\u00eb mite t\u00eb reja. \u00c7far\u00eb mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhet q\u00eb k\u00ebto mite t\u00eb mos vazhdojn\u00eb ta mbajn\u00eb rajonin peng n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen?<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgjigje<\/strong>: Miti i urrejtjes etnike t\u00eb lasht\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb krijuar pjes\u00ebrisht prej t\u00eb huajve injorant\u00eb, nga udh\u00ebtar\u00eb n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb shekullit t\u00eb 20, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt besonin se ishte m\u00eb e leht\u00eb dhe m\u00eb entuziaste p\u00ebr lexuesit e tyre n\u00ebse thoshin se kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb vorbull e pashpjegueshme urrejtje antike. Ting\u00ebllonte ekzotike. N\u00eb historin\u00eb e koh\u00ebve t\u00eb fundit, miti \u00ebsht\u00eb shitur si i v\u00ebrtet\u00eb nga manipulimi i q\u00ebllimsh\u00ebm dhe ngat\u00ebrresa e opinionit Per\u00ebndimor prej njer\u00ebzve q\u00eb duan ta b\u00ebjn\u00eb t\u00eb besoj\u00eb se luft\u00ebrat u shkaktuan prej disa politikan\u00ebve t\u00eb caktuar, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht prej [Slobodan] Milosevi\u00e7, dhe jo prej ndonj\u00eb politikani modern. Ishte budallall\u00ebku nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb dhe manipulimi i q\u00ebllimsh\u00ebm nga ana tjet\u00ebr. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, k\u00ebto urrejtje antike nuk shkojn\u00eb m\u00eb larg se mesi i shekullit t\u00eb 19. Dhe jan\u00eb produkt i zakonsh\u00ebm i procesit t\u00eb formimit t\u00eb shtetit, q\u00eb zhvilloi nacionalizmin n\u00eb lloje t\u00eb ndryshme me mitet komb\u00ebtare dhe nxiti konflikte politike sepse k\u00ebto nacionalizma po konkurronin p\u00ebr territor.<\/p>\n

Si mund t\u2019i ndalojm\u00eb apo pak\u00ebsojm\u00eb? \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje edukimi n\u00eb kuptimin m\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb. Jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb shtrihet deri te tekstet shkollore, por edhe n\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb njer\u00ebzit thon\u00eb n\u00eb publik, q\u00eb politikan\u00ebt shprehin, dhe n\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb media raporton. Nuk e kam fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr shp\u00eblarjen e trurit apo p\u00ebr promovimin e ndonj\u00eb ideologjie t\u00eb re, se Ballkani ka qen\u00eb gjithnj\u00eb parajsa e toleranc\u00ebs. Jo, thjesht histori e zakont\u00eb, kuptim i zakont\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Pyetje: P\u00ebr t\u2019u kthyer te Kosova, ka qen\u00eb e pavarur p\u00ebr dy vite tashm\u00eb, por ka pasur njohje vet\u00ebm prej shteteve Per\u00ebndimore. \u00c7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb njihet edhe nga vende t\u00eb tjera?<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgjigje<\/strong>: N\u00eb fillim ishte e qart\u00eb se fuqit\u00eb Per\u00ebndimore do t\u00eb ndihmonin dhe do t\u00eb b\u00ebnin pun\u00ebn kryesore t\u00eb afrimit me vendet e tjera dhe t\u00eb rekomandimit t\u00eb njohjes s\u00eb pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb. Vendet e lehta e kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb tashm\u00eb \u2013 ato q\u00eb e pranojn\u00eb k\u00ebshill\u00ebn e Britanis\u00eb dhe Amerik\u00ebs. Nuk mund t\u00eb shkosh n\u00eb shum\u00eb vende t\u00eb Afrik\u00ebs si nj\u00eb fuqi e vjet\u00ebr kolonializuese si Britania dhe t\u2019i thuash se \u00e7far\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb. Dhe Amerika ka p\u00ebsuar d\u00ebmtim t\u00eb reputacionin n\u00eb politik\u00ebn e jashtme, duksh\u00ebm n\u00eb bot\u00ebn arabe, por edhe n\u00eb Amerik\u00ebn Latine. Pra, mendoj se \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs\u2026 Nj\u00eb faktor \u00ebsht\u00eb presioni i politik\u00ebs ruse. Rusia ka qen\u00eb shum\u00eb aktive, edhe n\u00eb bot\u00ebn islamike, n\u00eb presionin e b\u00ebr\u00eb ndaj vendeve q\u00eb t\u00eb mos e njohin Kosov\u00ebn. N\u00eb Afrik\u00eb ka probleme t\u00eb tjera. Mendoj se nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb sesi Kosova mund t\u00eb k\u00ebrkoj\u00eb simpatin\u00eb e shum\u00eb vendeve afrikane dhe t\u00eb bot\u00ebs s\u00eb tret\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb se n\u00eb shum\u00eb aspekte Kosova ka qen\u00eb n\u00eb situat\u00ebn e kolonializmit shtet\u00ebror dhe shoq\u00ebror. \u00cbsht\u00eb di\u00e7ka q\u00eb mund ta afroj\u00eb me afrikan\u00ebt.<\/p>\n

Pyetje: Ju keni shkruar nj\u00eb histori t\u00eb gjer\u00eb t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs. Sa t\u00eb fuqishme jan\u00eb rr\u00ebnj\u00ebt dhe themelet e Kosov\u00ebs si nj\u00eb territor i ve\u00e7ant\u00eb?<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgjigje<\/strong>: Varet se \u00e7far\u00eb n\u00ebnkuptoni me shprehjen \u201cme rr\u00ebnj\u00eb si nj\u00eb territor i ve\u00e7ant\u00eb\u2019. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme p\u00ebr nj\u00eb territor t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, q\u00eb t\u00eb tregoj\u00eb ekzistenc\u00eb t\u00eb vazhdueshme si nj\u00eb entitet politik q\u00eb nga Mesjeta n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb status t\u00eb vlefsh\u00ebm t\u00eb pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb sot. Belgjika u b\u00eb Belgjik\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 1830. Shum\u00eb shtete evropiane u bashkuan m\u00eb von\u00eb. Shiko Gjermanin\u00eb dhe Italin\u00eb. Ndaj, nuk mendoj se \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb k\u00ebrkojm\u00eb justifikime afatgjata historike p\u00ebr kufij t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb shtet\u00ebror n\u00eb hart\u00eb. \u00c7far\u00eb ka r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi \u00ebsht\u00eb popullata q\u00eb jeton atje, historia e ndoshta 100 viteve t\u00eb fundit. \u00cbsht\u00eb absolutisht e qart\u00eb se\u2026 af\u00ebrsisht 50 vitet e fundit n\u00ebn sundimin e Titos, Kosova ishte nj\u00eb nj\u00ebsi politike, q\u00eb vepronte e pavarur, duke marr\u00eb vendimet e veta brenda struktur\u00ebs federale dhe duke e prezantuar veten drejtp\u00ebrdrejt n\u00eb nivelin federal dhe p\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, duke pasur t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat t\u00eb drejta p\u00ebr t\u2019u b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb shtet pas shp\u00ebrb\u00ebrjes s\u00eb Jugosllavis\u00eb si Sllovenia apo Kroacia.<\/p>\n

Pyetje: N\u00eb lidhje me nd\u00ebrtimin e nj\u00eb identiteti t\u00eb ri, Kushtetuta e Kosov\u00ebs thot\u00eb se Kosova \u00ebsht\u00eb s\u00eb pari dhe mbi t\u00eb gjitha nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebri e multietnis\u00eb. \u00cbsht\u00eb ky modeli i sakt\u00eb, nj\u00eb themel i mir\u00eb p\u00ebr shtetin e shekullit t\u00eb 21?<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgjigje<\/strong>: Principi themelor se Kosova \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebri multietnike \u00ebsht\u00eb i nevojsh\u00ebm t\u00eb thuhet. Duhet t\u00eb thuhet p\u00ebr \u00e7do shoq\u00ebri n\u00eb Ballkan. \u00cbsht\u00eb kushti thelb\u00ebsor p\u00ebr jetes\u00eb n\u00eb \u00e7do shtet t\u00eb Europ\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Noel Malcolm \u00ebsht\u00eb autori i \u201cBosnja: Nj\u00eb histori e Shkurt\u00ebr\u201d, (1994) dhe i \u201cKosova: Nj\u00eb Histori e Shkurt\u00ebr\u201d (1998)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\n

RRETH AUTORIT<\/h3>\n

\"\" Jeta Xharra<\/strong>
\nJeta Xharra \u00ebsht\u00eb drejtoresha e BIRN n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, si dhe kryeredaktore dhe drejtuese e emisionit Jeta n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, i cili transmetohet n\u00eb RTK.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Historiani Noel Malcolm \u00cbsht\u00eb trash\u00ebgimia e 50 viteve t\u00eb fundit, jo ajo e 500 viteve m\u00eb par\u00eb, q\u00eb r\u00ebndon mbi vendet e Ballkanit teksa ato b\u00ebjn\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb pas kultur\u00ebn e korrupsionit dhe klientelizmit, thot\u00eb historiani britanik. Autor: Jeta Xharra | BIRN | Prishtin\u00eb Pyetje: Sipas raport-progresit t\u00eb BE, vendet e Ballkanit kan\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":67006,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6579","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-intervista"],"yoast_head":"\nNoel Malcolm: Komunist\u00ebt, jo Otoman\u00ebt, duhet t\u00eb faj\u00ebsohen p\u00ebr S\u00ebmundjet e Ballkanit - FJALA e LIR\u00cb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/noel-malcolm-komunistet-jo-otomanet-duhet-te-fajesohen-per-semundjet-e-ballkanit\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Noel Malcolm: Komunist\u00ebt, jo Otoman\u00ebt, duhet t\u00eb faj\u00ebsohen p\u00ebr S\u00ebmundjet e Ballkanit - FJALA e LIR\u00cb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Historiani Noel Malcolm \u00cbsht\u00eb trash\u00ebgimia e 50 viteve t\u00eb fundit, jo ajo e 500 viteve m\u00eb par\u00eb, q\u00eb r\u00ebndon mbi vendet e Ballkanit teksa ato b\u00ebjn\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb pas kultur\u00ebn e korrupsionit dhe klientelizmit, thot\u00eb historiani britanik. 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