{"id":6814,"date":"2016-09-18T18:45:38","date_gmt":"2016-09-18T17:45:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.fjala.info\/?p=6814"},"modified":"2021-04-25T03:44:13","modified_gmt":"2021-04-25T02:44:13","slug":"perpjekjet-e-shqiptareve-per-te-hartuar-alfabete-origjinale","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/perpjekjet-e-shqiptareve-per-te-hartuar-alfabete-origjinale\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u00cbRPJEKJET E SHQIPTAR\u00cbVE P\u00cbR T\u00cb HARTUAR ALFABETE ORIGJINALE"},"content":{"rendered":"

E p\u00ebrgatiti Prof. Zymer Mehani<\/strong><\/p>\n

Meq\u00eb asnj\u00eb nga alfabetet e gjuh\u00ebve t\u00eb tjera nuk u p\u00ebrshtatej plot\u00ebsisht fonemave shqipe, kjo b\u00ebri q\u00eb t’i nxis\u00eb dijetar\u00ebt e shkrimtar\u00ebt tan\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb nisin p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb hartuar alfabete origjinale. M\u00eb i hershmi deri tani, njihet alfabeti i Theodhor Haxhifilipit, ndryshe i Dhaskal Todrit.<\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb Kongresi i Manastirit ai q\u00eb krijoi alfabetin e gjuh\u00ebs son\u00eb me kritere shkencore n\u00eb harmoni me tingujt e shqipes. Deri at\u00ebher\u00eb qarkullonin nj\u00eb mori alfabetesh. Buzuku, Budi e Bogdani, shkrimtar\u00ebt tan\u00eb t\u00eb hersh\u00ebm, i shkruan librat e par\u00eb shqip me alfabetin e latinishtes, por me kombinime ose shenja diakritike q\u00eb t’i afroheshin gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb folur. Sot ata mund t\u00eb lexohen vet\u00ebm me ndihm\u00ebn e transkriptimeve, apo transliterimeve. Formula e Pag\u00ebzimit e Pal Engj\u00ebllit, dokumenti m\u00eb i vjet\u00ebr i gjuh\u00ebs shqipe, i zbuluar deri m\u00eb sot, gjendet i shkruar me shkronja latine.<\/p>\n

Historiku i alfabeteve p\u00ebr shkrimin e shqipes \u00ebsht\u00eb i pasur dhe i larmish\u00ebm. M\u00eb shpesh u p\u00ebrdor\u00ebn germa latine, e cila qe gjuha e kultur\u00ebs dhe e akteve administrative p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb relativisht t\u00eb gjat\u00eb, por krahas tyre u p\u00ebrdor\u00ebn edhe shkronjat greke, madje dhe arabe. Bejtexhinjt\u00eb i shkruan veprat e tyre me shkronja arabe, duke hasur v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi t\u00eb ndryshme, mbasi alfabeti arab shkruan vet\u00ebm bashk\u00ebting\u00eblloret.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb fund t\u00eb shek. XVIII, Dhaskal Todhri krijoi nj\u00eb alfabet p\u00ebr nevojat e p\u00ebrkthimeve t\u00eb ungjijve dhe p\u00ebr korrespodenc\u00ebn personale. Nuk qe fort i p\u00ebrdorsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb nj\u00ebsive t\u00eb shumta grafike, por gjithsesi qe krejt origjinal. Naum Panajot Haxhi Bredhi nga Vithkuqi, ose Naum Veqilharxhi, hartoi Abetaren e par\u00eb (1835) dhe krahas saj edhe alfabetin p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs me 33 shkronja. M\u00eb pas e vazhdojn\u00eb trag\u00ebn arb\u00ebresh\u00ebt Gjergj Guxeta, Kamarda, Zef Serembja e De Rada. Ata problemin e tingujve shqip e zgjidhnin me kombinime dyshkronj\u00ebshe t\u00eb alfabetit italian. Vaso Pasha, guvernatori i Libanit, ve\u00e7 poemit patetik t\u00eb njohur “Shqypnis\u00eb,” hartoi edhe nj\u00eb alfabet p\u00ebr t’iu p\u00ebrgjigjur nevoja kulturore.<\/p>\n

Vet\u00ebm 8 germa jan\u00eb ndryshe nga alfabeti q\u00eb kemi sot. Revista “Besa” e Kajros, (1904) p\u00ebrdori nj\u00eb alfabet, t\u00eb af\u00ebrt me alfabetin e tanish\u00ebm, ku ndryshojn\u00eb vet\u00ebm tre shkronja. Konica q\u00eb botoi revist\u00ebn “Albania” 1897, Bruksel, p\u00ebrdori alfabetin latin, me disa ndryshime p\u00ebr tingujt e shqipes. Revista “Albania” lexohet edhe sot pa v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi nga \u00e7do njeri q\u00eb di shqip.<\/p>\n

Fundi i shek. XIX sh\u00ebnon zhvillimin e vrullsh\u00ebm t\u00eb alfabeteve. N\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb qarkullonin disa alfabete, sikurse i Stambollit, q\u00eb nga 1879, i Jezuit\u00ebve, i Shoq\u00ebris\u00eb Bashkimi dhe i Agimit, po n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr. P\u00ebrpjekje e projekte p\u00ebr nj\u00eb alfabet t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb shprehte sakt\u00ebsisht tingujt e gjuh\u00ebs son\u00eb, b\u00ebjn\u00eb edhe arb\u00ebresh\u00ebt, arvanitasit, edhe shqiptar\u00ebt e Zar\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Kongresi i Manastirit qe finalja e nj\u00eb rruge t\u00eb gjat\u00eb e t\u00eb sp\u00ebrdredhur p\u00ebr miratimin e nj\u00eb alfabeti modern. Nj\u00ebj\u00ebsimi i alfabeteve qe b\u00ebr\u00eb nevoj\u00eb e dit\u00ebs p\u00ebr hir t\u00eb zhvillimit t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs dhe forcimit t\u00eb nd\u00ebrgjegjes komb\u00ebtare. Nisma erdhi nga gazeta “Kombi” e Manastirit dhe komisioni i ngritur p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim u d\u00ebrgoi ftesa gjith\u00eb personaliteteve q\u00eb mendonte se ishin n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb jepnin ndihmes\u00eb p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjen n\u00eb fjal\u00eb, kjo sigurisht ndikoi q\u00eb Manastirit t’i takonte nderi t\u00eb priste p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit nga krahina t\u00eb larg\u00ebta dhe nga kolonit\u00eb shqiptare.<\/p>\n

Autoritetet zyrtare m\u00eb t\u00eb larta t\u00eb vendit, sikurse Valiu dhe Kajmekami, p\u00ebr fat t\u00eb mir\u00eb ishin shqiptar\u00eb dhe ata mor\u00ebn pjes\u00eb n\u00eb punimet, u takuan me delegat\u00ebt e dhan\u00eb pritje p\u00ebr ta.<\/p>\n

Shpallja e Kushtetut\u00ebs, (Hyrietit) nga Turqit e Rinj n\u00eb korrik t\u00eb atij viti, i ndihmoi shqiptar\u00ebt t\u00eb sanksiononin t\u00eb drejtat e tyre legjitime. Xhonturqit kishin nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr p\u00ebrkrahjen e shqiptar\u00ebve, prandaj n\u00eb muajt e par\u00eb u treguan tolerues.
\nPunimet e Kongresit filluan m\u00eb 1 n\u00ebntor dhe vazhduan deri m\u00eb 9 n\u00ebntor me kalendarin e vjet\u00ebr gregorian, t\u00eb njohur si alla-turka, pra nga 14 deri m\u00eb 22 n\u00ebntor. Qen\u00eb tet\u00eb dit\u00eb t\u00eb gjata t\u00eb ngjeshura me mbledhje e diskutime e po ashtu edhe tet\u00eb dit\u00eb feste p\u00ebr ngjarjen e madhe.<\/p>\n

Para delegat\u00ebve shtrohej detyra t\u00eb shqyrtonin tre alfabetet kryesore dhe prej tyre t\u00eb hartohej alfabeti i ri. Rrug\u00ebt qen\u00eb tre, pohon Gjerasim Qiriazi, n\u00ebnkryetar i kongresit.
\n1) N\u00ebse duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatnin nj\u00ebrin nga tre alfabetet kryesore:
\nt\u00eb “Stambollit” t\u00eb “Bashkimit” dhe t\u00eb “Agimit.”
\n2) N\u00ebse duhet t’i kombinojn\u00eb t\u00eb tria n\u00eb nj\u00eb.
\n3) N\u00ebse duhet t’i l\u00ebn\u00eb m\u00ebnjan\u00eb t\u00eb tria dhe t\u00eb adoptojn\u00eb nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr krejt t\u00eb ri.<\/p>\n

Diskutimet vazhduan gjat\u00eb p\u00ebr disa shkronja, me argumente pro e kund\u00ebr. S\u00eb fundi u pa se qe e pamundur t\u00eb shkriheshin n\u00eb nj\u00eb dhe at\u00ebher\u00eb u vendos t\u00eb mbahej alfabeti i Stambollit me disa ndryshime dhe krahas tij, t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorej nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr me shkronja latine, si m\u00eb praktik p\u00ebr shtypjen e librave dhe transmetimin e telegrameve me kodin Mors. Kjo zgjidhje kompromisi qe e domosdoshme q\u00eb Kongresi t\u00eb mos d\u00ebshtonte. U vendos t\u00eb mbahej nj\u00eb kongres tjet\u00ebr n\u00eb Janin\u00eb pas dy vitesh p\u00ebr gjuh\u00ebn e let\u00ebrsin\u00eb e nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb t\u00eb shihej ecuria e alfabeteve t\u00eb miratuar. P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb Luft\u00ebs Ballkanike, kongresi i paracaktuar n\u00eb Janin\u00eb nuk u mbajt, po nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb alfabeti latin u konfirmua gjer\u00ebsisht, nd\u00ebrsa ai i Stambollit u la m\u00ebnjan\u00eb, u harrua.<\/p>\n

Komisioni nuk e kopjoi n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb mekanike alfabetin e Stambollit, po kreu disa thjesht\u00ebsime dhe pasurime p\u00ebrpara se t’ia paraqiste mbledhjes plenare t\u00eb Kongresit. Luigj Gurakuqi qe ai q\u00eb shpalosi para delegat\u00ebve germat e t\u00eb dy alfabeteve te d\u00ebrrasa e zez\u00eb q\u00eb u vendos n\u00eb krye t\u00eb sall\u00ebs.
\nPranimi i dy alfabeteve, sado q\u00eb qe nj\u00eb zgjidhje kompromisi, u b\u00eb q\u00eb Kongresi t\u00eb mos d\u00ebshtonte, prandaj dhe nuk ngjalli reagime.<\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb nuk mungonin as shembujt pararend\u00ebs. Gjerman\u00ebt, p\u00ebr shembull, prej koh\u00ebsh p\u00ebrdorin dy alfabete, nj\u00ebrin latin e tjetrin gotik dhe askujt s’i shkon mendja t\u00eb ankohet.
\nAt Gjergj Fishta dhe Dom Ndre Mjeda, t\u00eb dy sh\u00ebrbyes fetar\u00eb dhe dijetar\u00eb t\u00eb shquar, mbajt\u00ebn q\u00ebndrime t\u00eb kund\u00ebrta p\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket alfabetit. Shkaku qe se ata u p\u00ebrkisnin dy klubeve t\u00eb ndryshme, At Gjergj Fishta qe i “Bashkimit” nd\u00ebrsa Dom Ndre Mjeda i shoq\u00ebris\u00eb “Agimi”.<\/p>\n

Prof. Shaban Demiri, autoritet n\u00eb fush\u00ebn gjuh\u00ebsore, shkruan se Kongresi i Manastirit vler\u00ebsohet me t\u00eb drejt\u00eb si ngjarje e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme n\u00eb historin\u00eb e popullit ton\u00eb, sepse forcoi e \u00e7oi edhe m\u00eb tej l\u00ebvizjen komb\u00ebtare. “Fryma e mir\u00ebkuptimit q\u00eb karakterizoi delegat\u00ebt e Kongresit pa dallim krahine dhe feje, d\u00ebshmon qart\u00eb se shqiptar\u00ebt din\u00eb t’i kap\u00ebrcejn\u00eb dasit\u00eb dhe t\u00eb gjejn\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt, kur ngrihen mbi pik\u00ebpamjet e ngushta vetjake. E ky \u00ebsht\u00eb mesazhi m\u00eb kuptimplot\u00eb q\u00eb na ka p\u00ebrcjell\u00eb Kongresi i Manastirit”.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

E p\u00ebrgatiti Prof. Zymer Mehani Meq\u00eb asnj\u00eb nga alfabetet e gjuh\u00ebve t\u00eb tjera nuk u p\u00ebrshtatej plot\u00ebsisht fonemave shqipe, kjo b\u00ebri q\u00eb t’i nxis\u00eb dijetar\u00ebt e shkrimtar\u00ebt tan\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb nisin p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb hartuar alfabete origjinale. M\u00eb i hershmi deri tani, njihet alfabeti i Theodhor Haxhifilipit, ndryshe i Dhaskal Todrit. \u00cbsht\u00eb Kongresi i Manastirit […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":41186,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6814","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-artikuj"],"yoast_head":"\nP\u00cbRPJEKJET E SHQIPTAR\u00cbVE P\u00cbR T\u00cb HARTUAR ALFABETE ORIGJINALE - FJALA e LIR\u00cb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/perpjekjet-e-shqiptareve-per-te-hartuar-alfabete-origjinale\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"P\u00cbRPJEKJET E SHQIPTAR\u00cbVE P\u00cbR T\u00cb HARTUAR ALFABETE ORIGJINALE - FJALA e LIR\u00cb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"E p\u00ebrgatiti Prof. Zymer Mehani Meq\u00eb asnj\u00eb nga alfabetet e gjuh\u00ebve t\u00eb tjera nuk u p\u00ebrshtatej plot\u00ebsisht fonemave shqipe, kjo b\u00ebri q\u00eb t’i nxis\u00eb dijetar\u00ebt e shkrimtar\u00ebt tan\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb nisin p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb hartuar alfabete origjinale. M\u00eb i hershmi deri tani, njihet alfabeti i Theodhor Haxhifilipit, ndryshe i Dhaskal Todrit. \u00cbsht\u00eb Kongresi i Manastirit […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/perpjekjet-e-shqiptareve-per-te-hartuar-alfabete-origjinale\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"FJALA e LIR\u00cb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/facebook.com\/fjala.info\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/facebook.com\/shkoder.net\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-09-18T17:45:38+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-04-25T02:44:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/zymer_mehani_biblioteke.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@https:\/\/twitter.com\/acokaj\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@acokaj\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/perpjekjet-e-shqiptareve-per-te-hartuar-alfabete-origjinale\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/perpjekjet-e-shqiptareve-per-te-hartuar-alfabete-origjinale\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9c9fccf4f6449d25e258607d9b4275cb\"},\"headline\":\"P\u00cbRPJEKJET E SHQIPTAR\u00cbVE P\u00cbR T\u00cb HARTUAR ALFABETE ORIGJINALE\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-09-18T17:45:38+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-04-25T02:44:13+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/perpjekjet-e-shqiptareve-per-te-hartuar-alfabete-origjinale\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1240,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/perpjekjet-e-shqiptareve-per-te-hartuar-alfabete-origjinale\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2019\\\/05\\\/zymer_mehani_biblioteke.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Artikuj\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/perpjekjet-e-shqiptareve-per-te-hartuar-alfabete-origjinale\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/perpjekjet-e-shqiptareve-per-te-hartuar-alfabete-origjinale\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/perpjekjet-e-shqiptareve-per-te-hartuar-alfabete-origjinale\\\/\",\"name\":\"P\u00cbRPJEKJET E SHQIPTAR\u00cbVE P\u00cbR T\u00cb HARTUAR ALFABETE ORIGJINALE - 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