{"id":71014,"date":"2021-08-24T03:20:46","date_gmt":"2021-08-24T01:20:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fjala.info\/?p=71014"},"modified":"2021-08-24T04:59:27","modified_gmt":"2021-08-24T02:59:27","slug":"si-ndikon-covid-19-ne-tru-paraqitet-nje-pamje-shqetesuese","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/si-ndikon-covid-19-ne-tru-paraqitet-nje-pamje-shqetesuese\/","title":{"rendered":"Si ndikon COVID-19 n\u00eb tru? Paraqitet nj\u00eb pamje shqet\u00ebsuese."},"content":{"rendered":"

Radiologu Arshid Azarine (R) konsultohet me nj\u00eb ekip mjek\u00ebsor, nd\u00ebrsa ata kryejn\u00eb nj\u00eb skanim MRI mbi nj\u00eb pacient n\u00eb spitalin Paris Saint-Joseph m\u00eb 29 tetor 2020 n\u00eb Paris, Franc\u00eb. Franca ka vendosur nj\u00eb bllokim tjet\u00ebr komb\u00ebtar, pasi numri i rasteve t\u00eb koronavirusit rritet gjat\u00eb val\u00ebs s\u00eb dyt\u00eb. Spitalet po arrijn\u00eb ngopjen dhe rastet urgjente t\u00eb koronavirusit po transferohen n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb vendin.<\/em><\/span>
\nFOTOGRAFIA SIEGFRIED MODOLA, GETTY IMAGES<\/span><\/p>\n

SHKENC\u00cb<\/strong> | MBULIMI P\u00cbR CORONAVIRUS<\/p>\n

Studiuesit zbulojn\u00eb se njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb vuanin vet\u00ebm nga infeksione t\u00eb lehta mund t\u00eb goditen me defi\u00e7ite njoh\u00ebse (cognitive), q\u00eb ndryshojn\u00eb jet\u00ebn dhe ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb dob\u00ebsojn\u00eb njohjen.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Nga EMILY MULLIN<\/strong>, 18 gusht 2021<\/em> – NationalGeographic.com<\/a> – P\u00ebrktheu Arben \u00c7okaj<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

Hannah Davis u infektua me COVID-19 n\u00eb Mars 2020, dit\u00ebt e para t\u00eb pandemis\u00eb. N\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, njujorkezja ishte nj\u00eb shkenc\u00ebtare dhe artiste e sh\u00ebndetshme, 32-vje\u00e7are e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. Por ndryshe nga shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz q\u00eb vuajn\u00eb nga s\u00ebmundja, shenja e par\u00eb e infeksionit e Davis nuk ishte nj\u00eb koll\u00eb e that\u00eb ose ethe. Simptoma e saj e par\u00eb ishte se ajo nuk mund t\u00eb lexonte nj\u00eb mesazh me tekst nga nj\u00eb shoqe. Ajo mendoi se ishte thjesht e lodhur, por tronditja q\u00eb ndjeu nuk u largua pas nj\u00eb gjumi t\u00eb plot\u00eb t\u00eb nat\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb shum\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje neurologjike u pasuan. Ajo pati dhimbje koke t\u00eb papritura dhe t\u00eb forta. Hap\u00ebsira e v\u00ebmendjes s\u00eb saj vuajti. Ajo nuk mund t\u00eb shikonte TV apo t\u00eb luante loj\u00ebra video. Ajo kishte probleme t\u00eb p\u00ebrq\u00ebndrohej n\u00eb detyrat e p\u00ebrditshme si gatimi. Ajo do t\u00eb linte nj\u00eb tenxhere n\u00eb sob\u00eb dhe do ta harronte at\u00eb derisa ndjeu er\u00ebn e djegies s\u00eb ushqimit. Ajo nuk arriti t\u00eb shikonte nga t\u00eb dy an\u00ebt nd\u00ebrsa kalonte rrug\u00ebn, duke humbur trafikun. Ajo kurr\u00eb nuk kishte pasur ndonj\u00eb nga k\u00ebto \u00e7\u00ebshtje para COVID-19.<\/p>\n

Davis \u00ebsht\u00eb midis nj\u00eb pjese t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb pacient\u00ebve me COVID-19 – ndoshta deri n\u00eb 30 p\u00ebrqind, sipas nj\u00eb vler\u00ebsimi nga Institutet Komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb Sh\u00ebndetit<\/a> – t\u00eb cil\u00ebt vuajn\u00eb nga nj\u00eb lloj simptomash neurologjike ose psikiatrike. Edhe m\u00eb shqet\u00ebsuese \u00ebsht\u00eb se p\u00ebr shum\u00eb nga k\u00ebta individ\u00eb, si Davis, k\u00ebto \u00e7\u00ebshtje njoh\u00ebse mund t\u00eb zgjasin p\u00ebr jav\u00eb ose muaj pas infeksionit fillestar.<\/p>\n

Vitin e kaluar, dhjet\u00ebra spitale dhe sisteme t\u00eb kujdesit sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb vendin hap\u00ebn klinika pas COVID ,p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndihmuar pacient\u00ebt q\u00eb ishin pranuar n\u00eb nj\u00ebsit\u00eb e kujdesit intensiv me COVID-19 t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb. Por nd\u00ebrsa pandemia po zvarritet, ato klinika jan\u00eb mbushur me njer\u00ebz, q\u00eb nuk u shtruan kurr\u00eb n\u00eb spital, por vuajn\u00eb nga simptoma t\u00eb zgjatura, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb mjegull\u00ebn e trurit dhe \u00e7\u00ebshtje t\u00eb tjera njoh\u00ebse.<\/p>\n

“Pritja ishte q\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb k\u00ebta njer\u00ebz n\u00eb ICU do t\u00eb kishin v\u00ebrtet periudha t\u00eb zgjatura t\u00eb rim\u00ebk\u00ebmbjes<\/em>,” thot\u00eb Walter Koroshetz, drejtor i Institutit Komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb \u00c7rregullimeve Neurologjike dhe Goditjeve n\u00eb tru, pjes\u00eb e Institutit Komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb Sh\u00ebndetit. “Surpriza e madhe ishin njer\u00ebzit, q\u00eb kurr\u00eb nuk k\u00ebrkuan shtrimin n\u00eb spital q\u00eb kan\u00eb probleme t\u00eb vazhdueshme<\/em>.” Koroshetz po drejton nj\u00eb studim n\u00eb NIH<\/a>, p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar pse disa pacient\u00eb me COVID-19 sh\u00ebrohen m\u00eb shpejt se t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb m\u00ebsuar arsyet biologjike pse t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt nuk sh\u00ebrohen edhe muaj m\u00eb von\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Po fillon t\u00eb shfaqet nj\u00eb pamje se si COVID-19 i shkakton k\u00ebto \u00e7\u00ebshtje njoh\u00ebse. Ajo q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb pak e qart\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb se sa njer\u00ebz p\u00ebrfundimisht do t\u00eb sh\u00ebrohen dhe sa do t\u00eb lihen me efekte shkat\u00ebrruese afatgjata.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb vit e gjysm\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb, Davis mund t\u00eb punoj\u00eb vet\u00ebm disa or\u00eb n\u00eb dit\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb mjegull\u00ebs s\u00eb vazhdueshme t\u00eb trurit, humbjes s\u00eb kujtes\u00ebs afatshkurt\u00ebr dhe \u00e7\u00ebshtjeve t\u00eb tjera njoh\u00ebse. Ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb vizituar nga nj\u00eb duzin\u00eb specialist\u00ebsh mjek\u00ebsor\u00eb dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb diagnostikuar me disautonomi post-virale, nj\u00eb \u00e7rregullim i sistemit nervor, q\u00eb shkakton marramendje, rrahje t\u00eb shpejta t\u00eb zemr\u00ebs dhe frym\u00ebmarrje t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb, kur ngriheni nga ulur ose shtrir\u00eb. Ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb trajtohet me fludrocortisone, nj\u00eb kortikosteroid, ose midodrine, nj\u00eb ila\u00e7 p\u00ebr presionin e gjakut.<\/p>\n

“Un\u00eb kurr\u00eb nuk kam p\u00ebrjetuar di\u00e7ka t\u00eb till\u00eb n\u00eb jet\u00ebn time<\/em>,” thot\u00eb Davis. \u201cTrupi juaj ndihet sikur po prishet. Ju humbni ndjenj\u00ebn tuaj p\u00ebr veten<\/em>.”<\/p>\n

Testi i Madh Britanik i Inteligjenc\u00ebs<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Para fillimit t\u00eb pandemis\u00eb, neuroshkenc\u00ebtari njoh\u00ebs Adam Hampshire dhe koleg\u00ebt e tij n\u00eb Imperial College London po planifikonin nj\u00eb studim t\u00eb madh mbar\u00ebkomb\u00ebtar t\u00eb quajtur Testi i Inteligjenc\u00ebs s\u00eb Madhe Britanike<\/a>. Q\u00ebllimi i tyre: t\u00eb kuptojn\u00eb se si aft\u00ebsia njoh\u00ebse ndryshon n\u00eb mesin e popullat\u00ebs dhe si faktor\u00ebt si mosha, konsumi i alkoolit ose profesioni mund t\u00eb ndikojn\u00eb n\u00eb njohjen. Testi, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb anonim dhe k\u00ebrkon rreth gjysm\u00eb ore p\u00ebr t’u plot\u00ebsuar, p\u00ebrfshin nj\u00eb pyet\u00ebsor dhe ushtrime p\u00ebr t\u00eb matur aft\u00ebsit\u00eb e planifikimit dhe arsyetimit, kujtes\u00ebn e pun\u00ebs dhe hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e v\u00ebmendjes.<\/p>\n

Me ndihm\u00ebn e BBC, ekipi nisi sondazhin n\u00eb janar 2020. Nd\u00ebrsa pandemia filloi t\u00eb shpalosej n\u00eb Britani t\u00eb Madhe, Hampshire dhe koleg\u00ebt e tij kuptuan se kishin nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi unike p\u00ebr t\u00eb kapur t\u00eb dh\u00ebna njoh\u00ebse si p\u00ebr pacient\u00ebt me koronavirus, ashtu edhe p\u00ebr njer\u00ebzit e sh\u00ebndetsh\u00ebm. N\u00eb maj 2020, ata p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsuan testin p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb pyetje n\u00eb lidhje me p\u00ebrvojat me COVID-19.<\/p>\n

Nga m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 81,000 pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebs, q\u00eb mor\u00ebn pyet\u00ebsorin dhe testuan midis janarit dhe dhjetorit 2020, gati 13,000 njer\u00ebz raportuan infeksione t\u00eb COVID-19 q\u00eb ndryshonin nga t\u00eb lehta n\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnda. Midis atyre, rezultatet zbuluan se ata kishin probleme njoh\u00ebse n\u00eb krahasim me nj\u00eb grup, q\u00eb nuk vuante nga COVID-19.<\/p>\n

“N\u00eb ekstremin m\u00eb t\u00eb keq t\u00eb spektrit, njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb kishin shkuar n\u00eb spital dhe ishin v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb ventilator treguan n\u00ebnformanc\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe njoh\u00ebse<\/em>,” thot\u00eb Hampshire.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebta individ\u00eb kishin m\u00eb shum\u00eb probleme me arsyetimin, zgjidhjen e problemeve dhe planifikimin hap\u00ebsinor n\u00eb test n\u00eb krahasim me njer\u00ebzit e t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebs grupmosh\u00eb dhe prejardhje arsimore q\u00eb nuk ishin shtruar n\u00eb spital me COVID-19. Dallimi ishte i ngjash\u00ebm me r\u00ebnien mesatare njoh\u00ebse t\u00eb par\u00eb gjat\u00eb 10 viteve t\u00eb plakjes. Gjetjet u botuan n\u00eb The Lancet<\/a> m\u00eb 22 korrik.<\/p>\n

Truri i ICU<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Megjith\u00ebse gjetjet e Hampshire ting\u00ebllojn\u00eb befasuese, \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft e zakonshme q\u00eb pacient\u00ebt e pranuar n\u00eb ICU t\u00eb vuajn\u00eb nga probleme t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme njoh\u00ebse. Megan Hosey, nj\u00eb psikologe rehabilituese n\u00eb Mjek\u00ebsin\u00eb Johns Hopkins, thot\u00eb se rreth nj\u00eb e treta e pacient\u00ebve t\u00eb ICU, q\u00eb kan\u00eb d\u00ebshtim akut t\u00eb frym\u00ebmarrjes kan\u00eb simptoma t\u00eb ngjashme me ato t\u00eb d\u00ebmtimit traumatik t\u00eb trurit.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb arsye \u00ebsht\u00eb sepse pacient\u00ebt shpesh qet\u00ebsohen n\u00eb ICU p\u00ebr t\u00eb zvog\u00ebluar ankthin dhe shqet\u00ebsimin, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo e shkaktuar nga ventilator\u00ebt mekanik\u00eb. Qet\u00ebsuesit ngadal\u00ebsojn\u00eb aktivitetin e trurit dhe duke vepruar k\u00ebshtu mund t\u00eb shkaktojn\u00eb delirium, nj\u00eb ndryshim i papritur n\u00eb gjendjen mendore, q\u00eb \u00e7on n\u00eb konfuzion dhe \u00e7orientim. Pacient\u00ebt kan\u00eb probleme me fokusimin ose mund t\u00eb mos e din\u00eb se ku jan\u00eb; \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb gjendje q\u00eb mund t\u00eb zgjas\u00eb or\u00eb, dit\u00eb apo edhe jav\u00eb.<\/p>\n

“Ajo q\u00eb ne dim\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb se sa m\u00eb gjat\u00eb q\u00eb dikush \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb delir, aq m\u00eb keq do t\u00eb duket fotografia e tyre njoh\u00ebse n\u00eb planin afatgjat\u00eb<\/em>,” thot\u00eb Hosey.<\/p>\n

Por qet\u00ebsimi nuk shpjegon t\u00eb gjitha rastet e \u00e7\u00ebshtjeve neurologjike dhe njoh\u00ebse n\u00eb pacient\u00ebt me COVID t\u00eb gjat\u00eb, thot\u00eb ajo. Shum\u00eb pacient\u00eb me COVID-19 nuk kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr ventilator\u00eb, dhe t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt, si Davis, nuk jan\u00eb shtruar kurr\u00eb n\u00eb spital.<\/p>\n

Disa pacient\u00eb t\u00eb shtruar m\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb spital COVID-19 kan\u00eb probleme aq t\u00eb r\u00ebnda neurologjike dhe njoh\u00ebse saq\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb marrin pjes\u00eb n\u00eb shfaqjet e m\u00ebtejshme t\u00eb telefonit se si ndihen, thot\u00eb Jennifer Frontera, specialiste e kujdesit neuro-kritik n\u00eb NYU Langone Health.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb nj\u00eb studim t\u00eb botuar m\u00eb 15 korrik<\/a>, Frontera dhe koleg\u00ebt e saj kontrolluan p\u00ebr problemet neurologjike n\u00eb pacient\u00ebt e pranuar n\u00eb spital me COVID-19 t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb. Nga 382 pacient\u00eb, 50 p\u00ebrqind raportuan se kishin d\u00ebmtuar njohjen dhe nj\u00eb aft\u00ebsi t\u00eb zvog\u00ebluar p\u00ebr t\u00eb kryer aktivitete t\u00eb p\u00ebrditshme, p\u00ebr t\u00eb ecur ose p\u00ebr t’u kujdesur p\u00ebr veten e tyre gjasht\u00eb muaj pas shkarkimit. Nga ata q\u00eb punuan para se t\u00eb shtroheshin n\u00eb spital, 47 p\u00ebrqind nuk mund t\u00eb ktheheshin n\u00eb pun\u00ebt e tyre gjasht\u00eb muaj m\u00eb von\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Studiuesit gjithashtu zbuluan se nj\u00eb n\u00ebngrup i 382 pacient\u00ebve COVID-19 t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nuk kishin sindroma t\u00eb m\u00ebparshme neurologjike p\u00ebrjetuan goditje dhe konfiskime gjat\u00eb q\u00ebndrimit n\u00eb spital. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, individ\u00ebt me nj\u00eb histori t\u00eb problemeve neurologjike ishin n\u00eb rrezik m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb zhvilluar t\u00eb reja nd\u00ebrsa ishin shtruar n\u00eb spital me COVID-19, thot\u00eb Frontera. Gjetjet n\u00ebnvizojn\u00eb se sa d\u00ebm mund t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb COVID-19 n\u00eb sistemin nervor, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht ata q\u00eb zhvillojn\u00eb s\u00ebmundje t\u00eb r\u00ebnda.<\/p>\n

Efekte t\u00eb papritura<\/strong><\/h2>\n

N\u00eb sondazhin e njohjes n\u00eb Mbret\u00ebrin\u00eb e Bashkuar, nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e atyre q\u00eb kishin nj\u00eb rast t\u00eb konfirmuar t\u00eb COVID-19, por nuk u shtruan n\u00eb spital kishin gjithashtu deficite njoh\u00ebse, edhe pse jo aq t\u00eb r\u00ebnda sa grupi i shtruar. Studime t\u00eb tjera konfirmojn\u00eb se njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb p\u00ebrjetuan COVID-19 “t\u00eb but\u00eb” ose “t\u00eb moderuar” mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb probleme njoh\u00ebse t\u00eb zgjatura q\u00eb kan\u00eb nj\u00eb ndikim t\u00eb thell\u00eb n\u00eb jet\u00ebn e p\u00ebrditshme.<\/p>\n

Davis dhe t\u00eb tjer\u00eb si ajo kan\u00eb krijuar Pacific Led Research Collaborative, nj\u00eb grup i vet\u00eb-organizuar i pacient\u00ebve t\u00eb gjat\u00eb COVID-19 t\u00eb cil\u00ebt po mbledhin t\u00eb dh\u00ebna mbi simptomat neurologjike dhe simptoma t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme. N\u00eb nj\u00eb gazet\u00eb t\u00eb rishikuar<\/a> nga koleg\u00ebt e botuar m\u00eb 15 korrik, grupi i Davis zbuloi se nga afro 3,800 njer\u00ebz t\u00eb anketuar q\u00eb vuanin nga COVID e gjat\u00eb, 85 p\u00ebrqind raportuan “mjegull t\u00eb trurit”-t\u00eb cil\u00ebn autor\u00ebt e p\u00ebrcaktojn\u00eb si v\u00ebmendje e dob\u00ebt, zgjidhja e problemeve, funksionimi ekzekutiv , dhe vendimmarrje. Vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e vog\u00ebl e tyre-317 persona-ishin shtruar m\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb spital me COVID-19 t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb nj\u00eb klinik\u00eb post-COVID-19 n\u00eb Spitalin Memorial Northwestern n\u00eb \u00c7ikago, studiuesit zbuluan se shum\u00eb individ\u00eb me COVID t\u00eb gjat\u00eb nuk ishin shtruar kurr\u00eb n\u00eb spital, por kishin simptoma neurologjike q\u00eb zgjasnin m\u00eb shum\u00eb se gjasht\u00eb jav\u00eb. Nga 100 pacient\u00eb, manifestimet m\u00eb t\u00eb zakonshme neurologjike ishin mjegulla e trurit, mpirja dhe ndjesi shpimi gjilp\u00ebrash, t\u00eb cilat prek\u00ebn p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht 81 p\u00ebrqind dhe 60 p\u00ebrqind t\u00eb pacient\u00ebve, sipas nj\u00eb studimi t\u00eb botuar n\u00eb mars<\/a>. K\u00ebta individ\u00eb gjithashtu performuan m\u00eb keq n\u00eb detyrat njoh\u00ebse t\u00eb v\u00ebmendjes dhe kujtes\u00ebs s\u00eb pun\u00ebs n\u00eb krahasim me njer\u00ebzit n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn e tyre q\u00eb nuk ishin s\u00ebmur\u00eb me COVID-19.<\/p>\n

Sondimi i trurit<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Viruse t\u00eb tjer\u00eb si Nili Per\u00ebndimor, Zika, herpes simplex dhe virusi q\u00eb shkakton lis\u00eb s\u00eb dhenve dhe herpesit dihet se infektojn\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt trurin. Kur pacient\u00ebt me COVID-19 filluan t\u00eb raportojn\u00eb efekte an\u00ebsore kognitive dhe neurologjike vitin e kaluar, shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt pyesin n\u00ebse SARS-CoV-2 mund t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn gj\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Studiuesit filluan t\u00eb hetojn\u00eb trurin e njer\u00ebzve q\u00eb vdiq\u00ebn nga COVID-19 duke k\u00ebrkuar gjurm\u00eb t\u00eb virusit. Por indet e trurit jan\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtira p\u00ebr tu arritur. Pak njer\u00ebz e dhurojn\u00eb trurin e tyre p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkime, dhe protokollet strikte p\u00ebr trajtimin e indeve potencialisht infektive t\u00eb trurit e b\u00ebjn\u00eb studimin edhe m\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb. Si rezultat, k\u00ebto studime jan\u00eb t\u00eb vogla, shpesh duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl p\u00ebr disa duzina pacient\u00ebsh.<\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrsa disa<\/a> studime<\/a> kan\u00eb zbuluar pranin\u00eb e virusit n\u00eb neuronet dhe qelizat e tyre glia mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebse, t\u00eb cilat mbajn\u00eb neuronet s\u00eb bashku si ngjit\u00ebs, shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt tani mendojn\u00eb se nuk ka gjasa q\u00eb SARS-CoV-2 t\u00eb infektoj\u00eb qelizat e trurit, t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn n\u00eb sasi t\u00eb mjaftueshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb shkaktuar neurologji d\u00ebmtimi. N\u00ebse virusi \u00ebsht\u00eb fare i pranish\u00ebm atje, ka t\u00eb ngjar\u00eb n\u00eb sasi shum\u00eb t\u00eb vogla ose gjendet n\u00eb en\u00ebt e gjakut t\u00eb trurit.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb studim i Universitetit Columbia me 40 njer\u00ebz q\u00eb vdiq\u00ebn nga COVID-19 nuk gjeti asnj\u00eb d\u00ebshmi t\u00eb ARN-s\u00eb virale ose proteinave n\u00eb mostrat e qelizave t\u00eb trurit t\u00eb pacientit. Rezultatet u botuan n\u00eb prill n\u00eb revist\u00ebn Brain<\/a>. Autor\u00ebt sugjerojn\u00eb q\u00eb raportet e m\u00ebparshme t\u00eb virusit t\u00eb zbuluar n\u00eb qelizat e trurit mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb kontaminimit gjat\u00eb autopsis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

“Fakti q\u00eb SARS-CoV-2 potencialisht po shkakton k\u00ebto efekte njoh\u00ebse n\u00eb distanc\u00eb e b\u00ebn at\u00eb pak t\u00eb pazakont\u00eb,” thot\u00eb Christopher Bartley, nj\u00eb bashk\u00ebpun\u00ebtor postdoktoral n\u00eb imunopsikiatri n\u00eb Universitetin e Kalifornis\u00eb, San Francisko, i cili nuk ishte p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb Studimi i Kolumbis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Mekanizmat biologjik\u00eb<\/strong><\/h2>\n

N\u00ebse SARS-CoV-2 nuk infekton qelizat e trurit, si \u00ebsht\u00eb kaq shkat\u00ebrruese p\u00ebr njohjen? Ekzistojn\u00eb dy hipoteza kryesore. E para \u00ebsht\u00eb se infeksioni n\u00eb nj\u00eb far\u00eb m\u00ebnyre shkakton inflamacion n\u00eb tru. Disa pacient\u00eb me COVID-19 kan\u00eb p\u00ebsuar encefalit, ose \u00ebnjtje t\u00eb trurit, e cila mund t\u00eb shkaktoj\u00eb konfuzion dhe shikim t\u00eb dyfisht\u00eb, dhe n\u00eb raste t\u00eb r\u00ebnda, probleme me t\u00eb folurin, d\u00ebgjimin ose shikimin. N\u00ebse nuk trajtohen, pacient\u00ebt mund t\u00eb zhvillojn\u00eb probleme njoh\u00ebse. Viruset si Nili Per\u00ebndimor dhe Zika mund t\u00eb shkaktojn\u00eb encefalit duke infektuar drejtp\u00ebrdrejt qelizat e trurit, por sesi COVID-19 mund t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb inflamacion t\u00eb trurit \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb pak e qart\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje imune, e njohur si autoimuniteti, mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb fajtor<\/a> p\u00ebr disa raste t\u00eb inflamacionit n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb trupin, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb trurin. Kur sistemi imunitar po lufton nj\u00eb s\u00ebmundje si COVID-19, ai l\u00ebshon antitrupa p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb luft\u00eb kund\u00ebr infeksionit. Por ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb sistemi imunitar i nj\u00eb personi b\u00ebhet hiperaktiv dhe n\u00eb vend t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj fillon t\u00eb prodhoj\u00eb antitrupa vet\u00eb-sulmues, t\u00eb njohur si autoantitrupa, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt mund t\u00eb kontribuojn\u00eb n\u00eb inflamacion dhe mpiksjen e gjakut. K\u00ebto autoantitrupa jan\u00eb gjetur n\u00eb l\u00ebngun cerebrospinal t\u00eb pacient\u00ebve<\/a> me COVID-19 me simptoma neurologjike.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb studimin e Columbia, studiuesit gjet\u00ebn grupe mikroglie – qeliza t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta imune n\u00eb tru, puna e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb pastrojn\u00eb neuronet e d\u00ebmtuara – q\u00eb dukej se sulmonin neuronet e sh\u00ebndetshme. Fenomeni quhet neuronofagi. Shumica e k\u00ebtyre mikroglive mashtruese ishin n\u00eb trurin e trurit, i cili rregullon rrahjet e zemr\u00ebs, frym\u00ebmarrjen dhe gjumin. Studiuesit mendojn\u00eb se k\u00ebto mikroglia mund t\u00eb aktivizohen nga molekulat sinjalizuese t\u00eb quajtura citokina inflamatore q\u00eb gjenden tek pacient\u00ebt me COVID-19 t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb. K\u00ebto molekula supozohet t\u00eb ndihmojn\u00eb n\u00eb rregullimin e sistemit imunitar, por trupat e disa njer\u00ebzve l\u00ebshojn\u00eb shum\u00eb citokina inflamatore n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb nj\u00eb infeksioni viral.<\/p>\n

Kur studiuesit n\u00eb Stanford shikuan indet e trurit nga tet\u00eb pacient\u00eb q\u00eb vdiq\u00ebn nga COVID-19, ata gjithashtu vun\u00eb re shenja t\u00eb inflamacionit n\u00eb krahasim me 14 tru t\u00eb kontrolluar. Duke p\u00ebrdorur nj\u00eb teknik\u00eb t\u00eb quajtur sekuencimi i ARN-s\u00eb me nj\u00eb qeliz\u00eb, ata zbuluan se qindra gjene t\u00eb lidhura me inflamacionin u aktivizuan n\u00eb qelizat e trurit nga pacient\u00ebt me COVID-19 n\u00eb krahasim me kontrollet.<\/p>\n

Ata gjithashtu vun\u00eb re ndryshime molekulare n\u00eb korteksin cerebral, pjesa e trurit e p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb vendimmarrje dhe kujtes\u00eb q\u00eb sugjeruan sinjalizimin e \u00e7ekuilibrave n\u00eb neuronet. Pabarazit\u00eb e ngjashme jan\u00eb par\u00eb tek pacient\u00ebt me s\u00ebmundjen e Alzheimerit. Rezultatet u botuan<\/a> n\u00eb Nature n\u00eb qershor.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb shpjegim i dyt\u00eb p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjet njoh\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb se COVID-19 mund t\u00eb kufizoj\u00eb rrjedhjen e gjakut n\u00eb tru dhe ta privoj\u00eb at\u00eb nga oksigjeni. N\u00eb pacient\u00ebt q\u00eb kan\u00eb vdekur nga COVID-19, studiuesit kan\u00eb gjetur d\u00ebshmi t\u00eb d\u00ebmtimit t\u00eb indeve t\u00eb trurit<\/a> t\u00eb shkaktuara nga hipoksia, ose mungesa e oksigjenit.<\/p>\n

“Truri \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb organ q\u00eb k\u00ebrkon shum\u00eb oksigjen p\u00ebr t\u00eb kryer pun\u00ebn e tij,” thot\u00eb Billie Schultz, nj\u00eb fiziatre n\u00eb Klinik\u00ebn Mayo n\u00eb Rochester, Minesota, e cila u specializua n\u00eb rehabilitimin e pacient\u00ebve me goditje n\u00eb tru dhe d\u00ebmtime traumatike t\u00eb trurit para goditjes COVID-19.<\/p>\n

Simptoma t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb shoq\u00ebrojn\u00eb sindrom\u00ebn pas COVID-19-dhimbje, lodhje dhe gul\u00e7im-mund t\u00eb ndikojn\u00eb negativisht edhe n\u00eb njohjen, thot\u00eb Schultz. \u201cNuk \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje e trurit; \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje e trupit t\u00eb shum\u00eb sistemeve q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb adresohet. ”<\/p>\n

Kriza tjet\u00ebr sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Schultz shpreson q\u00eb shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz q\u00eb p\u00ebrjetojn\u00eb probleme njoh\u00ebse t\u00eb vazhdueshme nga COVID-19 t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsohen p\u00ebrfundimisht. Shum\u00eb pacient\u00eb me goditje n\u00eb tru dhe d\u00ebmtime traumatike t\u00eb trurit p\u00ebrjetojn\u00eb sh\u00ebrim spontan, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin truri sh\u00ebrohet brenda tre deri n\u00eb gjasht\u00eb muaj.<\/p>\n

Por t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt shqet\u00ebsohen se \u00e7\u00ebshtjet njoh\u00ebse t\u00eb shkaktuara nga COVID-19 mund t\u00eb \u00e7ojn\u00eb n\u00eb demenc\u00eb. N\u00eb Konferenc\u00ebn Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare t\u00eb Shoqat\u00ebs Alzheimer n\u00eb korrik, shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt paraqit\u00ebn k\u00ebrkime<\/a>, q\u00eb tregojn\u00eb se pacient\u00ebt e shtruar n\u00eb COVID-19 kishin biomarkues t\u00eb gjakut, neurodegjenerim dhe inflamacion t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm me ata me s\u00ebmundjen e Alzheimerit. Hulumtimi ende nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb rishikuar nga koleg\u00ebt.<\/p>\n

Heather Snyder, n\u00ebnkryetare e marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve mjek\u00ebsore dhe shkencore n\u00eb Shoqat\u00ebn Alzheimer, paralajm\u00ebron se gjetjet nuk n\u00ebnkuptojn\u00eb domosdoshm\u00ebrisht q\u00eb dikush q\u00eb merr COVID-19 ka m\u00eb shum\u00eb gjasa t\u00eb zhvilloj\u00eb Alzheimer ose nj\u00eb lloj tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb demenc\u00ebs. “Ne ende po p\u00ebrpiqemi t’i kuptojm\u00eb ato shoqata,” thot\u00eb ajo.<\/p>\n

Tani p\u00ebr tani, nuk ka trajtime specifike p\u00ebr mjegull\u00ebn e trurit t\u00eb lidhur me COVID, humbjen e kujtes\u00ebs dhe efekte t\u00eb tjera njoh\u00ebse. N\u00eb vend t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj, mjek\u00ebt po p\u00ebrdorin terapi njoh\u00ebse, terapi profesionale ose patologji t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb t\u00eb folurit p\u00ebr t\u00eb trajtuar simptomat. Shum\u00eb studime, si ai i NIH, po p\u00ebrpiqen t\u00eb kuptojn\u00eb mekanizmat themelor\u00eb t\u00eb mosfunksionimit njoh\u00ebs n\u00eb pacient\u00ebt e gjat\u00eb me COVID me shpres\u00ebn e identifikimit t\u00eb trajtimeve t\u00eb mundshme.<\/p>\n

“Ne dhe t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt po mbledhim t\u00eb dh\u00ebna anekdotike nga pacient\u00ebt se \u00e7far\u00eb i ka ndihmuar ata, por ne jemi larg terapive p\u00ebrfundimtare,” thot\u00eb Frontera.<\/p>\n

Vet\u00ebm n\u00eb SHBA, miliona njer\u00ebz kan\u00eb zhvilluar probleme t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme njoh\u00ebse dhe neurologjike shum\u00eb koh\u00eb pas nj\u00eb infeksioni fillestar COVID-19. Disa nga k\u00ebta pacient\u00eb mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb me aft\u00ebsi t\u00eb kufizuara p\u00ebrgjithmon\u00eb dhe kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr kujdes afatgjat\u00eb. “Shqet\u00ebsimi im \u00ebsht\u00eb se ne do t\u00eb kemi nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb madh t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb q\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb n\u00eb baz\u00ebn e tyre njoh\u00ebse. Ata nuk mund t\u00eb kthehen n\u00eb pun\u00eb, ose t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn jo n\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb, \u201dthot\u00eb Frontera. “Ne as nuk kemi menduar p\u00ebr implikimet afatgjata. Mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb goditje e jasht\u00ebzakonshme p\u00ebr ekonomin\u00eb. \u201d<\/p>\n

Davis thot\u00eb se pjesa m\u00eb e frikshme n\u00eb lidhje me efektet njoh\u00ebse t\u00eb COVID-19 \u00ebsht\u00eb se njer\u00ebzit e t\u00eb gjitha moshave dhe statusit sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor jan\u00eb t\u00eb prekur. “Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb di\u00e7ka p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn t\u00eb gjith\u00eb jan\u00eb n\u00eb rrezik, dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht e dob\u00ebt.”<\/p>\n

Sh\u00ebnim i redaktorit: Ky artikull \u00ebsht\u00eb aktualizuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb korrigjuar numrin e pacient\u00ebve n\u00eb studimet n\u00eb lidhje me COVID-19 dhe njohjen.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Radiologu Arshid Azarine (R) konsultohet me nj\u00eb ekip mjek\u00ebsor, nd\u00ebrsa ata kryejn\u00eb nj\u00eb skanim MRI mbi nj\u00eb pacient n\u00eb spitalin Paris Saint-Joseph m\u00eb 29 tetor 2020 n\u00eb Paris, Franc\u00eb. Franca ka vendosur nj\u00eb bllokim tjet\u00ebr komb\u00ebtar, pasi numri i rasteve t\u00eb koronavirusit rritet gjat\u00eb val\u00ebs s\u00eb dyt\u00eb. Spitalet po arrijn\u00eb ngopjen dhe rastet urgjente t\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":71015,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,173],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-71014","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-artikuj","category-covid-19"],"yoast_head":"\nSi ndikon COVID-19 n\u00eb tru? 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