{"id":71034,"date":"2021-08-25T01:35:19","date_gmt":"2021-08-24T23:35:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fjala.info\/?p=71034"},"modified":"2021-08-25T01:57:43","modified_gmt":"2021-08-24T23:57:43","slug":"afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\/","title":{"rendered":"Afganistani – Zemra e Azis\u00eb dje dhe sot"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u201cNe po flasim p\u00ebr njer\u00ebz shum\u00eb, shum\u00eb armiq\u00ebsor\u00eb. K\u00ebta jan\u00eb njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb tani thon\u00eb: \u2018Ne kemi 40,000 pengje amerikan\u00eb. \u00c7far\u00eb do t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb me ta.\u2019 K\u00ebshtu mendojn\u00eb ata. Dhe n\u00ebse mendoni se kjo p\u00ebrfundoi dje, nuk keni par\u00eb asgj\u00eb. Dhe kjo nuk do t\u00eb jet\u00eb asgj\u00eb n\u00eb krahasim me Jimmy Carter me pengjet e tij. Ai humbi p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj historie. Carter me pengjet e tij \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb kikirik, nj\u00eb term i mir\u00eb kur po flasim p\u00ebr Jimmy Carter, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb kikirik n\u00eb krahasim me at\u00eb q\u00eb po ndodh k\u00ebtu. Ata kan\u00eb 40,000 njer\u00ebz, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos p\u00ebrmendur t\u00eb gjith\u00eb afgan\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb, q\u00eb duhej t\u00eb ndihmonim. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb turpi m\u00eb i madh n\u00eb historin\u00eb e Amerik\u00ebs<\/em>. Qytetar\u00ebt amerikan\u00eb,\u00a0 duhet t\u00eb dalin s\u00eb pari nga vendi, pastaj ju duhet t\u00eb merrni t\u00eb gjitha pajisjet tuaja ushtarake. Ne kemi 300,000 miliarda dollar\u00eb pajisje. Ata kan\u00eb helikopter\u00eb t\u00eb rinj Blackha\u00ebk. Ata kan\u00eb gjith\u00e7ka. Dhe t\u00eb fundit p\u00ebr t\u00eb dal\u00eb duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb ushtar\u00ebt, dhe sinqerisht do t\u00eb kisha bombarduar secil\u00ebn nga fortesat, sepse e dija q\u00eb ata nuk do t\u00eb m\u00eb lejonin ta b\u00ebj k\u00ebt\u00eb<\/em>. \u201dQengji po \u00e7ohet n\u00eb thertore. Duhet t\u00eb largosh njer\u00ebzit tan\u00eb (amerikan\u00eb) nga Afganistani. A mund t\u2019a imagjinoni q\u00eb ushtria juaj t\u00eb shkoj\u00eb n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi dhe t’i l\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb ata njer\u00ebz n\u00eb dor\u00eb t\u00eb taleban\u00ebve!? Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00ebsoj sikur t\u00eb d\u00ebrgosh qengjin n\u00eb thertore. K\u00ebshtu q\u00eb ushtria juaj shkon n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi. Ata harruan t\u00eb mbrojn\u00eb divizionet tona, ata harruan t\u00eb mbrojn\u00eb Ambasad\u00ebn e SHBA-s\u00eb n\u00eb Kabul. Por, k\u00ebtu \u00ebsht\u00eb problem. T\u00ebrheqja \u00ebsht\u00eb gj\u00ebja e duhur p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb, por m\u00ebnyra se si u t\u00ebrhoq\u00ebn ishte e turpshme. Asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk ka pasur t\u00ebrheqje m\u00eb t\u00eb keqe se kjo. Asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk ka pasur nj\u00eb grup njer\u00ebzish m\u00eb budallenj q\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqeshin. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e pabesueshme, kur nj\u00eb ushtarak largohet s\u00eb pari dhe m\u00eb pas thot\u00eb: \u2018Oh, ne duhet t\u00eb kthehemi dhe t\u00eb marrim njer\u00ebzit tan\u00eb\u2019<\/em>.\u201d \u2013 Donald J. Trump Presidenti i 45-t\u00eb i SHBA-s\u00eb <\/strong>(Fox News)<\/p>\n

Klajd Kapinova<\/strong><\/p>\n

2.26 trilion ose 300 milion dollar\u00eb \u00e7do dit\u00eb p\u00ebr 20 vjet luft\u00eb n\u00eb Afganistan<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Taliban\u00ebt radikal islamik<\/strong>, n\u00eb nj\u00eb goditje trondit\u00ebse rrufe, kan\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb Afganistanin n\u00eb m\u00eb pak se nj\u00eb muaj, nd\u00ebrsa ushtria afgane prej 300,000 vet\u00ebsh me armatime amerikane u shkri si kripa n\u00eb uj\u00eb. Absurdi dhe trathtia politike dhe kombetare arriti kulmin papritur, kur Presidenti frikacak afgan Ashraf Ghani, iku n\u00eb Taxhikistan, gjat\u00eb fundjav\u00ebs (e diele 15 gusht 2021).<\/p>\n

Ai kishte punuar n\u00ebn rr\u00ebgost p\u00ebr armiq\u00ebt, kur pranoi n\u00eb nj\u00eb deklarat\u00eb, se taleban\u00ebt kishin fituar, \u201cme gjykimin e shpatave dhe arm\u00ebve t\u00eb tyre, dhe tani jan\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs p\u00ebr nderin, pron\u00ebn dhe vet\u00ebruajtjen e bashkatdhetar\u00ebve t\u00eb tyre…<\/em>\u201c Kjo u provua, edhe kur media m\u00ebsoi turpin tjet\u00ebr se v\u00ebllai i Presidentit afgan iu bashkua me d\u00ebshir\u00eb k\u00ebto dit\u00eb forcave radikale islamike t\u00eb taleban\u00ebve kriminel\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Pabesia e tij u justifikua me faktin se taleban\u00ebt u ulen t\u00eb sigurt\u00eb n\u00eb tryez\u00ebn e Presidenc\u00ebs t\u00eb l\u00ebshuar me trathti nga ai, vet\u00ebm disa or\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb pasi gjarp\u00ebri i pabes\u00eb <\/em>pseudo President Ashraf Ghani u largua nga vendi si hajdut ordiner.<\/p>\n

Sot, mij\u00ebra p\u00ebrkthyes dhe familjet e tyre presin viza p\u00ebr t<\/em>\u00eb hyr\u00eb <\/em>n\u00eb SHBA,<\/em> nd\u00ebrsa luft\u00ebtar\u00ebt taleban\u00eb parakalojn\u00eb triumfalisht mbi makinat, tanket etj., dhe mbajn\u00eb n\u00eb duar armatimet e tjera t\u00eb shtrenjta, t\u00eb kapura mbas braktisjes nga ushtria amerikane n\u00eb ikje…<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Kur sheh bilancin e luft\u00ebs, sheh se kjo ishte lufta m\u00eb e kushtueshme n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb historin\u00eb e SHBA-s\u00eb. N\u00eb 20 vitet q\u00eb nga 11 shtatori i vitit 2001, SHBA kan\u00eb shpenzuar m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 2,26 trilion dollar\u00eb p\u00ebr luft\u00ebn n\u00eb Afganistan<\/em><\/strong>, me nj\u00eb kost\u00eb 300 milion dollar\u00eb \u00e7do dit\u00eb, p\u00ebr dy dekada ose ndryshe mbi 50,000 dollar\u00eb p\u00ebr secilin prej 40 milion\u00eb njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb vendit aziatik.<\/p>\n

E shpieguar n\u00eb terma m\u00eb t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb, analist\u00ebt thon\u00eb se xhaxhai Sam (<\/em><\/strong>SHBA),<\/strong><\/em> ka shpenzuar m\u00eb shum\u00eb duke i mbajtur taleban\u00ebt larg, sesa pasurit\u00eb neto t\u00eb Jeff Bezos, Elon Musk, Bill Gates dhe 30 miliarder\u00ebve m\u00eb t\u00eb pasur n\u00eb Amerik\u00eb, t\u00eb marr\u00eb s\u00eb bashku.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebto shifra p\u00ebrrallore, p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb 800 miliard\u00eb dollar\u00eb n\u00eb kosto t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejta t\u00eb luft\u00ebs dhe 85 miliard\u00eb dollar\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, p\u00ebr t\u00eb trajnuar ushtrin\u00eb e d\u00ebshtuar afgane, e cila u grumbullua n\u00eb jav\u00ebt q\u00eb nga mbyllja e papritur e Pentagonit n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb korrikut t\u00eb Baz\u00ebs s\u00eb Forcave Ajrore Bagram, duke eliminuar premtimin e mb\u00ebshtetjes ajrore kund\u00ebr taleban\u00ebve q\u00eb ishin n\u00eb p\u00ebrparim.<\/p>\n

Nga ana e tjet\u00ebr, duke q\u00ebndruar s\u00ebrisht n\u00eb shifrat marramend\u00ebse astronomike t\u00eb shpenzimeve amerikane, n\u00ebnvizohet fakti tjet\u00ebr se taxampaguesit u kan\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb ushtar\u00ebve afgan\u00eb 750 milion\u00eb dollar\u00eb n\u00eb vit n\u00eb list\u00ebn e pagave t\u00eb tyre t\u00eb shtrenjta<\/em><\/strong>. Si\u00e7 thuhet, Projekti i Kostove t\u00eb Luft\u00ebs t\u00eb Universitetit Brown vler\u00ebson se shpenzimet totale jan<\/em><\/strong>\u00eb <\/em>n\u00eb 2.26 trilion\u00eb dollar\u00eb.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Dhe kostot jan\u00eb edhe m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha p\u00ebrsa i p\u00ebrket jet\u00ebs s\u00eb njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb humbur n\u00eb luft\u00eb. Deri tani ka pasur mbi 2,500 vdekje nga ushtria amerikane n\u00eb Afganistan dhe gati 4,000 kontraktor\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb civil\u00eb amerikan\u00eb t\u00eb vrar\u00eb n<\/em><\/strong>\u00eb rrethana t\u00eb ndryshme<\/em><\/strong>. Kjo zbehet n<\/em><\/strong>\u00ebse tregohen<\/em><\/strong> shifra t<\/em><\/strong>\u00eb tjera, si: 69,000 t\u00eb vrar\u00eb nga radh\u00ebt e<\/em><\/strong> policis\u00eb ushtarake afgane, 47,000 civil\u00eb t\u00eb vrar\u00eb, dhe plus 51,000 luft\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb vdekur t\u00eb opozit\u00ebs (taleban<\/em><\/strong>\u00eb<\/em><\/strong>)<\/em>. <\/em><\/strong>Kostoja e deritanishme p\u00ebr t’u kujdesur p\u00ebr 20,000 viktima amerikane ka qen\u00eb 300 miliard\u00eb dollar\u00eb, dhe me gjysm\u00eb trilion t\u00eb tjer\u00eb q\u00eb pritet t\u00eb vijn\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb shpenzimet do t\u00eb vijojn\u00eb edhe p\u00ebr shum\u00eb koh\u00eb deri sa t\u00eb b\u00ebhet t\u00ebrheqja e plot\u00eb e trupave amerikane nga Afganistani. Dihet se Shtetet e Bashkuara e kan\u00eb financuar luft\u00ebn afgane me para t\u00eb huazuara. Studiuesit e Universitetit Brown, vler\u00ebsojn\u00eb se m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 500 miliard\u00eb dollar\u00eb interes jan\u00eb paguar (p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe shum\u00ebn totale prej 2.26 trilion dollar\u00eb), dhe ata vler\u00ebsojn\u00eb se deri n\u00eb vitin 2050 kostoja e interesit vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr borxhin ton\u00eb t\u00eb luft\u00ebs afgane mund t\u00eb arrij\u00eb 6.5 trilion\u00eb dollar\u00eb. Kjo arrin n\u00eb 20,000 dollar\u00eb p\u00ebr secilin qytetar amerikan.<\/p>\n

Disa afgan\u00eb ishin aq t\u00eb d\u00ebshp\u00ebruar p\u00ebr t\u00eb ikur nga sundimi i taleban\u00ebve, saq\u00eb u kap\u00ebn pas mjeteve t\u00eb uljes s\u00eb transportit, q\u00eb niseshin nga aeroporti i Kabulit, p\u00ebr t\u00eb r\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb vdekur kur avioni filloi t\u00eb ngjitej n\u00eb aj\u00ebr.<\/p>\n

Ka edhe m\u00eb pak shpres\u00eb p\u00ebr shp\u00ebtim p\u00ebr brezin e grave dhe vajzave afgane, q\u00eb u rrit\u00ebn n\u00eb nj\u00eb koh\u00eb disi m\u00eb t\u00eb liberalizuar, por tani p\u00ebrballen me burka t\u00eb detyrueshme dhe me perspektivat e zhdukura p\u00ebr arsimim dhe pun\u00ebsim (nj\u00eb vazhdim i “Luft\u00ebs kund\u00ebr Grave” t\u00eb taleban\u00ebve.) jan\u00eb rreth 1.6 milion gra m\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuara n\u00eb fuqin\u00eb pun\u00ebtore t\u00eb Afganistanit sesa 20 vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb. Taliban\u00ebt premtojn\u00eb se do ta p\u00ebrmbysin at\u00eb, me nj\u00eb kosto njer\u00ebzore t\u00eb pallogaritshme.<\/p>\n

SHBA n\u00eb Luft\u00ebn n\u00eb Afganistan 2001\u20132021<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>Lufta n\u00eb Afganistan ishte nj\u00eb konflikt q\u00eb u zhvillua nga 2001 deri n\u00eb 2021. Ajo filloi me nj\u00eb pushtim frontal, q\u00eb \u00e7oi n\u00eb Shtetet e Bashkuara dhe aleat\u00ebt e saj q\u00eb t\u00eb rr\u00ebzonin Emiratin Islamik t\u00eb Afganistanit, t\u00eb sunduar nga taleban\u00ebt n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t’i mohonin al-Qaed\u00ebs nj\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb sigurt operacionesh n\u00eb vend.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb periudh\u00ebs lufta u zhvillua zyrtarisht midis aleat\u00ebve t\u00eb SHBA, NATO dhe Forcave t\u00eb Armatosura Afgane, dhe kund\u00ebrshtar\u00ebve t\u00eb kryengrit\u00ebsve terrorist\u00eb taleban\u00eb. Ata rifituan pushtetin dhe ri-themeluan Emiratin 19 vjet e 8 muaj m\u00eb von\u00eb, duke fituar k\u00ebshtu luft\u00ebn. Kjo ishte lufta m\u00eb e gjat\u00eb n\u00eb historin\u00eb e SHBA-s\u00eb, duke tejkaluar Luft\u00ebn e Vietnamit me af\u00ebrsisht 5 muaj.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Pas sulmeve t\u00eb 11 shtatorit n\u00eb vitin 2001, Presidenti George W. Bush k\u00ebrkoi q\u00eb taleban\u00ebt (q\u00eb n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb de facto sundonin Afganistanin), t\u00eb dor\u00ebzonin terroristin #1 m\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuarin n\u00eb bot\u00eb Osama bin Laden. Refuzimi i taleban\u00ebve p\u00ebr t\u2019a ekstraduar at\u00eb n\u00eb SHBA, \u00e7oi n\u00eb Operacionin Liria e Q\u00ebndrueshme<\/em>. Asokohe taleban\u00ebt dhe aleat\u00ebt e tyre t\u00eb Al-Kaed\u00ebs, u mund\u00ebn kryesisht n\u00eb vend nga forcat e udh\u00ebhequra nga SHBA, dhe Aleanca Veriore (NATO), e cila kishte luftuar taleban\u00ebt q\u00eb nga viti 1996.<\/p>\n

Pas p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb objektivave fillestare, nj\u00eb koalicion me mbi 40 vende (p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e NATO-s) formuan nj\u00eb mision sigurie n\u00eb vend t\u00eb quajtur Forca Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare e Ndihm\u00ebs s\u00eb Siguris\u00eb (ISAF) dhe Misioni i Mb\u00ebshtetjes Vendos\u00ebse (RS) n\u00eb vitin 2014, nga t\u00eb cil\u00ebt an\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar ishin t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb luftime ushtarake aleate me qeverin\u00eb e Afganistanit.<\/p>\n

Lufta kryesisht p\u00ebrb\u00ebhej nga kryengritjet talebane, q\u00eb luftonin kund\u00ebr Forcave t\u00eb Armatosura Afgane dhe forcave aleate; shumica e ushtar\u00ebve dhe personelit t\u00eb ISAF\/RS ishin amerikan\u00eb. Lufta u kodua nga SHBA si Operacioni Liria e Q\u00ebndrueshme e cila p\u00ebrfshiu vitet 2001\u20132014 dhe s\u00ebdyti nga Operacioni Liria e Sentinelit, q\u00eb zgjati 6 vjet nga viti 2015 deri m\u00eb 16 gusht 2021.<\/p>\n

Sipas projektit t\u00eb Kostove t\u00eb Luft\u00ebs n\u00eb Universitetin Brown, q\u00eb nga prilli 2021, lufta ka vrar\u00eb 171,000 deri n\u00eb 174,000 njer\u00ebz n\u00eb Afganistan; 47,245 civil\u00eb afgan\u00eb, 66,000 deri 69,000 ushtar\u00eb dhe polic\u00eb afgan\u00eb dhe t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn 51,000 luft\u00ebtar\u00eb taleban\u00eb.<\/em><\/strong> Megjithat\u00eb, numri i t\u00eb vdekurve \u00ebsht\u00eb ndoshta m\u00eb i lart\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb vdekjeve t\u00eb pallogaritura nga \u201cs\u00ebmundjet, humbja e aksesit n\u00eb ushqim, mungesa e uji t\u00eb pijsh\u00ebm, infrastruktur\u00eb dhe\/ose pasoja t\u00eb tjera indirekte t\u00eb luft\u00ebs<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Sipas OKB-s\u00eb, pas pushtimit t\u00eb vitit 2001, m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 5.7 milion ish refugjat\u00eb u kthyen n\u00eb Afganistan. Megjithat\u00eb, q\u00eb nga ofensiva e rinovuar e taleban\u00ebve n\u00eb vitin 2021, 2.6 milion\u00eb afgan\u00eb mbeten refugjat\u00eb ose kan\u00eb ikur, kryesisht n\u00eb Pakistan dhe Iran, dhe 4 milion\u00eb afgan\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb mbeten persona t\u00eb zhvendosur brenda vendit brenda vendit.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Kontradiktat dhe g\u00ebnjeshtrat e p\u00ebrseritura profesionale t\u00eb Joe Bidenit<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Sleepy Joe Biden, ka g\u00ebnjyer m\u00eb 8 korrik 2021, duke th\u00ebn\u00eb se: “Mund\u00ebsia, q\u00eb taliban\u00ebt t\u00eb kap\u00ebrcejn\u00eb gjith\u00e7ka dhe t\u00eb zot\u00ebrojn\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb vendin \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e pamundur<\/em>.”<\/p>\n

I vet\u00ebquajturi krytar shteti Joe Biden dhe Kamala Harris mbajt\u00ebn nj\u00eb video-konferenc\u00eb me ekipin e Siguris\u00eb Komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb SHBA-s\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb diskutuar mbi situat\u00ebn e r\u00ebnd\u00eb, t\u00eb krijuar nga ai vet\u00eb n\u00eb Kabul m\u00eb 15 gusht 2021.<\/p>\n

Pas r\u00ebnies s\u00eb Kabulit, Biden mbajti nj\u00eb konferenc\u00eb shtypi me pyetje parap\u00ebrgatitura t\u00eb kontrolluara dhe shpesh pa p\u00ebrgjigje nga ana e tij m\u00eb 16 gusht 2021 n\u00eb Sht\u00ebpin\u00eb e Bradh\u00eb, duke n\u00ebnvizuar g\u00ebnjehtr\u00ebn e turpshme, se forcat amerikane nga at\u00ebher\u00eb do t\u00eb ndihmonin vet\u00ebm n\u00eb evakuimet nga Aeroporti Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar Hamid Karzai<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Kur u pyet nga gazetar\u00ebt e tij servil\u00eb (q\u00eb e kishin sjell\u00eb n\u00eb pushtet me vota fallco dhe manipulime t\u00eb m\u00ebdha), pse ai kishte dh\u00ebn\u00eb urdh\u00ebr t\u00eb largohen ushtar\u00ebt amerikan\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb se sa civil\u00ebt kontraktor\u00eb dhe personeli tjet\u00ebr amerikan\u00eb, ai heshti dhe nuk dha p\u00ebrgjigje\u2026<\/p>\n

N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb kritikave n\u00eb rritje p\u00ebr vendimin e tij p\u00ebr t’u t\u00ebrhequr nga Afganistani, Biden argumentoi, se: \u201cAl Kaeda kishte qen\u00eb objektivi kryesor i pushtimit dhe tani ishte “degraduar r\u00ebnd\u00eb” dhe se forcat amerikane nuk duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e kombit ose antikryengritjen.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Kjo logjik\u00eb e g\u00ebnjesht\u00ebrt e tij megjithat\u00eb u kund\u00ebrshtua nga revista prestigjioze amerikane Politico<\/strong><\/em>, i cili, zbuloi fakte historike se Joe Biden kishte qen\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb nj\u00eb avokat kok\u00ebfort\u00eb mbrojt\u00ebs, p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e kombit, duke deklaruar si senator n\u00eb vitin 2003, se: “Alternativa e nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb kombit \u00ebsht\u00eb kaosi, nj\u00eb kaos q\u00eb shkakton kryekomandant\u00eb t\u00eb etur p\u00ebr gjak, trafikant\u00eb droge dhe terrorist\u00eb<\/em><\/strong>” dhe argumentoi se mospranimi i tij p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e kombit ishte “i pasinqert\u00eb<\/em><\/strong>“.<\/p>\n

Sikurse shihet vet\u00eb media e majt\u00eb q\u00eb e solli me zor n\u00eb pushtet pensionistin Biden, tani po i hedh papushim mbi surrat uj\u00eb t\u00eb ngroht\u00eb me kritika, duke i nxjerr\u00eb n\u00eb pah hipokrizin\u00eb dhe g\u00ebnjeshtrat e tij t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritura.<\/p>\n

T\u00eb tjer\u00ebt kund\u00ebrshtuan komentet e Joe Bidenit, duke pretenduar se ata k\u00ebrkuan t\u00eb faj\u00ebsojn\u00eb afgan\u00ebt dhe administrat\u00ebn e m\u00ebparshme p\u00ebr m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si kan\u00eb ndodhur ngjarjet, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb faj\u00ebsimin n\u00eb lidhje me ritmin e ngadalsh\u00ebm t\u00eb evakuimeve n\u00eb pohimin e tij se “disa nga afgan\u00ebt nuk donin t\u00eb largoheshin m\u00eb her\u00ebt<\/em><\/strong>“, ende shpres\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebs p\u00ebr vendin e tyre.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb nj\u00eb konferenc\u00eb shtypi me 16 gusht n\u00eb Pentagon Gjeneral Major Hank Taylor konfirmoi se sulmet ajrore amerikane kishin p\u00ebrfunduar t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn 24 or\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb dhe se fokusi i ushtris\u00eb amerikane n\u00eb at\u00eb pik\u00eb ishte ruajtja e siguris\u00eb n\u00eb Aeroportin Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar Hamid Karzai, nd\u00ebrsa evakuimet e ushtris\u00eb kishin filluar dhe jo evakuimi i 50,000 qytetar\u00ebve apo kontraktor\u00ebve amerikan\u00eb me familjet e tyre, q\u00eb vepronin prej koh\u00ebsh n\u00eb Afganistan, n\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb ushtris\u00eb amerikane, zhvillimit t\u00eb vendit dhe projekteve t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb demokratike afgane..<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb v\u00ebshtrim gjeografik dhe historik i Afganistanit<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Duke e rrotulluar me ngadal\u00eb globin e vog\u00ebl plastik t\u00eb planetit ton\u00eb drejt kontinentit t\u00eb Azis\u00eb, shohim se Afganistani ndodhet n\u00eb Azin\u00eb Jugore-Qendrore. Rajoni i p\u00ebrqendruar n\u00eb Afganistan nd\u00ebr shekuj \u00ebsht\u00eb konsideruar si udh\u00ebkryqi i Azis\u00eb dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb quajtur si Zemra e Azis\u00eb<\/em>.<\/p>\n

G\u00ebrmimet e vendeve prehistorike sugjerojn\u00eb se njer\u00ebzit jetonin n\u00eb Afganistan t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn 50,000 vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb<\/em>, dhe se komunitetet bujq\u00ebsore n\u00eb at\u00eb zon\u00eb ishin nd\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb hershmet n\u00eb bot\u00eb. Nj\u00eb vend i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm i aktiviteteve t\u00eb hershme historike, shum\u00eb historian besojn\u00eb se Afganistani krahasohet me Egjiptin, p\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket vler\u00ebs historike t\u00eb vendeve t\u00eb tij arkeologjike.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Vendbanimet e hershme n\u00eb Afganistan daton n\u00eb Epok\u00ebn e Paleolitit t\u00eb Mes\u00ebm<\/em> dhe vendndodhja strategjike e vendit p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb Rrug\u00ebs s\u00eb M\u00ebndafshit<\/em> e lidhin at\u00eb me kulturat e Lindjes s\u00eb Mesme dhe pjes\u00ebve t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb Azis\u00eb. Toka historikisht ka qen\u00eb sht\u00ebpi e popujve t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm dhe ka d\u00ebshmuar fushata t\u00eb shumta ushtarake, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb ato t\u00eb Aleksandrit t\u00eb Madh<\/em><\/strong>, Mauryas, Arab\u00ebve Musliman\u00eb, Mongol\u00ebve, Britanik\u00ebve, Sovjetik\u00ebve, dhe n\u00eb 2001 nga Shtetet e Bashkuara me vendet aleate t\u00eb NATO-s.<\/p>\n

Afganistani<\/strong> me sip\u00ebrfaqe 652,864 km2, \u00ebsht\u00eb vendi i 41-t\u00eb m\u00eb i madh n\u00eb bot\u00eb, pak m\u00eb i madh se Franca dhe m\u00eb i vog\u00ebl se Mianmar, dhe me madh\u00ebsin\u00eb e Teksasit n\u00eb SHBA. Ai nuk ka vij\u00eb bregdetare, pasi \u00ebsht\u00eb pa dalje n\u00eb det. Afganistani kufizohet me Taxhikistanin n\u00eb verilindje, Iranin n\u00eb per\u00ebndim, Turkmenistanin n\u00eb veri-per\u00ebndim, Uzbekistanin n\u00eb veri dhe Kin\u00ebn n\u00eb verilindje, nd\u00ebrsa India njeh nj\u00eb kufi me Afganistanin p\u00ebrmes Kashmirit t\u00eb administruar nga Pakistani.<\/p>\n

Relievi<\/em><\/strong>,<\/strong> \u00ebsht\u00eb kryesisht malore dhe i thyer, me disa kreshta malore t\u00eb pazakonta t\u00eb shoq\u00ebruara me pllaja dhe pellgje lumore. Ai dominohet nga vargu Hindu Kush, shtrirja per\u00ebndimore e Himalajeve deri n\u00eb Tibetin lindor, p\u00ebrmes maleve Pamir dhe maleve Karakoram n\u00eb verilindje t\u00eb larg\u00ebt t\u00eb Afganistanit. Pika m\u00eb e lart\u00eb e vendit \u00ebsht\u00eb Noshaq, me 7,492 met\u00ebr mbi nivelin e detit, kurse pika m\u00eb e ul\u00ebt shtrihet n\u00eb Provinc\u00ebn Jo\u00ebzjan p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb bregut t\u00eb lumit Amu, n\u00eb 258 m mbi nivelin e detit. Lumenjt\u00eb Arghandab dhe Tarnak kalojn\u00eb nga Kandahar. Pavar\u00ebsisht se ka lumenj dhe rezervuar\u00eb t\u00eb shumt\u00eb, pjes\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb vendit jan\u00eb t\u00eb thata. Ajo ka rajonet m\u00eb t\u00eb thata n\u00eb bot\u00eb.\u00a0 Ekspert\u00ebt thon\u00eb se shtetit i duhen m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 2 miliard\u00eb dollar\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb rehabilituar sistemet e tij t\u00eb ujitjes n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb uji t\u00eb menaxhohet si\u00e7 duhet.<\/p>\n

Afganistani \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb zon\u00eb gjeologjikisht sizmike aktive, ku t\u00ebrmetet mund t\u00eb ndodhin pothuajse \u00e7do vit. Ato jan\u00eb vdekjeprur\u00ebse dhe shkat\u00ebrruese, duke shkaktuar rr\u00ebshqitje toke n\u00eb disa pjes\u00eb ose ortek\u00eb gjat\u00eb dimrit. T\u00ebrmetet<\/em> e fundit t\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm ishin n\u00eb vitin 1998, ku u vran\u00eb 6,000 njer\u00ebz n\u00eb Badakhshan pran\u00eb Taxhikistanit.<\/p>\n

Kjo u pasua nga t\u00ebrmetet Hindu Kush t\u00eb vitit 2002, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebt mbi 150 njer\u00ebz u vran\u00eb dhe mbi 1.000 u plagos\u00ebn. Nj\u00eb t\u00ebrmet i vitit 2010 la 11 afgan\u00eb t\u00eb vdekur, mbi 70 t\u00eb plagosur dhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 2.000 sht\u00ebpi t\u00eb shkat\u00ebrruara.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Klima<\/em><\/strong> e vendit \u00ebsht\u00eb kontinentale me dim\u00ebr t\u00eb ashp\u00ebr n\u00eb mal\u00ebsit\u00eb qendrore, verilindje t\u00eb akullta (rreth Nuristanit) dhe Korridorin Wakhan, ku temperatura mesatare n\u00eb janar \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00ebn -15\u00b0 C dhe mund t\u00eb arrij\u00eb -26\u00b0 C, dhe ver\u00ebra t\u00eb nxehta n\u00eb zonat e ul\u00ebta t\u00eb pellgut t\u00eb Sistanit n\u00eb jugper\u00ebndim, pellgut t\u00eb Jalalabadit n\u00eb lindje dhe rrafshinave Turkestan, p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb lumit Amu n\u00eb veri, ku temperaturat mesatare mbi 35\u00b0 C n\u00eb korrik dhe mund t\u00eb shkoj\u00eb mbi 43\u00b0 C.<\/p>\n

Vendi \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsisht i that\u00eb gjat\u00eb ver\u00ebs, me shumic\u00ebn e reshjeve q\u00eb bien midis muajve dhjetor dhe prill. Biodiversiteti \u00ebsht\u00eb I pasur. Leopardi i bor\u00ebs, \u00ebsht\u00eb kafsha zyrtare komb\u00ebtare e Republik\u00ebs Islamike t\u00eb Afganistanit<\/em>. Disa lloje gjitar\u00ebsh ekzistojn\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb vendin jan\u00eb: leopard\u00ebt e d\u00ebbor\u00ebs, tigrat siberian\u00eb dhe arinjt\u00eb kafe jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb rajonet e tundr\u00ebs alpine me lart\u00ebsi t\u00eb larta, sikurse edhe delet Marco Polo, q\u00eb jetojn\u00eb ekskluzivisht n\u00eb rajonin e Korridorit Wakhan n\u00eb Afganistanin verilindor.<\/em> Qeni afgan, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb rac\u00eb vendase e qenve e njohur p\u00ebr shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb dhe flok\u00ebt e saj t\u00eb gjat\u00eb i mir\u00ebnjohur n\u00eb per\u00ebndim.<\/p>\n

Popullsia<\/em><\/strong> e Afganistanit u vler\u00ebsua n\u00eb 32.9 milion n\u00eb vitin 2019 nga Autoriteti i Statistikave dhe Informacionit n\u00eb Afganistan, nd\u00ebrsa OKB-ja e vler\u00ebson me mbi 38.0 milion banor\u00eb. N\u00eb vitin 1979 popullsia e p\u00ebrgjithshme u raportua t\u00eb ishte rreth 15.5 milion. Rreth 23.9% e tyre jan\u00eb qytetare, 71.4% jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb zona rurale, dhe 4.7% e mbetur jan\u00eb nomad\u00eb. Nj\u00eb shtes\u00eb prej 3 milion\u00eb afgan\u00ebsh jan\u00eb vendosur p\u00ebrkoh\u00ebsisht n\u00eb Pakistanin fqinj dhe Iranin, shumica e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve kan\u00eb lindur dhe rritur n\u00eb ato dy vende. Q\u00eb nga viti 2013, Afganistani ishte vendi m\u00eb i madh prodhues i refugjat\u00ebve n\u00eb bot\u00eb, nj\u00eb titull i mbajtur p\u00ebr 32 vjet me radh\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Etnia dhe gjuh\u00ebt<\/em><\/strong>. Popullsia e Afganistanit \u00ebsht\u00eb e ndar\u00eb n\u00eb disa grupe etnolinguistike. Kat\u00ebr grupet kryesore etnike jan\u00eb<\/em>: Pashtun\u00ebt, Taxhik\u00ebt, Hazar\u00ebt dhe Uzbek\u00ebt. <\/em>Njihen edhe 10 grupe t\u00eb tjera etnike dhe secila p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsohet n\u00eb Himnin Komb\u00ebtar Afgan. Dari dhe Pashto<\/em>, jan\u00eb gjuh\u00ebt zyrtare t\u00eb vendit dhe dygjuh\u00ebsia \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e zakonshme.<\/p>\n

Pashto,<\/em> \u00ebsht\u00eb gjuha amtare e Pashtun\u00ebve, megjith\u00ebse shum\u00eb prej tyre flasin rrjedhsh\u00ebm edhe gjuh\u00ebn Dari<\/em>, nd\u00ebrsa disa jo-Pashtun\u00eb flasin rrjedhsh\u00ebm gjuh\u00ebn Pashto. Pavar\u00ebsisht se Pashtun\u00ebt kan\u00eb qen\u00eb dominues n\u00eb politik\u00ebn afgane p\u00ebr shekuj me radh\u00eb, Dari mbeti gjuha e preferuar p\u00ebr qeverin\u00eb dhe burokracin\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Sipas CIA World Factbook, Dari (Persishtja) flitet n\u00eb 78% t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa Pashto flitet nga 50%, Uzbekisht 10%, Anglisht 5%, Turkmen 2%, Urdu 2%, Pashayi 1%, Nuristani 1%, Arabisht 1% dhe Balochi 1% e njer\u00ebzve.<\/p>\n

Feja<\/em><\/strong>. P\u00ebraf\u00ebrsisht 99.7% e popullsis\u00eb afgane \u00ebsht\u00eb myslimane dhe shumica mendohet se i p\u00ebrmbahen shkoll\u00ebs sunite hanefi. K\u00ebshtu 89.7% jan\u00eb sunit\u00eb dhe deri 15% shiit\u00eb. Dr. Michael Izady vler\u00ebsoi se 70% e popullsis\u00eb ishin ndjek\u00ebs t\u00eb Islamit Suni, 25% Islami Shii Imami, 4.5% Islami Shia Ismaili dhe 0.5% fe t\u00eb tjera. Xhamia Blu n\u00eb Mazar-i-Sharif, \u00ebsht\u00eb xhamia m\u00eb e madhe n\u00eb Afganistan.<\/p>\n

T\u00eb krishter\u00ebt afgan\u00eb<\/em><\/strong>, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt num\u00ebrohen n<\/em>\u00eb 500-8,000 vet<\/em>\u00eb, praktikojn\u00eb besimin e tyre t<\/em>\u00eb krishter\u00eb fshehurazi <\/em>(si kriptokristian, sikurse ka ndodhur edhe n\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe Kosov\u00ebs, n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e sundimit barbar t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Kalifatiste Islame Otomane) p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtimit t\u00eb fort\u00eb shoq\u00ebror radikal islam dhe nuk ka kisha publike <\/em>\u00ebr besimtar\u00ebt e krishter\u00eb afgan...<\/em><\/p>\n

Qytetet<\/em><\/strong>. Si\u00e7 vler\u00ebsohet nga CIA World Factbook, 26% e popullsis\u00eb ishte urbanizuar q\u00eb nga viti 2020. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga shifrat m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebta n\u00eb bot\u00eb. Thaksojm\u00eb se n\u00eb Azi ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm m\u00eb e lart\u00eb se Kamboxhia, Nepali dhe Sri Lanka. Urbanizimi \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur me shpejt\u00ebsi, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb kryeqytetin Kabul<\/em>, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb kthimit t\u00eb refugjat\u00ebve nga Pakistani dhe Irani pas vitit 2001, njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb zhvendosur brenda vendit dhe emigrant\u00ebve rural\u00eb. Qyteti i madh \u00ebsht\u00eb kryeqyteti i vendit, Kabuli<\/strong>, i vendosur n\u00eb lindje t\u00eb shtetit me nj<\/em>\u00eb popullsi 4.6 milion banor\u00eb<\/em>.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Shteti modern<\/strong> i Afganistanit filloi me dinastit\u00eb Hotak dhe Durrani n\u00eb shekullin XVIII. N\u00eb fund t\u00eb shekullit t\u00eb 19-t\u00eb, ai u b\u00eb nj\u00eb shtet eksperimental n\u00eb Loj\u00ebn e Madhe<\/em>, midis Indis\u00eb Britanike dhe Perandoris\u00eb Ruse.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Pas Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Tret\u00eb Anglo-Afgane n\u00eb vitin 1919 vendi ishte i lir\u00eb nga ndikimi i huaj, duke u b\u00ebr\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimisht nj\u00eb monarki n\u00ebn mbretin Amanullah, deri pothuajse 50 vjet m\u00eb von\u00eb kur Mbreti Zahir u p\u00ebrmbys e u krijua Republika e Afganistanit.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitin 1978, pas nj\u00eb grusht shteti t\u00eb dyt\u00eb, Afganistani u b\u00eb nj\u00eb shtet socialkomunist, duke provokuar Luft\u00ebn Sovjeto-Afgane n\u00eb vitet 1980 kund\u00ebr rebel\u00ebve muxhahidin\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Deri n\u00eb vitin 1996 pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e Afganistanit u pushtua nga grupi fundamentalist islamik, taleban\u00ebt, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt sunduan pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb vendit si nj\u00eb regjim totalitar p\u00ebr m\u00eb shum\u00eb se pes\u00eb vjet.<\/p>\n

Taliban\u00ebt u hoq\u00ebn nga pushteti pas pushtimit amerikan n\u00eb vitin 2001, por ende kontrollonin nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb konsiderueshme t\u00eb vendit.<\/p>\n

Lufta 20-vje\u00e7are midis qeveris\u00eb komuniste dhe taleban\u00ebve radikal\u00eb islamik arriti kulmin me ofensiv\u00ebn e taleban\u00ebve t\u00eb vitit 2021 dhe r\u00ebnien e Kabulit, e cila i ktheu taleban\u00ebt n\u00eb pushtet mbas largimit t\u00eb trupave amerikane me urdh\u00ebr absurd t\u00eb njeriut t\u00eb pap\u00ebrgjesh\u00ebm Joe Biden.<\/p>\n

Vendi ka nivele t\u00eb larta t\u00eb terrorizmit<\/em><\/strong>, varf\u00ebris\u00eb, kequshqyerjes s\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebve dhe korrupsionit. Afganistani \u00ebsht\u00eb an\u00ebtare e Kombeve t\u00eb Bashkuara, Organizat\u00ebs s\u00eb Bashk\u00ebpunimit Islamik, Shoqat\u00ebs s\u00eb Azis\u00eb Jugore p\u00ebr Bashk\u00ebpunim Rajonal, Grupit 77, Organizat\u00ebs s\u00eb Bashk\u00ebpunimit Ekonomik dhe L\u00ebvizjes s\u00eb Paangazhuar.<\/p>\n

Ekonomia<\/strong> e saj \u00ebsht\u00eb e 96-ta n\u00eb bot\u00eb, me nj\u00eb produkt t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm bruto (PBB) prej 72.9 miliard\u00eb dollar\u00eb nga barazia e fuqis\u00eb bler\u00ebse; vendi kalon shum\u00eb m\u00eb keq p\u00ebrsa i p\u00ebrket PBB-s\u00eb p\u00ebr frym\u00eb (PPP), duke u renditur n\u00eb vendin e 169 nga 186 vende q\u00eb nga viti 2018.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Historia nd\u00ebr shekuj<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Fshatrat e hershme bujq\u00ebsore fshatare u krijuan n\u00eb Afganistan rreth 7,000 vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb. Shum\u00eb perandori dhe mbret\u00ebri, jan\u00eb ngritur gjithashtu n\u00eb pushtet n\u00eb Afganistan, si: Greko-Baktriasit, Indoskit\u00ebt, Kushans, Kidarites, Heftalit\u00ebt, Alkhons, Nezaks, Zunbils, Turk Shahis, Hindu Shahis, La\u00ebiks, Saffarids, Samanids, Ghaznavids, Ghurids, Kh\u00ebarazmians, Khaljis, Kartids, Lodis, Surs, Mughals, dhe s\u00eb fundi, dinastit\u00eb Hotak dhe Durrani, t\u00eb cilat sh\u00ebnuan origjin\u00ebn politike t\u00eb shtetit modern.<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Vendi ka qen\u00eb sht\u00ebpia e popujve t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm, gjat\u00eb epokave, mes tyre popujt e lasht\u00eb iranian\u00eb, q\u00eb vendos\u00ebn rolin dominues t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebve indo-iraniane n\u00eb rajon. N\u00eb pika t\u00eb shumta, territori \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb perandorit\u00eb e gjera rajonale, mes tyre ishin: Perandoria Achaemenid, Perandoria Maqedonase, Perandoria Maurya dhe Perandoria Islame. <\/em>P\u00ebr suksesin e tij n\u00eb rezistenc\u00ebn ndaj pushtimit t\u00eb huaj gjat\u00eb shekujve 19 dhe 20, Afganistani \u00ebsht\u00eb quajtur varreza e perandorive<\/em>, edhe pse nuk dihet se kush e shpiku fraz\u00ebn.<\/p>\n

Eksplorimi arkeologjik<\/strong> i b\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb shekullin XX, tregon se zona gjeografike e Afganistanit ka qen\u00eb e lidhur ngusht\u00eb nga kultura dhe tregti me fqinj\u00ebt e saj n\u00eb lindje, per\u00ebndim dhe veri. Objektet tipike t\u00eb periudhave Paleolitike, Mesolitike, Neolitike, Bronze dhe Hekuri jan\u00eb gjetur n\u00eb Afganistan. Qytet\u00ebrimi urban, besohet t\u00eb ket\u00eb filluar q\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 3000 para Krishtit,<\/em> dhe qyteti i hersh\u00ebm i Mundigak (pran\u00eb Kandahar n\u00eb jug t\u00eb vendit) ishte nj\u00eb qend\u00ebr e kultur\u00ebs s\u00eb Helmand.<\/p>\n

Gjetjet m\u00eb t\u00eb fundit, v\u00ebrtetuan se Qytet\u00ebrimi i Lugin\u00ebs Indus u shtri drejt Afganistanit t\u00eb sot\u00ebm, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb qytet\u00ebrimin e lasht\u00eb sot pjes\u00eb t\u00eb Pakistanit, Afganistanit dhe Indis\u00eb. N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb detajuar, ajo u shtri nga Pakistani veriper\u00ebndimor n\u00eb Indin\u00eb veriper\u00ebndimore dhe Afganistanin verilindor. Nj\u00eb vend i Lugin\u00ebs Indus \u00ebsht\u00eb gjetur n\u00eb lumin Oxus n\u00eb Shortugai n\u00eb Afganistanin verior. Ekzistojn\u00eb disa koloni m\u00eb t\u00eb vogla, q\u00eb mund t\u00eb gjenden edhe n\u00eb Afganistan.<\/p>\n

Pas vitit 2000 para Krishtit, val\u00ebt e nj\u00ebpasnj\u00ebshme t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve gjysm\u00eb nomad\u00eb nga Azia Qendrore filluan t\u00eb l\u00ebvizin n\u00eb jug n\u00eb Afganistan; mes tyre kishte shum\u00eb indo-iranian\u00eb q\u00eb flisnin gjuh\u00ebn indo-evropian\u00eb. K\u00ebto fise m\u00eb von\u00eb migruan m\u00eb tej n\u00eb Azin\u00eb Jugore, Azin\u00eb Per\u00ebndimore dhe drejt Evrop\u00ebs n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet zon\u00ebs n\u00eb veri t\u00eb Detit Kaspik, rajoni i cili n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb quhej Ariana<\/em>\u2026<\/p>\n

Mbreti Amanullah Khan pushtoi Indin\u00eb Britanike n\u00eb vitin 1919 dhe shpalli pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e plot\u00eb t\u00eb Afganistanit m\u00eb pas. Pas p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Tret\u00eb Anglo-Afgane dhe n\u00ebnshkrimit t\u00eb Traktatit t\u00eb Rawalpindi m\u00eb 19 gusht t\u00eb vitit 1919, Mbreti Amanullah Khan shpalli Afganistanin nj\u00eb shtet sovran dhe plot\u00ebsisht t\u00eb pavarur. Ai u zhvendos p\u00ebr t’i dh\u00ebn\u00eb fund izolimit tradicional t\u00eb vendit t\u00eb tij, duke vendosur marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie diplomatike me bashk\u00ebsin\u00eb nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht me Bashkimin Sovjetik dhe Republik\u00ebn Weimar t\u00eb Gjermanis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Pas nj\u00eb turneu 1927\u201328 n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb dhe Turqi, ai prezantoi disa reforma q\u00eb synonin modernizimin e kombit t\u00eb tij. Nj\u00eb forc\u00eb kryesore pas k\u00ebtyre reformave ishte Mahmud Tarzi, nj\u00eb p\u00ebrkrah\u00ebs i zjarrt\u00eb e edukimit t\u00eb grave. <\/em>Ai luftoi p\u00ebr nenin 68 t\u00eb Kushtetut\u00ebs s\u00eb Afganistanit t\u00eb vitit 1923, i cili e b\u00ebri arsimin fillor t\u00eb detyruesh\u00ebm. Institucioni i skllav\u00ebris\u00eb u hoq n\u00eb 1923<\/em>. Gruaja e Khan Mbret\u00ebresha Soraya Tarzi ishte nj\u00eb figur\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, gjat\u00eb k\u00ebsaj periudhe n\u00eb luft\u00ebn p\u00ebr edukimin e gruas dhe kund\u00ebr shtypjes s\u00eb tyre.<\/p>\n

Disa nga reformat q\u00eb u vendos\u00ebn, t\u00eb tilla si heqja e burk\u00ebs tradicionale p\u00ebr grat\u00eb dhe hapja e disa shkollave edukative, i larguan shpejt shum\u00eb udh\u00ebheq\u00ebs fisnor\u00eb dhe fetar\u00eb, dhe kjo \u00e7oi n\u00eb Luft\u00ebn Civile Afgane (1928-1929). P\u00ebrball\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtimit d\u00ebrrmues t\u00eb armatosur, Amanullah Khan dha dor\u00ebheqjen n\u00eb janar t\u00eb vitit 1929, dhe menj\u00ebher\u00eb pasi Kabuli ra n\u00eb duart e forcave saqawist t\u00eb udh\u00ebhequr nga Habibullah Kalakani.<\/p>\n

Princi Mohammed Nadir Shah, kush\u00ebriri i Amanullahut, nga ana e tij mundi dhe vrau Kalakani n\u00eb tetor 1929, dhe u shpall Mbret Nadir Shah. Ai braktisi reformat e Amanullah Khan n\u00eb favor t\u00eb nj\u00eb qasjeje m\u00eb graduale t\u00eb modernizimit, por u vra n\u00eb 1933 nga Abdul Khaliq, nj\u00eb student pes\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb vje\u00e7ar Hazara, i cili ishte nj\u00eb besnik i Amanullahut.<\/p>\n

Mohammed Zahir Shah, djali 19-vje\u00e7ar i Nadir Shah, arriti n\u00eb fron dhe mbret\u00ebroi nga viti 1933 deri m\u00eb 1973. Revoltat fisnore t\u00eb 1944-1947 e pan\u00eb mbret\u00ebrimin e Zahir Shahut t\u00eb sfiduar nga fiset Zadran, Safi, Mangal dhe Wazir t\u00eb udh\u00ebhequr nga Mazrak Zadran, Salemai dhe Mirzali Khan, nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, shum\u00eb prej t\u00eb cil\u00ebve ishin besnik\u00eb t\u00eb Amanullahut. Marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet e ngushta me shtetet myslimane Turqia, Mbret\u00ebria e Irakut dhe Iranit (Persis\u00eb) u ndoq\u00ebn gjithashtu, nd\u00ebrsa marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie t\u00eb m\u00ebtejshme nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare u k\u00ebrkuan duke u bashkuar me Lidhjen e Kombeve n\u00eb vitin 1934. \u00a0N\u00eb vitet 1930 u zhvilluan rrug\u00ebt, infrastruktura, themelimi i nj\u00eb komb\u00ebtare bank\u00eb, dhe arsim n\u00eb rritje. Lidhjet rrugore n\u00eb veri luajt\u00ebn nj\u00eb rol t\u00eb madh n\u00eb nj\u00eb industri n\u00eb rritje t\u00eb pambukut dhe tekstilit. Vendi krijoi marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie t\u00eb ngushta me fuqit\u00eb e Boshtit, me Gjermanin\u00eb, q\u00eb kishte pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe n\u00eb zhvillimin afgan n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, s\u00eb bashku me Italin\u00eb dhe Japonin\u00eb.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Historia sot<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Zahir Shah<\/strong>, ishte mbreti i fundit i Afganistanit, i cili mbret\u00ebroi p\u00ebr 40 vjet n\u00eb vitet 1933-1973. Deri n\u00eb vitin 1946, Zahir Shah sundoi me ndihm\u00ebn e xhaxhait t\u00eb tij, i cili mbajti postin e Kryeministrit dhe vazhdoi politikat e Nadir Shahut.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb nga xhaxhallar\u00ebt e Zahir Shahut, Shah Mahmud Khan, u b\u00eb kryeminist\u00ebr n\u00eb 1946 dhe filloi nj\u00eb eksperiment q\u00eb lejonte liri m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe politike. M\u00eb von\u00eb ai u z\u00ebvend\u00ebsua n\u00eb vitin 1953 nga Mohammed Daoud Khan, kush\u00ebriri dhe kunati i mbretit, dhe nj\u00eb nacionalist Pashtun, i cili k\u00ebrkoi krijimin e nj\u00eb Pashtunistani, duke \u00e7uar n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie shum\u00eb t\u00eb tensionuara me Pakistanin.<\/p>\n

Gjat\u00eb dhjet\u00eb viteve t\u00eb tij n\u00eb post deri n\u00eb vitin 1963, Daoud Khan b\u00ebri presion p\u00ebr reformat e modernizimit shoq\u00ebror dhe k\u00ebrkoi nj\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie m\u00eb t\u00eb ngusht\u00eb me Bashkimin Sovjetik. M\u00eb pas, u formua kushtetuta e vitit 1964 dhe Kryeministri i par\u00eb jo-mbret\u00ebror u betua.<\/p>\n

Mbreti Zahir Shah, si babai i tij Nadir Shah, kishte nj\u00eb politik\u00eb t\u00eb ruajtjes s\u00eb pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb komb\u00ebtare, nd\u00ebrsa ndiqte modernizimin gradual, duke krijuar ndjenja nacionaliste dhe duke p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet me Mbret\u00ebrin\u00eb e Bashkuar. Sidoqoft\u00eb, Afganistani mbeti neutral dhe nuk ishte as pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebs n\u00eb Luft\u00ebn e Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore dhe as nuk u bashkua me asnj\u00eb bllok pushteti n\u00eb Luft\u00ebn e Ftoht\u00eb m\u00eb pas.<\/p>\n

Sidoqoft\u00eb, ishte nj\u00eb p\u00ebrfitues i rivalitetit t\u00eb fundit pasi Bashkimi Sovjetik dhe Shtetet e Bashkuara u p\u00ebrpoq\u00ebn p\u00ebr ndikim, duke nd\u00ebrtuar autostradat kryesore t\u00eb Afganistanit, aeroportet dhe infrastruktur\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr jetike n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn e pasluft\u00ebs. Afganistani mori m\u00eb shum\u00eb ndihm\u00eb sovjetike, p\u00ebr zhvillimin p\u00ebr frym\u00eb se \u00e7do vend tjet\u00ebr. Ai kishte, pra, marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie shum\u00eb t\u00eb mira me t\u00eb dy armiqt\u00eb e Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Ftoht\u00eb. N\u00eb vitin 1973, nd\u00ebrsa Mbreti ishte n\u00eb Itali, Daoud Khan nisi nj\u00eb grusht shteti pa gjak dhe u b\u00eb Presidenti i par\u00eb i Afganistanit, duke hequr monarkin\u00eb.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Regjimi i Republik\u00ebs Demokratike dhe lufta sovjetike<\/strong><\/h3>\n

N\u00eb muajin prill 1978, Partia Komuniste <\/em><\/strong>Popullore Demokratike e Afganistanit (PDPA) mori pushtetin n\u00eb nj\u00eb grusht shteti t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjaksh\u00ebm, kund\u00ebr Presidentit t\u00eb at\u00ebhersh\u00ebm Mohammed Daoud Khan, n\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb quhet Revolucioni Saur <\/em>(nj\u00ebsoj sikurse revolucioni i kuq i sovjet\u00ebve (krismat e tetorit) n\u00eb Rusi n\u00eb vitin e zi 1917, q\u00eb sh\u00ebnoi ardhjen e brekgrisurve n\u00eb pushtet\u2026)<\/em>.<\/p>\n

PDPA deklaroi krijimin e Republik\u00ebs Demokratike t\u00eb Afganistanit, me udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsin e saj t\u00eb par\u00eb t\u00eb em\u00ebruar si Sekretar i P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i Partis\u00eb Komuniste Demokratike Popullore Nur Muhammad Taraki. Kjo do t\u00eb shkaktonte nj\u00eb seri ngjarjesh, q\u00eb do ta kthenin n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb dramatike Afganistanin nga nj\u00eb vend i varf\u00ebr e i izoluar (edhe pse paq\u00ebsor) n\u00eb nj\u00eb vat\u00ebr t\u00eb terrorizmit nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar. <\/em>\u00a0PDPA nisi reforma t\u00eb ndryshme shoq\u00ebrore, simbolike dhe t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb tok\u00ebs, q\u00eb provokuan kund\u00ebrshtim t\u00eb fort\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa shtyp\u00ebn brutalisht disident\u00ebt politik\u00eb<\/em>. Kjo shkaktoi trazira e u zgjerua shpejt n\u00eb nj\u00eb gjendje lufte civile nga viti 1979, e zhvilluar nga muxhahidin\u00ebt gueril\u00eb (dhe gueril\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb vegj\u00ebl maoist\u00eb), kund\u00ebr forcave t\u00eb regjimit komunist n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb vendin.<\/p>\n

Shpejt u shnd\u00ebrrua n\u00eb nj\u00eb luft\u00eb, pasi qeveria pakistaneze u siguroi k\u00ebtyre rebel\u00ebve qendra t\u00eb fshehta trajnimi, SHBA i mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebn ata p\u00ebrmes Inteligjenc\u00ebs Nd\u00ebr-Sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb Pakistanit (ISI), dhe Bashkimi Sovjetik d\u00ebrgoi mij\u00ebra k\u00ebshilltar\u00eb ushtarak\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur PDPA-n\u00eb regjimi, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, pati nj\u00eb f\u00ebrkim gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb armiq\u00ebsor midis fraksioneve konkurruese t\u00eb PDPA – Khalq dominuese dhe Parcham m\u00eb t\u00eb moderuar. N\u00eb shtator 1979, Sekretari i P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i PDPA-s\u00eb Taraki u vra n\u00eb nj\u00eb grusht shteti t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm, t\u00eb orkestruar nga an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb t\u00eb Khalq, Kryeministri i at\u00ebhersh\u00ebm Hafizullah Amin, i cili mori detyr\u00ebn e Sekretarit t\u00eb ri t\u00eb P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm t\u00eb Partis\u00eb Komuniste Demokratike t\u00eb Popullit.<\/p>\n

Situata n\u00eb vend u p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsua n\u00ebn Amin dhe mij\u00ebra njer\u00ebz u zhduk\u00ebn. E pak\u00ebnaqur me qeverin\u00eb e Amin, Ushtria Sovjetike pushtoi vendin n\u00eb dhjetor 1979, duke u nisur p\u00ebr n\u00eb Kabul dhe duke vrar\u00eb Amin vet\u00ebm tre dit\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb. Nj\u00eb regjim i organizuar sovjetik, i udh\u00ebhequr nga Babrak Karmal i Parcham, por gjith\u00ebp\u00ebrfshir\u00ebs i t\u00eb dy fraksioneve (Parcham dhe Khalq), mbushi vakumin. Trupat sovjetike n\u00eb num\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb konsideruesh\u00ebm u vendos\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb stabilizuar Afganistanin n\u00ebn Karmal, duke sh\u00ebnuar fillimin e Luft\u00ebs Sovjeto -Afgane.<\/p>\n

Shtetet e Bashkuara dhe Pakistani, s\u00eb bashku me aktor\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb vegj\u00ebl si Arabia Saudite dhe Kina, vazhduan t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtesin rebel\u00ebt, duke dh\u00ebn\u00eb miliarda dollar\u00eb para dhe arm\u00eb, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb dy mij\u00eb raketa tok\u00eb-aj\u00ebr FIM-92 Stinger, q\u00eb zgjati n\u00ebnt\u00eb vjet, lufta shkaktoi vdekjen e 562,000 dhe 2 milion\u00eb Afgan\u00ebve, dhe zhvendosi rreth 6 milion njer\u00ebz q\u00eb m\u00eb pas u larguan Afganistani, kryesisht n\u00eb Pakistan dhe Iran. <\/em><\/strong>Bombardimet e r\u00ebnda ajrore, shkat\u00ebrruan shum\u00eb fshatra n\u00eb fshat, u vendos\u00ebn miliona mina tok\u00ebsore, dhe disa qytete si Herat dhe Kandahar u d\u00ebmtuan gjithashtu nga bombardimet. Provinca Kufitare Veri-Per\u00ebndimore e Pakistanit funksionoi si nj\u00eb baz\u00eb organizative dhe rrjet\u00ebzuese p\u00ebr rezistenc\u00ebn afgane anti-sovjetike, me ulamat me ndikim t\u00eb provinc\u00ebs Deobandi q\u00eb luanin nj\u00eb rol t\u00eb madh mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebs n\u00eb promovimin e xhihadit.<\/em> Pas t\u00ebrheqjes sovjetike, lufta civile vazhdoi derisa regjimi komunist n\u00ebn udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsin e Partis\u00eb Demokratike t\u00eb Popullit Mohammad Najibullah u rr\u00ebzua n\u00eb vitin 1992.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Konflikti i pas Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Ftoht\u00eb dhe regjimi taleban<\/strong><\/h3>\n

N\u00eb histori kemi dy lueftra civile: Lufta Civile Afgane e viteve 1992\u20131996 dhe Lufta Civile Afgane e viteve 1996\u20132001.<\/em> Nj\u00eb luft\u00eb tjet\u00ebr civile shp\u00ebrtheu pas krijimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb qeverie koalicioni jofunksionale midis udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsve t\u00eb fraksioneve t\u00eb ndryshme muxhahedine. Mes nj\u00eb gjendje anarkie dhe p\u00ebrleshje mes fraksioneve, fraksione t\u00eb ndryshme muxhahedine kryen p\u00ebrdhunime, vrasje dhe zhvatje t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapura, nd\u00ebrsa Kabuli u bombardua r\u00ebnd\u00eb dhe u shkat\u00ebrrua pjes\u00ebrisht nga luftimet. Disa pajtime dhe aleanca t\u00eb d\u00ebshtuara ndodh\u00ebn midis udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsve t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm. Taliban\u00ebt u shfaq\u00ebn n\u00eb shtator 1994 si nj\u00eb l\u00ebvizje dhe milicia e student\u00ebve (talib) nga medreset\u00eb (shkollat) islame n\u00eb Pakistan, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt s\u00eb shpejti pat\u00ebn mb\u00ebshtetje ushtarake nga Pakistani.<\/p>\n

Duke marr\u00eb kontrollin e qytetit Kandahar at\u00eb vit, ata pushtuan m\u00eb shum\u00eb territore derisa p\u00ebrfundimisht d\u00ebbuan qeverin\u00eb e Rabbanit nga Kabuli n\u00eb 1996, ku ata krijuan nj\u00eb emirat, q\u00eb fitoi njohje nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare nga 3 vende: Pakistani, Arabia Saudite dhe Emiratet e Bashkuara Arabe. Taliban\u00ebt u d\u00ebnuan nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtarisht p\u00ebr zbatimin e ashp\u00ebr t\u00eb interpretimit t\u00eb tyre t\u00eb ligjit islam t\u00eb sheriatit, i cili rezultoi n\u00eb trajtimin brutal t\u00eb shum\u00eb afgan\u00ebve, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht grave. <\/em><\/strong>Gjat\u00eb sundimit t\u00eb tyre, taleban\u00ebt dhe aleat\u00ebt e tyre kryen masakra kund\u00ebr civil\u00ebve afgan\u00eb<\/em><\/strong>, mohuan furnizimin me ushqim t\u00eb OKB-s\u00eb p\u00ebr civil\u00ebt e uritur dhe zhvilluan nj\u00eb politik\u00eb t\u00eb tok\u00ebs s\u00eb djegur, duke djegur zona t\u00eb gjera t\u00eb tok\u00ebs pjellore dhe duke shkat\u00ebrruar dhjet\u00ebra mij\u00ebra sht\u00ebpi.<\/p>\n

Pas r\u00ebnies s\u00eb Kabulit nga taleban\u00ebt, Ahmad Shah Massoud dhe Abdul Rashid Dostum formuan Aleanc\u00ebn Veriore, t\u00eb bashkuar m\u00eb von\u00eb nga t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt, p\u00ebr t’i rezistuar taleban\u00ebve. Forcat e Dostum u mund\u00ebn nga taleban\u00ebt gjat\u00eb Betejave t\u00eb Mazar-i-Sharif n\u00eb vitin 1997 dhe 1998. Shefi i Shtabit t\u00eb Ushtris\u00eb s\u00eb Pakistanit, Pervez Musharraf, filloi t\u00eb d\u00ebrgoj\u00eb mij\u00ebra pakistanez\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndihmuar taleban\u00ebt t\u00eb mposhtin Aleanc\u00ebn Veriore. Deri n\u00eb vitin 2000, Aleanca Veriore kontrollonte vet\u00ebm 10% t\u00eb territorit, t\u00eb vendosur n\u00eb verilindje. M\u00eb 9 shtator 2001, Massoud u vra nga dy sulmues arab\u00eb vet\u00ebvras\u00ebs n\u00eb Lugin\u00ebn Panjshir. Rreth 400,000 afgan\u00eb vdiq\u00ebn, n\u00eb konfliktet e brendshme civile midis vitit 1990 dhe 2001.<\/em><\/p>\n

N\u00eb tetor 2001, Shtetet e Bashkuara pushtuan Afganistanin p\u00ebr t\u00eb hequr taliban\u00ebt nga pushteti pasi ata refuzuan t\u00eb dor\u00ebzojn\u00eb Osama Bin Laden, i dyshuari kryesor i sulmeve t\u00eb 11 shtatorit, i cili ishte nj\u00eb mysafir i strehuar nga taleban\u00ebt dhe po operonte me al-Kaed\u00ebn e tij n\u00eb Afganistan.<\/em> Shumica e afgan\u00ebve mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebn pushtimin amerikan t\u00eb vendit t\u00eb tyre. Gjat\u00eb pushtimit fillestar, forcat amerikane dhe britanike bombarduan kampet e trajnimit t\u00eb al-Kaed\u00ebs, dhe m\u00eb von\u00eb duke punuar me Aleanc\u00ebn Veriore, regjimit taleban\u00eb i erdhi fundi.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

P\u00ebrfshirja e NATO-s Lufta n\u00eb Afganistan 2001-2021 dhe kryengritja talebane<\/strong><\/h3>\n

N\u00eb Dhjetor 2001, pasi qeveria talebane u p\u00ebrmbys, u formua Administrata e P\u00ebrkohshme Afgane n\u00ebn Hamid Karzai. Forca Ndihm\u00ebse e Siguris\u00eb Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare (ISAF), u krijua nga K\u00ebshilli i Sigurimit i OKB-s\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndihmuar administrat\u00ebn Karzai dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar sigurin\u00eb baz\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, pas dy dekadash lufte si dhe nj\u00eb urie akute n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, Afganistani kishte nj\u00eb nga nivelet m\u00eb t\u00eb larta t\u00eb vdekshm\u00ebris\u00eb foshnjore dhe t\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebve n\u00eb bot\u00eb, jet\u00ebgjat\u00ebsin\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt, shumica e popullsis\u00eb ishin t\u00eb uritur, dhe infrastruktura ishte e rr\u00ebnuar.<\/em><\/strong> Shum\u00eb donator\u00eb t\u00eb huaj filluan t\u00eb ofrojn\u00eb ndihm\u00eb dhe ndihm\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb rind\u00ebrtuar vendin e shkat\u00ebrruar nga lufta.<\/p>\n

Forcat talebane nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb filluan t\u00eb rigrupohen brenda Pakistanit, nd\u00ebrsa m\u00eb shum\u00eb trupa t\u00eb koalicionit hyn\u00eb n\u00eb Afganistan, p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndihmuar procesin e rind\u00ebrtimit. Taliban\u00ebt filluan nj\u00eb kryengritje p\u00ebr t\u00eb rimarr\u00eb kontrollin mbi Afganistanin. Gjat\u00eb dekad\u00ebs s\u00eb ardhshme, ISAF dhe trupat afgane udh\u00ebhoq\u00ebn shum\u00eb ofensiva kund\u00ebr taleban\u00ebve, por nuk arrit\u00ebn t’i mposhtnin plot\u00ebsisht. Afganistani mbetet nj\u00eb nga vendet m\u00eb t\u00eb varfra n\u00eb bot\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb munges\u00ebs s\u00eb investimeve t\u00eb huaja, korrupsionit qeveritar dhe kryengritjes talebane. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, Karzai u p\u00ebrpoq t\u00eb bashkonte popujt e vendit, dhe qeveria afgane ishte n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtonte disa struktura demokratike, duke miratuar Kushtetut\u00ebn n\u00eb vitin 2004, me emrin Republika Islamike e Afganistanit<\/em>.<\/p>\n

U b\u00ebn\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje, shpesh me mb\u00ebshtetjen e vendeve donatore t\u00eb huaja, p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar ekonomin\u00eb e vendit, kujdesin sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor, arsimin, transportin dhe bujq\u00ebsin\u00eb. Forcat ISAF gjithashtu filluan t\u00eb trajnojn\u00eb Forcat e Siguris\u00eb Komb\u00ebtare Afgane. Pas vitit 2002, gati pes\u00eb milion\u00eb afgan\u00eb u riatdhesuan. Numri i trupave t\u00eb NATO -s t\u00eb pranish\u00ebm n\u00eb Afganistan arriti n\u00eb 140,000 n\u00eb vitin 2011, duke r\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb rreth 16,000 n\u00eb vitin 2018. N\u00eb shtator 2014 Ashraf Ghani u b\u00eb president pas zgjedhjeve presidenciale t\u00eb vitit 2014, ku p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb historin\u00eb e Afganistanit pushteti u transferua n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb demokratike. M\u00eb 28 dhjetor 2014, NATO p\u00ebrfundoi zyrtarisht operacionet luftarake ISAF n\u00eb Afganistan dhe transferoi p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsin\u00eb e plot\u00eb t\u00eb siguris\u00eb tek qeveria afgane. Operacioni Mb\u00ebshtetje e vendosur e udh\u00ebhequr nga NATO u formua n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn dit\u00eb si pasardh\u00ebse e ISAF. \u00a0Mij\u00ebra trupa t\u00eb NATO-s mbet\u00ebn n\u00eb vend, p\u00ebr t\u00eb trajnuar e k\u00ebshilluar forcat qeveritare afgane dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb vazhduar luft\u00ebn e tyre kund\u00ebr taleban\u00ebve. <\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ringjallja dhe ofensiva talebane e vitit 2021 dhe r\u00ebnia e Kabulit<\/strong><\/h3>\n

M\u00eb 14 prill 2021, Sekretari i P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i NATO-s Jens Stoltenberg tha se aleanca kishte r\u00ebn\u00eb dakord t\u00eb fillonte t\u00ebrheqjen e trupave t\u00eb saj nga Afganistani deri m\u00eb 1 maj 2021. \u00a0Menj\u00ebher\u00eb pasi filloi t\u00ebrheqja e trupave t\u00eb NATO-s, taleban\u00ebt filluan nj\u00eb ofensiv\u00eb kund\u00ebr qeveris\u00eb afgane, duke p\u00ebrparuar shpejt p\u00ebrpara forcave t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb afgane n\u00eb kolaps. Sipas nj\u00eb raporti t\u00eb inteligjenc\u00ebs amerikane, qeveria afgane ka t\u00eb ngjar\u00eb t\u00eb shembet brenda gjasht\u00eb muajsh pasi NATO t\u00eb p\u00ebrfundoj\u00eb t\u00ebrheqjen e saj nga vendi. M\u00eb 15 gusht 2021, nd\u00ebrsa taleban\u00ebt kontrolluan p\u00ebrs\u00ebri nj\u00eb shumic\u00eb d\u00ebrrmuese t\u00eb territorit afgan, taleban\u00ebt filluan t\u00eb kapnin kryeqytetin Kabul dhe shum\u00eb civil\u00eb, zyrtar\u00eb qeveritar\u00eb dhe diplomat\u00eb t\u00eb huaj u evakuuan.<\/p>\n

Presidenti Ghani u largua nga Afganistani at\u00eb dit\u00eb. Q\u00eb nga 16 gusht 2021, nj\u00eb K\u00ebshill Koordinues jozyrtar i udh\u00ebhequr nga burra t\u00eb lart\u00eb shtet\u00ebror\u00eb ishte n\u00eb procesin e koordinimit t\u00eb transferimit t\u00eb institucioneve shtet\u00ebrore t\u00eb Republik\u00ebs Islamike t\u00eb Afganistanit tek taleban\u00ebt. \u00a0M\u00eb 17 gusht, N\u00ebnkryetari i Par\u00eb i Republik\u00ebs Islamike t\u00eb Afganistanit, Amrullah Saleh, e shpalli veten President t\u00eb p\u00ebrkohsh\u00ebm t\u00eb Afganistanit dhe njoftoi formimin e nj\u00eb fronti anti-taleban n\u00eb Lugin\u00ebn Panjshir, s\u00eb bashku me Ahmad Massoud dhe Ministrin e Mbrojtjes Bismillah Khan Mohammadi\u2026<\/p>\n

\n

Literatura:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Islamic Republic of Afghanistan<\/a>\u00a0in\u00a0org <\/a><\/li>\n
  2. Central Statistics Office Afghanistan, 2020.<\/li>\n
  3. “Afghanistan”<\/a>. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved\u00a014 November2018.<\/li>\n
  4. Griffin, Luke (14 January 2002).\u00a0“The Pre-Islamic Period”<\/a>.\u00a0Afghanistan Country Study. Illinois Institute of Technology. Archived from\u00a0the original<\/a>on 3 November 2001. Retrieved\u00a014 October2010.<\/li>\n
  5. Afghanistan\u00a0\u2013 John Ford Shroder, University of Nebraska<\/a>. Encarta. Archived from\u00a0the original<\/a>\u00a0on 17 July 2004. Retrieved\u00a019 May\u00a02012.<\/li>\n
  6. “Afghanistan: A Treasure Trove for Archaeologists”<\/a>.\u00a0Time<\/a>. 26 February 2009. Archived from\u00a0the original<\/a>on 26 July 2013. Retrieved\u00a013 July\u00a02011.<\/li>\n
  7. “Chronological History of Afghanistan\u00a0\u2013 the cradle of Gandharan civilisation”<\/a>. Gandhara.com.au. 15 February 1989. Archived from\u00a0the original<\/a>\u00a0on 9 September 2012. Retrieved\u00a019 May\u00a02012.<\/li>\n
  8. “Afghan and Afghanistan”<\/a>.\u00a0Abdul Hai Habibi<\/a>. alamahabibi.com. 1969. Archived from\u00a0the original<\/a>on 23 October 2008. Retrieved\u00a017 November2015.<\/li>\n
  9. Charles Higham (2014).\u00a0Encyclopedia of Ancient Asian Civilizations<\/a>. Infobase Publishing. p.\u00a0141.\u00a0ISBN<\/a>978-1-4381-0996-1<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  10. Tanner, Stephen (2009).\u00a0Afghanistan: A Military History from Alexander the Great to the \u00cbar against the Taliban<\/a>. Da Capo Press. p.\u00a0126.\u00a0ISBN<\/a>978-0-306-81826-4<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  11. Anthony Hyman (27 July 2016).\u00a0Afghanistan under Soviet Domination, 1964\u201391<\/a>. Springer. p.\u00a046.\u00a0ISBN<\/a>978-1-349-21948-3<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  12. GUTMAN, Roy (2008): Ho\u00eb \u00cbe Missed the Story: Osama Bin Laden, the Taliban and the Hijacking of Afghanistan, Endo\u00ebment of the United States Institute of Peace, 1st ed., \u00cbashington D.C.<\/li>\n
  13. “Afghan president Ashraf Ghani inaugurated after bitter campaign”<\/a>.\u00a0The Guardian.\u00a0Archived<\/a>from the original on 21 April 2015. Retrieved\u00a012 April2015.<\/li>\n
  14. “NATO to Cut Forces in Afghanistan, Match US \u00cbithdra\u00ebal”<\/a>.\u00a0VOA Ne\u00ebs<\/a>. 14 April 2021.<\/li>\n
  15. “President Ashraf Ghani Flees Afghanistan, Taliban Take Over Kabul: Report”<\/a>.\u00a0NDTV.com.\u00a0Archived<\/a>from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved\u00a015 August\u00a02021.<\/li>\n
  16. “An anti-Taliban front forming in Panjshir? Ex top spy Saleh, son of ‘Lion of Panjshir’ meet at citadel”<\/a>.\u00a0The \u00cbeek. Retrieved\u00a017 August2021.<\/li>\n
  17. “Afghan Vice President Saleh Declares Himself Caretaker President; Reaches Out To Leaders for Support”<\/a>.\u00a0Ne\u00ebs18. 17 August 2021. Retrieved\u00a017 August2021.<\/li>\n
  18. “Afghanistan Population 2020 (Demographics, Maps, Graphs)”<\/a>.\u00a02020 \u00cborld Population by Country. 26 April 2020. Retrieved\u00a013 June2020.<\/li>\n
  19. “United Nations and Afghanistan<\/a>“. UN Ne\u00ebs Centre.\u00a0Archived<\/a>October 31, 2013, at the\u00a0\u00cbayback Machine<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  20. “The roots of Afghanistan’s tribal tensions”<\/a>.\u00a0The Economist. 31 August 2017.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u201cNe po flasim p\u00ebr njer\u00ebz shum\u00eb, shum\u00eb armiq\u00ebsor\u00eb. K\u00ebta jan\u00eb njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb tani thon\u00eb: \u2018Ne kemi 40,000 pengje amerikan\u00eb. \u00c7far\u00eb do t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb me ta.\u2019 K\u00ebshtu mendojn\u00eb ata. Dhe n\u00ebse mendoni se kjo p\u00ebrfundoi dje, nuk keni par\u00eb asgj\u00eb. Dhe kjo nuk do t\u00eb jet\u00eb asgj\u00eb n\u00eb krahasim me Jimmy Carter me pengjet e tij. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":71035,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,34],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-71034","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-histori","category-politike"],"yoast_head":"\nAfganistani - Zemra e Azis\u00eb dje dhe sot - FJALA e LIR\u00cb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Afganistani - Zemra e Azis\u00eb dje dhe sot - FJALA e LIR\u00cb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u201cNe po flasim p\u00ebr njer\u00ebz shum\u00eb, shum\u00eb armiq\u00ebsor\u00eb. K\u00ebta jan\u00eb njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb tani thon\u00eb: \u2018Ne kemi 40,000 pengje amerikan\u00eb. \u00c7far\u00eb do t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb me ta.\u2019 K\u00ebshtu mendojn\u00eb ata. Dhe n\u00ebse mendoni se kjo p\u00ebrfundoi dje, nuk keni par\u00eb asgj\u00eb. Dhe kjo nuk do t\u00eb jet\u00eb asgj\u00eb n\u00eb krahasim me Jimmy Carter me pengjet e tij. […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"FJALA e LIR\u00cb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/facebook.com\/fjala.info\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/facebook.com\/shkoder.net\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-08-24T23:35:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-08-24T23:57:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/ushtar-amerikan-afganistan.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"696\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"842\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@https:\/\/twitter.com\/acokaj\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@acokaj\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"29 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"admin\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9c9fccf4f6449d25e258607d9b4275cb\"},\"headline\":\"Afganistani – Zemra e Azis\u00eb dje dhe sot\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-08-24T23:35:19+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-08-24T23:57:43+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":7150,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/08\\\/ushtar-amerikan-afganistan.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Histori\",\"Politik\u00eb\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\\\/\",\"name\":\"Afganistani - Zemra e Azis\u00eb dje dhe sot - FJALA e LIR\u00cb\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/08\\\/ushtar-amerikan-afganistan.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-08-24T23:35:19+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-08-24T23:57:43+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9c9fccf4f6449d25e258607d9b4275cb\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/08\\\/ushtar-amerikan-afganistan.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/08\\\/ushtar-amerikan-afganistan.jpg\",\"width\":696,\"height\":842,\"caption\":\"Ushtar amerikan - Afganistan\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Afganistani – Zemra e Azis\u00eb dje dhe sot\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/\",\"name\":\"FJALA e LIR\u00cb\",\"description\":\""E para ishte fjala..." - n\u00eb Shkoder.net\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jehonashqiptare.al\\\/fjala\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9c9fccf4f6449d25e258607d9b4275cb\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/be103c95acc3db7547b619bb966688693542eac057aaed7ec4502234d461b6e3?s=96&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/be103c95acc3db7547b619bb966688693542eac057aaed7ec4502234d461b6e3?s=96&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/be103c95acc3db7547b619bb966688693542eac057aaed7ec4502234d461b6e3?s=96&r=g\",\"caption\":\"admin\"},\"description\":\"Arben \u00c7okaj - M\u00ebsues Fizike & Informatike :: Gazetar & Analist i pavarur :: Autor librash :: Ueb- & Grafik dizajner\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/fjala.info\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/facebook.com\\\/shkoder.net\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/linkedin.com\\\/in\\\/acokaj\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/https:\\\/\\\/twitter.com\\\/acokaj\",\"https:\\\/\\\/youtube.com\\\/channel\\\/UCWHTIr21i1vLKsLzVv1TM-w\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Afganistani - Zemra e Azis\u00eb dje dhe sot - FJALA e LIR\u00cb","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Afganistani - Zemra e Azis\u00eb dje dhe sot - FJALA e LIR\u00cb","og_description":"\u201cNe po flasim p\u00ebr njer\u00ebz shum\u00eb, shum\u00eb armiq\u00ebsor\u00eb. K\u00ebta jan\u00eb njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb tani thon\u00eb: \u2018Ne kemi 40,000 pengje amerikan\u00eb. \u00c7far\u00eb do t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb me ta.\u2019 K\u00ebshtu mendojn\u00eb ata. Dhe n\u00ebse mendoni se kjo p\u00ebrfundoi dje, nuk keni par\u00eb asgj\u00eb. Dhe kjo nuk do t\u00eb jet\u00eb asgj\u00eb n\u00eb krahasim me Jimmy Carter me pengjet e tij. […]","og_url":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\/","og_site_name":"FJALA e LIR\u00cb","article_publisher":"https:\/\/facebook.com\/fjala.info\/","article_author":"https:\/\/facebook.com\/shkoder.net\/","article_published_time":"2021-08-24T23:35:19+00:00","article_modified_time":"2021-08-24T23:57:43+00:00","og_image":[{"width":696,"height":842,"url":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/ushtar-amerikan-afganistan.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"admin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@https:\/\/twitter.com\/acokaj","twitter_site":"@acokaj","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"admin","Est. reading time":"29 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\/"},"author":{"name":"admin","@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/#\/schema\/person\/9c9fccf4f6449d25e258607d9b4275cb"},"headline":"Afganistani – Zemra e Azis\u00eb dje dhe sot","datePublished":"2021-08-24T23:35:19+00:00","dateModified":"2021-08-24T23:57:43+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\/"},"wordCount":7150,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/ushtar-amerikan-afganistan.jpg","articleSection":["Histori","Politik\u00eb"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\/","url":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\/","name":"Afganistani - Zemra e Azis\u00eb dje dhe sot - FJALA e LIR\u00cb","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/ushtar-amerikan-afganistan.jpg","datePublished":"2021-08-24T23:35:19+00:00","dateModified":"2021-08-24T23:57:43+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/#\/schema\/person\/9c9fccf4f6449d25e258607d9b4275cb"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/ushtar-amerikan-afganistan.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/ushtar-amerikan-afganistan.jpg","width":696,"height":842,"caption":"Ushtar amerikan - Afganistan"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/afganistani-zemra-e-azise-dje-dhe-sot\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Afganistani – Zemra e Azis\u00eb dje dhe sot"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/#website","url":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/","name":"FJALA e LIR\u00cb","description":""E para ishte fjala..." - n\u00eb Shkoder.net","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/#\/schema\/person\/9c9fccf4f6449d25e258607d9b4275cb","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/be103c95acc3db7547b619bb966688693542eac057aaed7ec4502234d461b6e3?s=96&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/be103c95acc3db7547b619bb966688693542eac057aaed7ec4502234d461b6e3?s=96&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/be103c95acc3db7547b619bb966688693542eac057aaed7ec4502234d461b6e3?s=96&r=g","caption":"admin"},"description":"Arben \u00c7okaj - M\u00ebsues Fizike & Informatike :: Gazetar & Analist i pavarur :: Autor librash :: Ueb- & Grafik dizajner","sameAs":["https:\/\/fjala.info\/","https:\/\/facebook.com\/shkoder.net\/","https:\/\/linkedin.com\/in\/acokaj\/","https:\/\/x.com\/https:\/\/twitter.com\/acokaj","https:\/\/youtube.com\/channel\/UCWHTIr21i1vLKsLzVv1TM-w"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71034","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=71034"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71034\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":71038,"href":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71034\/revisions\/71038"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/71035"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71034"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=71034"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=71034"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}