{"id":71290,"date":"2021-09-06T08:57:58","date_gmt":"2021-09-06T06:57:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fjala.info\/?p=71290"},"modified":"2021-09-06T08:57:58","modified_gmt":"2021-09-06T06:57:58","slug":"kultura-masive-kulture-dhe-jo-reality","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/kultura-masive-kulture-dhe-jo-reality\/","title":{"rendered":"KULTURA MASIVE – KULTUR\u00cb DHE JO REALITY"},"content":{"rendered":"

Xhelal Zejneli<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kultura masive apo kultura e mas\u00ebs ndodhet kudo p\u00ebrreth nesh. N\u00eb sht\u00ebpi, n\u00eb rrug\u00eb, n\u00eb shkoll\u00eb, n\u00ebp\u00ebr qendrat tregtare, n\u00eb salla t\u00eb kinemave …Njer\u00ebzit jan\u00eb t\u00eb rrethuar me t\u00eb, pa e kuptuar se ajo plot\u00ebsisht e ka n\u00eb dor\u00eb jet\u00ebn e tyre. I konsumojn\u00eb prodhimet e saj, pa e ditur se k\u00ebsisoj b\u00ebhen mas\u00eb pa form\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e udh\u00ebheqin nga ndonj\u00eb fron t\u00eb panjohur p\u00ebr ta. Nuk e kuptojn\u00eb se \u00e7\u2019ndodh n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, edhe pse ajo ua jep form\u00ebn dhe b\u00ebhet shprehi pa t\u00eb cil\u00ebn ata nuk mund t\u00eb jetojm\u00eb. E blejn\u00eb, vishen, pin\u00eb, gjykojn\u00eb dhe ecin n\u00eb drejtimin q\u00eb e d\u00ebshiron ajo, marrin vendime p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat mendojn\u00eb se jan\u00eb t\u00eb tyre, por n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb huaja. Jetojn\u00eb sipas rregullave dhe shijeve t\u00eb saj pa qen\u00eb t\u00eb vet\u00ebdijsh\u00ebm se e kan\u00eb zgjedhur rrug\u00ebn q\u00eb e devijon fatin e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb t\u00eb tyre, individualitetin, krijimtarin\u00eb dhe kreativitetin e tyre. N\u00eb vend q\u00eb njer\u00ebzit ta dirigjojn\u00eb kultur\u00ebn masive apo kultur\u00ebn e mas\u00ebs, ata kan\u00eb lejuar q\u00eb ajo t\u2019i dirigjoj\u00eb.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr ta kuptuar kultur\u00ebn masive duhet ditur se \u00e7\u2019\u00ebsht\u00eb ajo q\u00eb e ka determinuar lindjen\u00a0 dhe ngritjen e saj. Si mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrkufizohet apo t\u00eb definohet kultura masive?<\/p>\n

Kultura masive \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb domosdoshm\u00ebri e bot\u00ebs bashk\u00ebkohore, sidomos e nj\u00eb pjese t\u00eb madhe n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn mbizot\u00ebron koncepti materialist i marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve shoq\u00ebrore. Pa t\u00eb, nuk mund t\u00eb paramendohen strategjit\u00eb e rritjes dhe t\u00eb zhvillimit, p\u00ebr arsye se pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e njer\u00ebzimit mb\u00ebshtetet n\u00eb prodhimin industrial dhe varet pre tij. Tregu bot\u00ebror \u00ebsht\u00eb synimi i \u00e7do shoq\u00ebrie dhe shum\u00eb kultura komb\u00ebtare shansin e vet e shohin n\u00eb integrim, pa i b\u00ebr\u00eb ball\u00eb globalizmit t\u00eb shfrenuar, i cili ngadal\u00eb dhe n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb tejet t\u00eb sigurt i rrafshon vlerat kulturologjike autentike p\u00ebr t\u2019u dh\u00ebn\u00eb\u00a0 tipare t\u00eb masivizuara me karakter uniform t\u00eb p\u00ebrhersh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

Kultura masive p\u00ebrkufizohet shkurtimisht si nj\u00eb mori shfaqjesh, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht krijimesh materiale dhe jomateriale t\u00eb pun\u00ebs njer\u00ebzore me t\u00eb cilat plot\u00ebsohen apo k\u00ebnaqen nevojat e thjesht\u00ebsuara t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve. Duke marr\u00eb parasysh faktin se ajo q\u00eb quhet kultur\u00eb e lart\u00eb, e rafinuar apo fine \u00ebsht\u00eb e dedikuar p\u00ebr nj\u00eb num\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl njer\u00ebzish, p\u00ebrpjes\u00ebtimisht me aft\u00ebsit\u00eb e tyre p\u00ebr perceptim p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs, t\u00eb kusht\u00ebzuar nga dituria dhe nga sensibiliteti specifik, mbetet q\u00eb n\u00eb kultur\u00ebn masive t\u00eb gjejn\u00eb strehim nj\u00eb num\u00ebr i madh i njer\u00ebzve, d.m.th. masat t\u00eb cilat nuk jan\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje p\u00ebr t\u00eb konsumuar apo p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar forma artistike t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuara dhe t\u00eb cil\u00ebt fare nuk i t\u00ebrheq p\u00ebrmbajtja artistike q\u00eb k\u00ebrkon angazhim mendor t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Duhet ditur se \u00e7far\u00eb force p\u00ebrvet\u00ebsuese apo pushtuese ka kultura masive dhe \u00e7far\u00eb ndikimi ka ajo te njeriu bashk\u00ebkohor? Lloji i lidhjeve dhe i marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb karakteristike p\u00ebr shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb masive dhe p\u00ebr kultur\u00ebn masive buron nga organizimi industrial dhe tregtar, institucioni themelor i t\u00eb cil\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb tregu kapitalist. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e theksuar n\u00eb kushtet e qyteteve t\u00eb m\u00ebdha. Qyteti rrezaton me ndikime ekonomike, organizative, institucionale dhe intelektuale. T\u00eb gjitha marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet n\u00eb t\u00eb, mb\u00ebshteten n\u00eb mekanizmin e paras\u00eb e cila n\u00eb shoq\u00ebri b\u00ebhet mjet ndikimi i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm dhe i fuqish\u00ebm. N\u00eb kushte t\u00eb tilla as kultura nuk mund t\u00eb q\u00ebndroj\u00eb larg tregut t\u00eb paras\u00eb dhe nocionit t\u00eb forc\u00ebs. Pik\u00ebrisht k\u00ebtu q\u00ebndron edhe forca pushtuese e kultur\u00ebs masive e cila b\u00ebhet edhe epiqend\u00ebr e ndikimit mbi njeriun bashk\u00ebkohor i cili n\u00eb radh\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb k\u00ebrkon jet\u00eb komode, arg\u00ebtim t\u00eb leht\u00eb, forma dhe p\u00ebrmbajtje t\u00eb thjeshta, t\u00eb zakonshme apo t\u00eb r\u00ebndomta. T\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto q\u00eb do t\u2019i konsumoj\u00eb t\u2019i kushtojn\u00eb pak.<\/p>\n

Duhet ditur se kush jan\u00eb kreator\u00eb dhe konsumues t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs masive dhe kush jan\u00eb idhujt e tyre.<\/p>\n

Kultur\u00ebn masive e krijojn\u00eb dhe e nxisin kompanit\u00eb shum\u00ebkomb\u00ebshe t\u00eb cilat tregun bot\u00ebror synojn\u00eb t\u00eb rr\u00ebmbejn\u00eb pozicion sa m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb dhe p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00eb s\u00eb shumti u ndihmojn\u00eb mediumet masive. Duka marr\u00eb parasysh faktin se komercializmi<\/em><\/strong> \u00ebsht\u00eb karakteristika kryesore, at\u00ebher\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb se e qart\u00eb se kjo kultur\u00eb e masivizuar mund t\u00eb sigurohet po qe se i shp\u00ebrndahet nj\u00eb popullate sa m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe. Nj\u00eb gj\u00eb e till\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb ishte e mundur po qe se k\u00ebrkesat p\u00ebr konsumim ngrihen n\u00eb nivel m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb. Rrjedhimisht, k\u00ebrkohet nj\u00eb mesatare, edhe p\u00ebr nga dituria edhe p\u00ebr nga arsimimi edhe p\u00ebr nga mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e pages\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Kultura masive krijon dhe plason n\u00eb nj\u00eb treg sa m\u00eb t\u00eb madh produkte q\u00eb kushtojn\u00eb pak pa k\u00ebrkuar me k\u00ebt\u00eb rast nga konsumuesit di\u00e7 m\u00eb tep\u00ebr se prozaizmi dhe t\u00eb qen\u00ebt t\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqsh\u00ebm. Si\u00e7 shihet pra, grup targetimi jan\u00eb njer\u00ebzit t\u00eb cil\u00ebt me gjith\u00eb d\u00ebshir\u00eb do t\u00eb konsumojn\u00eb coca-col\u00eb<\/em> p\u00ebrkund\u00ebr faktit se kjo pije mund t\u00eb mos jet\u00eb e dobishme ose do t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqen n\u00eb programet reality<\/em><\/strong> p\u00ebrkund\u00ebr faktit se kemi t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb me nj\u00eb parad\u00eb imoraliteti dhe ki\u00e7i. N\u00eb mesin e konsumuesve t\u00eb produkteve t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs masive, ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb mund t\u00eb gjendet edhe ndonj\u00eb intelektual q\u00eb e ka humbur rrug\u00ebn e q\u00eb nuk ka mundur t\u2019i frenoj\u00eb pasionet e ul\u00ebta. Rastet e tilla nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb shpeshta, sikund\u00ebr jan\u00eb t\u00eb rralla rastet e konsumimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjeve elitare nga shtresat e ul\u00ebta t\u00eb klas\u00ebs pun\u00ebtore.<\/p>\n

Programe reality <\/em><\/strong>realizohen n\u00eb shum\u00eb vende t\u00eb bot\u00ebs. Reality programi P\u00ebr\u2019puthja<\/em><\/strong> ka bashkuar dhe ka gozhduar para ekranit shqiptar\u00eb anek\u00ebnd bot\u00ebs, duke thyer \u00e7do rekord t\u00eb audienc\u00ebs televizive. Ky reality show<\/em> ka marr\u00eb n\u00eb Youtube 600 milion\u00eb klikime.<\/p>\n

Sa i p\u00ebrket marketimit t\u00eb idhujve q\u00eb i prodhon apo q\u00eb i krijon kultura masive, s\u2019ka dyshim se ata jan\u00eb persona t\u00eb cil\u00ebt jan\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb t\u00ebrheqin me ndonj\u00eb shkatht\u00ebsi joproduktive, t\u00eb profiluar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb arg\u00ebtuese \u2013 k\u00ebng\u00ebtar\u00ebt e notave t\u00eb lehta, artist\u00ebt pa ndonj\u00eb identitet artistik t\u00eb estetizuar, starletat<\/em><\/strong>, futbollist\u00ebt, basketbollist\u00ebt dhe vrapues t\u00eb tjer\u00eb terrenesh, boksier\u00ebt, madje edhe lojtar\u00ebt e pokerit etj. Shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt, doktor\u00ebt e shkencave dhe artist\u00ebt e shquar, cil\u00ebsia dhe vlera personale e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve matet me kontributin p\u00ebr bashk\u00ebsin\u00eb, s\u2019do mend se nuk ndodhen n\u00eb at\u00eb rreth idhujsh.<\/p>\n

Duhet ditur se me \u00e7far\u00eb mjetesh dhe n\u00eb \u00e7\u2019m\u00ebnyr\u00eb kultura masive arrin te masat e gjera popullore. Nj\u00ebherazi shtrohet pyetja p\u00ebrse ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb aq t\u00ebrheq\u00ebse dhe leht\u00eb e kapshme? Tipi modern i urbanizimit bashk\u00eb me industrializimin q\u00eb e determinon rritjen numerike t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebn parakushtin themelor t\u00eb lindjes dhe t\u00eb ekspansionit t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs masive. P\u00ebrpos k\u00ebsaj, rol t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb luan edhe progresi. Mjetet teknike t\u00eb komplikuara nuk i nevojiten vet\u00ebm radiotelevizionit por edhe prodhimit dhe shp\u00ebrndarjes masive t\u00eb librave dhe t\u00eb revistave. Fjala e shkruar \u00ebsht\u00eb masivizuar vet\u00ebm pasi n\u00eb procesin e shtypjes \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim makineria.<\/p>\n

V\u00ebnia n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim e shtypit mekanik, me p\u00ebrkryerjen e vazhdueshme t\u00eb teknik\u00ebs ka mund\u00ebsuar q\u00eb kultura masive simbolike t\u00eb zhvillohet, n\u00eb fillim si kultur\u00eb e fjal\u00ebs s\u00eb shtypur. Mir\u00ebpo, k\u00ebto ndryshime teknike t\u00eb shpejta si dhe ndryshimet e tjera jan\u00eb shoq\u00ebruar edhe nga procesi i p\u00ebrshpejtuar i urbanizimit elementar pa plan, q\u00eb ka rezultuar me dyndjen n\u00eb qytete dhe me rritjen e tyre.<\/p>\n

Ajo q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr lindjen e kultur\u00ebs masive jan\u00eb pik\u00ebrisht k\u00ebto kushte t\u00eb reja t\u00eb jetes\u00ebs, t\u00eb shtresave mbizot\u00ebruese t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb qytetit t\u00eb cilat nuk jan\u00eb p\u00ebrputhur me zhvillimin spontan t\u00eb krijimtaris\u00eb s\u00eb re kulturore, me format e vjetra. Industrializimi p\u00ebrgjithmon\u00eb e asgj\u00ebsoi kultur\u00ebn popullore duke ia hapur rrug\u00ebn nj\u00eb tipi t\u00eb ri t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs. Prodhimi mekanik ofroi modelin e prodhimit t\u00eb specializuar, masiv, t\u00eb standardizuar t\u00eb cilin mjetet e fuqishme t\u00eb komunikimit shpejt e kan\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb t\u00eb madhe. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, ritmi i shpejt\u00eb i pun\u00ebs s\u00eb mekanizuar rezultoi edhe me rregullimin e ritmit dhe t\u00eb cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb jetes\u00ebs t\u00eb nj\u00eb mase t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore.<\/p>\n

Duhet ditur se kultura masive ka efekte negative por edhe efekte pozitive. Negative \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo se nuk k\u00ebrkon mund ideor dhe gjykim kritik. R\u00ebndom shpie n\u00eb ki\u00e7<\/em><\/strong> dhe n\u00eb shund<\/em><\/strong>, N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb krijohen raporte ki\u00e7i dhe formohet njeriu-ki\u00e7. Profili i k\u00ebtill\u00eb mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb i d\u00ebmsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr kultivimin e\u00a0 nevojave dhe p\u00ebr ngritjen morale, shpirt\u00ebrore dhe intelektuale t\u00eb njeriut dhe t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb. Sa m\u00eb i madh t\u00eb jet\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrimi i ki\u00e7it<\/em><\/strong> dhe i<\/em><\/strong> shundit<\/em><\/strong>, aq m\u00eb t\u00eb pakta jan\u00eb vlerat e mir\u00ebfillta, aq m\u00eb e vog\u00ebl \u00ebsht\u00eb pasuria e shpirtit. Q\u00ebllimet humaniste nd\u00ebrkaq jan\u00eb gjithnj\u00eb m\u00eb larg realizimit njer\u00ebzor fundamental dhe gjithnj\u00eb m\u00eb af\u00ebr zgjidhjeve institucionale sterile apo shterpe.<\/p>\n

Negativ \u00ebsht\u00eb fakti se produkte t\u00eb caktuara e shuajn\u00eb etjen p\u00ebr krijime origjinale dhe p\u00ebr kultur\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb, elitare. Po qe se shikoni nj\u00eb film t\u00eb xhiruar sipas nj\u00eb vepre me vler\u00eb artistike t\u00eb madhe, p\u00ebr t\u2019u njohur me origjinalin ju nuk do ta merrni n\u00eb duar librin q\u00eb paraqet nj\u00eb arritje letrare t\u00eb etabluar dhe q\u00eb jeton nd\u00ebr shekuj. Negativ \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe fakti se kultura masive, p\u00ebr t\u2019ia b\u00ebr\u00eb vepr\u00ebn origjinale t\u00eb kapshme p\u00ebr masat, e shkurton, e ripunon dhe e homogjenizon p\u00ebrmbajtjen e saj, duke e p\u00ebrpunuar edhe mekanikisht. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb e zhvler\u00ebson shpeshher\u00eb edhe vler\u00ebn e pakap\u00ebrcyeshme t\u00eb vepr\u00ebs. P\u00ebr shembull, posteri i Mona Liz\u00ebs<\/em><\/strong> me nj\u00eb \u00e7mim pre disa eurosh, Kryqi prej zirkoni n\u00eb fanell\u00eb, fotografia e Koloseumit<\/em><\/strong> n\u00eb magnetin p\u00ebr frigorifer, ikona e tatuazhuar n\u00eb shpin\u00eb etj. jan\u00eb d\u00ebshmi e degradimit t\u00eb vlerave n\u00ebn petkun e p\u00ebrdorimit masiv dhe me strategjin\u00eb e politik\u00ebs p\u00ebrfituese.<\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrsa pozitiv \u00ebsht\u00eb fakti shum\u00eb produkte kushtojn\u00eb lir\u00eb dhe si t\u00eb tilla mund t\u00eb blihen nga shumica. Po ashtu, p\u00ebrkund\u00ebr banalizimit t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs elitare, ndodh q\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtja e ripunuar e ndonj\u00eb vepre letrare, lexuesin q\u00eb i takon mas\u00ebs ta \u00e7oj\u00eb kah origjinali dhe t\u2019i kultivoj\u00eb nevojat e tij.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr p\u00ebrhapjen e kultur\u00ebs masive m\u00eb t\u00eb merituara jan\u00eb mediumet masive. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00ebpamje ato kan\u00eb luajtur rol t\u00eb madh. Pik\u00eb s\u00eb pari k\u00ebtu b\u00ebjn\u00eb pjes\u00eb gazetat ditore t\u00eb cilat paraqiten n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb shekullit XX dhe jan\u00eb i pari medium masiv. Pas tyre shfaqen edhe radiot dhe televizionet. Paraqitjen apo shfaqjen e mediumeve t\u00eb shtypura e shoq\u00ebron nevoja p\u00ebr shkollimin e p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb kusht p\u00ebr zhvillimin e m\u00ebtejm\u00eb t\u00eb shtypit ditor.<\/p>\n

Zhvillimi i mediumeve nd\u00ebrlidhet edhe me zhvillimin e demokracis\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsuese, me zhvillimin e qytetit, me sinkronizimin e veprimtarive t\u00eb dit\u00ebp\u00ebrditshme, me format e jetes\u00ebs moderne dhe me komercializimin e zbavitjes. Mjetet e komunikimit jan\u00eb zhvilluar n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me nevojat e shoq\u00ebris\u00eb, t\u00eb kanalizuara sipas vullnetit t\u00eb elit\u00ebs politike dhe ekonomike. \u00cbsht\u00eb m\u00eb se e sakt\u00eb se n\u00eb zhvillimin e kultur\u00ebs masive, n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn q\u00eb ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me administrimin dhe me zhvillimin e mediumeve si dhe me krijimin e porosive apo t\u00eb mesazheve t\u00eb tyre, luan rol subjekti shoq\u00ebror apo elita e shoq\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u2019i zhvilluar me sukses mediumet si mjete t\u00eb komunikimit masiv, ka qen\u00eb e domosdoshme t\u00eb zbatohet procesi i standardizimit t\u00eb porosis\u00eb: Ato i d\u00ebrgoheshin individit bashk\u00ebkohor me njohuri mesatare dhe duhej t\u00eb ishin t\u00eb qarta, efektive dhe t\u00eb thjesht\u00ebsuara. Gazetat ditore si medium masiv i par\u00eb raportonin p\u00ebr ngjarjet aktuale nga l\u00ebmi i politik\u00ebs dhe i ekonomis\u00eb. P\u00ebrmbanin kronika si dhe porosi apo mesazhe arg\u00ebtuese dhe reklamimi. Mediumet ndodheshin n\u00eb burimin e forc\u00ebs apo t\u00eb pushtetit manipulues. Ato krijonin informata, modele, m\u00ebnyra t\u00eb sjelljes dhe stil jetese. Ato u b\u00ebn\u00eb promotor\u00eb t\u00eb kultit t\u00eb konsumit, t\u00eb bukuris\u00eb, t\u00eb dashuris\u00eb, t\u00eb rinis\u00eb t\u00eb cilat n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb paradoksale korrespondojn\u00eb me zhvillimin e farmacis\u00eb, t\u00eb kozmetik\u00ebs, t\u00eb industris\u00eb moderne, t\u00eb preparateve p\u00ebr rritjen e libidos<\/em><\/strong> apo t\u00eb instinktit seksual, deri te roboti q\u00eb buz\u00ebqesh.<\/p>\n

Kultet e sip\u00ebrth\u00ebna t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs masive v\u00ebrehen n\u00eb karakteristikat e saj q\u00eb i v\u00ebren filozofi, kulturologu dhe sociologu francez i teoris\u00eb s\u00eb informacionit Edgar Moren <\/strong>(Edgar Morin, 1921-) i cili kultur\u00ebn masive e sheh si revolt\u00eb nda kultur\u00ebs religjioze, metafizike<\/em><\/strong>. Morenoja kultur\u00ebn masive e sheh si rezistenc\u00eb ndaj p\u00ebrjetimit religjioz t\u00eb bot\u00ebs<\/em><\/strong>. N\u00eb aspektin kohor, ajo karakterizohet me orientimin kah e tashmja, aktualja. Produktet e kultur\u00ebs masive nuk kan\u00eb as t\u00eb kaluar as t\u00eb ardhme. N\u00eb themel t\u00eb nj\u00eb karakteristike t\u00eb till\u00eb Morenoja v\u00ebren q\u00ebndrim antireligjioz. Njeriu modern aksionet e veta i projekton n\u00eb t\u00eb tashmen dhe nuk e shikon t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn, t\u00eb ardhmen, as bot\u00ebn e amshueshme apo bot\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr<\/em><\/strong>. Ai i do t\u00eb gjitha, k\u00ebtu dhe tash.<\/p>\n

Duhet th\u00ebn\u00eb se kultura masive i jep form\u00eb realitetit ton\u00eb. Ajo arrin te masat e gjera popullore duke e krijuar m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e jetes\u00ebs, duke i formuluar apo duke i p\u00ebrvijuar synimet, \u00ebndrrat, m\u00ebnyrat e sjelljes, mendimet, ndjenjat dhe veprimet e njeriut bashk\u00ebkohor. Dhe n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb aspekt mund t\u00eb thuhet se \u00ebsht\u00eb e suksesshme. Ajo i krijon modelet kulturore t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb bashk\u00ebkohore, me \u00e7\u2019rast vijn\u00eb n\u00eb shprehje snobizmi<\/em><\/strong> dhe provincializmi<\/em><\/strong> si frustracione statusore t\u00eb shtresave t\u00eb varfra, t\u00eb ardhacak\u00ebve nga fshati n\u00eb qytet, por edhe t\u00eb atyre t\u00eb cil\u00ebt duan ta shohin veten n\u00eb shtresat e larta t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb, duke u shfaqur \u2013 n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb komike \u2013 t\u00eb till\u00eb si\u00e7 nuk jan\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr shfaqen p\u00ebrmbajtje q\u00eb jan\u00eb reflektim i jet\u00ebs s\u00eb masave, kultura popullore e popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb qytetit dhe n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb saj, subkultura<\/em><\/strong> e t\u00eb rinjve. Duke mos pasur mund\u00ebsi t\u2019i plot\u00ebsojn\u00eb nevojat e veta n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn e adoleshenc\u00ebs, ata n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet n\u00ebnkultur\u00ebs e shprehin n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb simbolike identitetin, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsin\u00eb, subjektivitetin historik dhe rezistenc\u00ebn ndaj konvencioneve, q\u00ebndrimeve politike dhe idealeve etike dhe estetike.<\/p>\n

Por produksioni masiv, edhe k\u00ebto rezistenca simbolike i standardizon <\/em>n\u00eb korniza t\u00eb pranueshme<\/em> dhe ua shet masave. Heronj t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs masive b\u00ebhen panteon\u00ebt<\/em><\/strong> bashk\u00ebkohor\u00eb, hyjnit\u00eb e k\u00ebsaj bote, intimitetin e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve mund ta v\u00ebzhgojm\u00eb pa u djegur. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb jan\u00eb ngarkuar tabloidet dhe gjahtar\u00ebt paparaco, nd\u00ebrsa konsumator\u00eb jan\u00eb vuajer\u00ebt<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vende t\u00eb caktuara t\u00eb rajonit dhe m\u00eb gjer\u00eb, krijohet nj\u00eb lloj muzike q\u00eb i ndez masat. Madje kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb \u00e7far\u00ebdo ndezjeje. \u00cbsht\u00eb ndezje apo djegie me mbushje t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb apo injektim karburanti n\u00eb v\u00ebllimin me temperatur\u00eb dhe trysni t\u00eb lart\u00eb. P\u00ebrmbajtjet e k\u00ebtij lloji t\u00eb muzik\u00ebs jan\u00eb reduktuar n\u00eb sferat instinktive t\u00eb njeriut, ngase kur njer\u00ebzit i ulni n\u00eb nivel biologjik, ju i keni eliminuar dallimet sociale, fetare, arsimore dhe etnike. K\u00ebsisoj keni mund\u00ebsi q\u00eb ta rritni publikun, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht tregun p\u00ebr shitjen e muzik\u00ebs me p\u00ebrmbajtje t\u00eb ul\u00ebt<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Niveli instinktiv \u00ebsht\u00eb nivel i pasionit. N\u00eb rrafshin e grupit, ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nivel i hordhis\u00eb apo i lukunis\u00eb. Njeriu l\u00ebshohet n\u00eb instinkte, nd\u00ebrsa bashk\u00ebsia n\u00eb gjak dhe tok\u00eb. Morali l\u00ebshohet n\u00eb mas\u00ebn e lukunis\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebs i njer\u00ebzit p\u00ebrkasin, duke u nisur nga ajo: \u201c\u00c7do gj\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e jon\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb e mir\u00eb, \u00e7do gj\u00eb q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e huaj, \u00ebsht\u00eb e keqe\u201d. <\/em>Pik\u00ebrisht morali i till\u00eb q\u00eb matet me p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsin\u00eb dhe jo me v\u00ebrtet\u00ebsin\u00eb dhe drejt\u00ebsin\u00eb, ndikon q\u00eb vras\u00ebsit t\u2019i mbyllin syt\u00eb para krimeve q\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb rajonit q\u00eb nga Lufta e Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebng\u00ebt e tilla ndizet laiku, skeptiku, skolastiku. Tashm\u00eb seksualiteti nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb spontan. Sikur puthja n\u00eb film, n\u00eb jet\u00ebn reale ai riprodhohet nga format q\u00eb i ofron kultura masive, e cila ka nd\u00ebrtuar ideale estetike q\u00eb jan\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb shkaktojn\u00eb s\u00ebmundje si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb anoreksia, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn femra \u00ebsht\u00eb reduktuar n\u00eb objekt seksual. \u00cbsht\u00eb paradoksale sesi n\u00eb nj\u00eb bot\u00eb lirish t\u00eb m\u00ebdha seksuale shiten preparate impotence. Ky tregon m\u00eb s\u00eb miri sesa kultura masive i kontrollon nevojat e njer\u00ebzve, i ka imponuar standardet e bukuris\u00eb, t\u00eb arg\u00ebtimit dhe t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqjes – pothuajse t\u00eb gjitha t\u00eb komercializuara.<\/p>\n

Heronjt\u00eb e kultur\u00ebs masive dhe t\u00eb k\u00ebtij lloji t\u00eb muzik\u00ebs vijn\u00eb nga masa. Ajo q\u00eb i dallon \u00ebsht\u00eb rruga p\u00ebr n\u00eb statuset shoq\u00ebrore t\u00eb larta, rruga drejt shoq\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb lart\u00eb. Midis tyre ndodhen \u00e7far\u00ebdo yjesh moderne t\u00eb bot\u00ebs s\u00eb muzik\u00ebs, t\u00eb filmit, t\u00eb sportit, por edhe t\u00eb politik\u00ebs, t\u00eb n\u00ebntok\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb kontrakultur\u00ebs. Krejt k\u00ebt\u00eb, kultura masive\u00a0 e p\u00ebrpunon, e shp\u00eblan\u00eb dhe e shet. Duke filluar nga prezantuesja amerikane e talk show<\/em> Opra Vinfri <\/strong>(Oprah Gail Winfrey, 1954-) e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb shembull q\u00eb tregon se shoq\u00ebrit\u00eb per\u00ebndimore jan\u00eb t\u00eb hapura, afroamerikane e cila me aft\u00ebsit\u00eb e veta ka arritur status shoq\u00ebror t\u00eb lart\u00eb, futbollisti argjentinas Karlos Tevez <\/strong>(Carlos Alberto Tevez, 1984-), futbollisti portugez Kristiano Ronaldo <\/strong>(Cristiano Ronaldo, 1985-) deri te revolucionari marksist argjentinas Ernesto \u00c7e Gevara <\/strong>(Ernesto \u201cChe\u201d Guevara, 1928-1967) apo gangsteri dhe biznesmeni amerikan Al Kapone <\/strong>(Alphonse Gabriel Capone, 1899-1947).<\/p>\n

Kultura masive \u00ebsht\u00eb e aft\u00eb t\u2019i komercializoj\u00eb edhe kryengrit\u00ebsit, duke shembur n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb \u00e7far\u00ebdo rezistence. L\u00ebvizja e hipive (hippie)<\/em> <\/strong>ishte nj\u00eb rrym\u00eb e kund\u00ebrkultur\u00ebs. U shfaq n\u00eb ShBA n\u00eb vitet 1960 e k\u00ebndej. Refuzoi vlerat tradicionale, stilin e jetes\u00ebs t\u00eb brezit t\u00eb prind\u00ebrve t\u00eb tyre dhe shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb e konsumit. Zhvilloi nj\u00eb luft\u00eb simbolike ndaj kultur\u00ebs ekzistuese t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb globale t\u00eb ShBA-s\u00eb. Por n\u00eb fund, n\u00eb aranzhmanet e agjencive t\u00eb mod\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb hepeningut si dhe t\u00eb produksioneve muzikore, u shnd\u00ebrrua n\u00eb hipi stajling, hipi hepening, hipi kompilacion<\/em><\/strong>. \u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>N\u00eb epok\u00ebn e hipive<\/em><\/strong> jetoi edhe k\u00ebng\u00ebtarja amerikane Xhenis Xhoplin <\/strong>(Janis Lyn Joplin, 1943-1970). N\u00eb fund t\u00eb viteve \u201950 t\u00eb shekullit XX jeta e saj u identifikua me \u201cbeat generation\u201d<\/em> <\/strong>dhe me epok\u00ebn e hipive<\/em><\/strong>. Ishte figur\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuese e kund\u00ebrkultur\u00ebs s\u00eb viteve \u201960 t\u00eb qindvje\u00e7arit t\u00eb kaluar. E quajt\u00ebn z\u00ebri i L\u00ebvizjes p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat qytetare. Vdiq nga doza e tep\u00ebrt e heroin\u00ebs dhe nga alkooli. K\u00ebsaj periudhe i takon edhe k\u00ebng\u00ebtari amerikan Xhim Morison <\/strong>(Jim Dauglas Morrison, 1943-1971). Ishte k\u00ebng\u00ebtari kryesor i grupit rok The Doors<\/em><\/strong>. Vdiq n\u00eb Paris nga doza e tep\u00ebr e heroin\u00ebs dhe nga alkooli.<\/p>\n

E gjet\u00ebn t\u00eb vdekur n\u00eb vask\u00eb, m\u00eb 7 korrik 1971. U varros n\u00eb varrezat P\u00e8re Lachaise Cemetery, n\u00eb Paris. Varri i tij \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb prej kat\u00ebr atraksioneve t\u00eb Parisit. Tre t\u00eb tjer\u00eb jan\u00eb Kulla e Ajfelit, Notre Dame dhe Harku i Triumfit. Dikur, n\u00eb p\u00ebrvjetorin e vdekjes s\u00eb Morisonit, varrin e tij n\u00eb Paris e vizitonin t\u00eb rinj nga Amerika. Me at\u00eb rast ata b\u00ebnin akte vandale – thyenin pllak\u00ebn e varrit t\u00eb ndonj\u00eb shkrimtari t\u00eb madh francez. Organeve t\u00eb rendit u thoshin: \u201cMbreti dhe Zoti yn\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb Morisoni. P\u00ebr Balzakun dhe Bodlerin, aq na b\u00ebhet. S\u2019duam t\u00eb dim\u00eb fare\u201d.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

*\u00a0\u00a0 *\u00a0\u00a0 *<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb \u00e7\u2019m\u00ebnyr\u00eb ky lloj i muzik\u00ebs i imponohet nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebrie? Po qe se n\u00eb viset rurale ruhen strukturat joformale t\u00eb fshatit, at\u00ebher\u00eb ato kan\u00eb mund\u00ebsi t\u2019ia imponojn\u00eb qytetit loj\u00ebn e vet provinciale dhe snobiste. Nj\u00eb shteti monist, por t\u00eb hapur, kultura masive per\u00ebndimore ia imponon format kulturore t\u00eb konsumit, t\u00eb arg\u00ebtimit dhe shijen mesatare p\u00ebr krijimtari, nd\u00ebrsa me prodhimin e vet akoma m\u00eb shum\u00eb e delegjitimon pushtein dhe ideologjin\u00eb q\u00eb imponohet si alternativ\u00eb e kapitalizmit t\u00eb zhvilluar. Pas Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore, diktator\u00ebt e kan\u00eb arsyetuar izolimin e vendeve t\u00eb tyre, duke th\u00ebn\u00eb se mbrohemi nga ndikimet e huaja.<\/p>\n

Pas shembjes s\u00eb sistemeve moniste n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb viteve \u201990 t\u00eb shekullit t\u00eb kaluar, vendet e izoluara rezultuan me institucione shoq\u00ebrore t\u00eb rr\u00ebnuara, me prioritete t\u00eb \u00e7rregulluara, me sistem t\u00eb rr\u00ebnuar vlerash, me norma t\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebrk\u00ebmbura. N\u00eb disa prej k\u00ebtyre vendeve shp\u00ebrtheu lufta, konflikti, pati t\u00eb vrar\u00eb, ikanak\u00eb dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrndjekur. Sakaq dol\u00ebn n\u00eb shesh qaforet prej ari, automjetet sportive, shampanja, pishinat, rekuizitat e notit, simbolet e statusit dhe t\u00eb forc\u00ebs. Dikush me probleme personale i pret venat, tjetri dehet, thyen gota, mallkon t\u00eb \u00ebm\u00ebn. K\u00ebng\u00eb p\u00ebr plag\u00ebt komb\u00ebtare. Ata \u00ebsht\u00eb paraja, jan\u00eb masat popullore, \u00ebsht\u00eb politika por edhe shoq\u00ebria e reagimit politik.<\/p>\n

Konsumuesit e krijimeve apo e produksioneve q\u00eb i takojn\u00eb kultur\u00ebs masive nuk tregojn\u00eb interesim p\u00ebr vlerat artistike t\u00eb mir\u00ebfillta. Shum\u00eb t\u00eb rinj sot, fare pak din\u00eb p\u00ebr klasik\u00ebt e let\u00ebrsis\u00eb, t\u00eb artit, t\u00eb filozofis\u00eb, t\u00eb psikanaliz\u00ebs. Fare pak lexohen Homeri, Eskili, Dante, Servantesi, Barleti, Shekspiri, Molieri, Volteri, Hegeli, Kanti, Ni\u00e7e, G\u00ebte, Bajroni, Balzaku, Bod\u00ebleri, Pushkini, Dostojevski, Xhojsi, Kafka, Prusti, Frojdi, Jungu, Fromi, Oruelli, Heminguei, Hajdegeri, Sartri, Kamy, Beketi, Markezi<\/strong> etj. K\u00ebta krijues gjigant\u00eb kan\u00eb sh\u00ebnuar epoka. I kan\u00eb sjell\u00eb bot\u00ebs ndryshime, njer\u00ebzimit \u2013 humaniz\u00ebm. Bota pa ta do t\u00eb kishte qen\u00eb m\u00eb e eg\u00ebr, m\u00eb e padurueshme, m\u00eb johumane. Veprat e tyre nuk mjafton t\u00eb lexohen, por duhet edhe t\u00eb kuptohen dhe kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb pun\u00eb e leht\u00eb. Krijimi artistik modern nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i kapsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr lexuesin e r\u00ebndomt\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Zhvillimi i teknologjis\u00eb informatike akoma m\u00eb shum\u00eb e zhvillon dhe e p\u00ebrhap kultur\u00ebn masive. \u00c7do gj\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb komercializuar. Kultura masive shfryt\u00ebzohet edhe nga politika dhe pushteti. Jepi popullit buk\u00eb e reality show<\/em><\/strong> dhe sundo mbi t\u00eb sa t\u00eb duash dhe si t\u00eb duash. Arg\u00ebtimet q\u00eb i ofrojn\u00eb show programet e shmangin rinin\u00eb prej problemeve politike, ekonomike, sociale dhe morale t\u00eb shtetit dhe t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb. K\u00ebt\u00eb duan politikan\u00ebt dhe pushtetar\u00ebt e gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebs. Megjith\u00ebk\u00ebt\u00eb, show programet dhe reality show nuk mund ta ndalin shp\u00ebrnguljen e t\u00eb rinjve drejt Gjermanis\u00eb, Amerik\u00ebs, Kanadas\u00eb, Australis\u00eb. Zbavitjet e lehta nuk do ta ndalin dhimbjen e r\u00ebnd\u00eb t\u00eb shpopullimit t\u00eb trojeve shqiptare. Faji \u00ebsht\u00eb i udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsve politik\u00eb dhe vet\u00ebm i tyre.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Xhelal Zejneli Kultura masive apo kultura e mas\u00ebs ndodhet kudo p\u00ebrreth nesh. N\u00eb sht\u00ebpi, n\u00eb rrug\u00eb, n\u00eb shkoll\u00eb, n\u00ebp\u00ebr qendrat tregtare, n\u00eb salla t\u00eb kinemave …Njer\u00ebzit jan\u00eb t\u00eb rrethuar me t\u00eb, pa e kuptuar se ajo plot\u00ebsisht e ka n\u00eb dor\u00eb jet\u00ebn e tyre. I konsumojn\u00eb prodhimet e saj, pa e ditur se k\u00ebsisoj b\u00ebhen […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":60252,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-71290","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-artikuj"],"yoast_head":"\nKULTURA MASIVE - KULTUR\u00cb DHE JO REALITY - FJALA e LIR\u00cb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/kultura-masive-kulture-dhe-jo-reality\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"KULTURA MASIVE - KULTUR\u00cb DHE JO REALITY - FJALA e LIR\u00cb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Xhelal Zejneli Kultura masive apo kultura e mas\u00ebs ndodhet kudo p\u00ebrreth nesh. N\u00eb sht\u00ebpi, n\u00eb rrug\u00eb, n\u00eb shkoll\u00eb, n\u00ebp\u00ebr qendrat tregtare, n\u00eb salla t\u00eb kinemave …Njer\u00ebzit jan\u00eb t\u00eb rrethuar me t\u00eb, pa e kuptuar se ajo plot\u00ebsisht e ka n\u00eb dor\u00eb jet\u00ebn e tyre. 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