{"id":72023,"date":"2021-10-10T02:42:53","date_gmt":"2021-10-10T00:42:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fjala.info\/?p=72023"},"modified":"2021-10-15T02:27:52","modified_gmt":"2021-10-15T00:27:52","slug":"spiune-genjeshtra-dhe-mendime-te-dyzuara-lea-ypi-rreth-rritjes-ne-shtetin-e-fundit-komunist-te-evropes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/spiune-genjeshtra-dhe-mendime-te-dyzuara-lea-ypi-rreth-rritjes-ne-shtetin-e-fundit-komunist-te-evropes\/","title":{"rendered":"Spiun\u00eb, g\u00ebnjeshtra dhe mendime t\u00eb dyzuara: Lea Ypi rreth rritjes n\u00eb shtetin e fundit komunist t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs"},"content":{"rendered":"

Lea Ypi e fotografuar n\u00eb Hamburg. Fotografia: Florian Thoss\/The Guardian<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Intervist\u00eb<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Aida Edemariam<\/strong>, The Guardian<\/a>, 9 tetor 2021<\/em> – P\u00ebrktheu Arben \u00c7okaj<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

Lexoni nj\u00eb ekstrakt nga kujtimet e Lea Ypit, “E lir\u00eb”<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Ajo besonte se prind\u00ebrit e saj e donin regjimin stalinist t\u00eb Enver Hoxh\u00ebs. Por sapo sistemi komunist i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb u rr\u00ebzua, Lea Ypi filloi t\u00eb kuptonte se asgj\u00eb nuk ishte ashtu si\u00e7 dukej\u2026<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

N<\/b><\/span>j\u00eb dit\u00eb, kur Lea Ypi ishte f\u00ebmij\u00eb, nj\u00eb kana\u00e7e Coca-Cola e zbraz\u00ebt u shfaq n\u00eb sht\u00ebpin\u00eb e saj. Kjo ishte Shqip\u00ebria komuniste, n\u00eb vitet 1980, dhe vendi, i drejtuar nga Enver Hoxha<\/a> sipas linjave staliniste, vler\u00ebsohej se ishte m\u00eb i v\u00ebshtiri p\u00ebr t\u00eb hyr\u00eb ose dal\u00eb n\u00eb bot\u00eb. Pra, nj\u00eb kana\u00e7e Cola ishte nj\u00eb pamje e rrall\u00eb dhe p\u00ebr t’u patur zili. N\u00ebna e saj e kishte v\u00ebn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb stoli t\u00eb re n\u00eb krenarin\u00eb e vendit, n\u00eb nj\u00eb zbukurim t\u00eb q\u00ebndisur. Pastaj kana\u00e7ja u zhduk – nj\u00eb kana\u00e7e Cola u shfaq n\u00eb krye t\u00eb televizorit n\u00eb der\u00ebn ngjitur. A ishte e nj\u00ebjta Cola? Ndoshta.<\/p>\n

Fqinj\u00ebt, q\u00eb kishin qen\u00eb af\u00ebr, u distancuan. M\u00eb n\u00eb fund, pas nj\u00eb q\u00ebndrimi t\u00eb ftoht\u00eb, paqja u nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsua. N\u00eb nj\u00eb fest\u00eb, ku po festohej afrimi, njer\u00ebzit ishin t\u00eb shtrir\u00eb, duke lavd\u00ebruar ushqimin, pijen, bujarin\u00eb e nj\u00ebri-tjetrit, kur nj\u00eb e re Ypi foli me g\u00ebzim dhe n\u00eb dhom\u00eb ra qet\u00ebsia. “Ne do t\u00eb kishim nj\u00eb fotografi t\u00eb xhaxhit Enver<\/em> [n\u00eb vend t\u00eb saj],” tha ajo, por “un\u00eb nuk mendoj se ata e duan xhaxhin Enver<\/em>.” P\u00ebrfundimisht, si\u00e7 e thot\u00eb ajo n\u00eb kujtimet e saj, “E lir\u00eb: Ardhja e koh\u00ebs n\u00eb fund t\u00eb historis\u00eb<\/em>“, fqinji i saj, nj\u00eb an\u00ebtar i partis\u00eb komuniste, e thirri at\u00eb tek ai. “Kjo ishte”, tha ai ashp\u00ebr, \u201cnj\u00eb gj\u00eb shum\u00eb e trash\u00eb p\u00ebr ta th\u00ebn\u00eb\u2026 Prind\u00ebrit e tu e duan xhaxhin Enver. Ata e duan partin\u00eb. Asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk duhet t’ia thuash askujt k\u00ebto gj\u00ebra budallall\u00ebqe<\/em>.” Prind\u00ebrit e saj nuk than\u00eb asgj\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\"\"Udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsi shqiptar Enver Hoxha me Yao Wenyuan t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs n\u00eb vitin 1967.
\nFotografia: Gamma-Keystone\/Getty Images<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Shqip\u00ebria q\u00ebndroi p\u00ebr nj\u00eb vit e m\u00eb shum\u00eb, pasi Muri i Berlinit ra, kur protestat u p\u00ebrshkall\u00ebzuan dhe m\u00eb 12 dhjetor 1990, u b\u00eb nj\u00eb shtet shum\u00ebpartiak. Prind\u00ebrit e Ypit, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kishin zgjedhur t’i mbanin f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e tyre t\u00eb sigurt, duke i l\u00ebn\u00eb ata t\u00eb besonin gjith\u00e7ka q\u00eb u m\u00ebsonin n\u00eb shkoll\u00eb, filluan t\u00eb pranojn\u00eb se jo, ata nuk e kishin dashur xhaxhi Enverin. Por ata nuk mund t\u00eb ishin plot\u00ebsisht t\u00eb qart\u00eb pse. Ndryshimi nuk ndodhi brenda nat\u00ebs: partia komuniste u zgjodh dhe drejtoi vendin deri n\u00eb 1992, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb kishte shum\u00eb gj\u00ebra, q\u00eb nuk ishte e sigurt t\u00eb thuheshin. P\u00ebr nj\u00eb 10-vje\u00e7are, kjo do t\u00eb thoshte “se jeta q\u00eb kam jetuar brenda mureve t\u00eb sht\u00ebpis\u00eb dhe jasht\u00eb saj, n\u00eb fakt nuk ishte e nj\u00ebjta jet\u00eb, por dy, jet\u00eb q\u00eb ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb plot\u00ebsonin dhe mb\u00ebshtesnin nj\u00ebra-tjetr\u00ebn, por kryesisht p\u00ebrplaseshin kund\u00ebr nj\u00eb realiteti. Un\u00eb nuk mund ta kuptoja plot\u00ebsisht at\u00eb.<\/em>”<\/p>\n

Dhe kjo ishte “v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, v\u00ebrtet\u00eb traumatike<\/em>“, thot\u00eb Ypi tani. Ne u takuam n\u00eb nj\u00eb bar pran\u00eb qoshes s\u00eb Shkoll\u00ebs Ekonomike t\u00eb Londr\u00ebs, ku ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb profesore e teoris\u00eb politike. \u201cE di q\u00eb ishte traumatike, sepse kam shkruar p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb n\u00eb ditar\u00ebt e mi n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb. Fillova t\u00eb mbaja nj\u00eb ditar n\u00eb korrik 1990, sepse papritmas lindi kjo d\u00ebshir\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar se \u00e7far\u00eb po ndodhte. Thjesht nuk dija si ta p\u00ebrpunoja. Disa gj\u00ebra nga ditari jan\u00eb mbeturina t\u00eb nj\u00eb 10-vje\u00e7areje, por shum\u00eb prej tyre jan\u00eb shum\u00eb politike.<\/em>”<\/p>\n

Dostojevski u ndalua … por “Gjethet e barit” t\u00eb Walt Whitman mund t\u00eb gjendeshin n\u00eb bibliotek\u00ebn e departamentit t\u00eb bujq\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb universitetit<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

“Un\u00eb dyshova tek ata<\/em>,” shkruan ajo p\u00ebr prind\u00ebrit e saj n\u00eb “E lir\u00eb”, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb e listuar p\u00ebr \u00e7mimin e sivjet\u00ebm Baillie Gifford p\u00ebr jo-trillim<\/a>. “Dhe duke dyshuar, kontrolli im p\u00ebr at\u00eb q\u00eb isha filloi t\u00eb rr\u00ebshqas\u00eb<\/em>.” K\u00ebto dit\u00eb ajo duket, t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn n\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqe, plot\u00ebsisht e sigurt n\u00eb vetvete. Ajo fillon t\u00eb flas\u00eb sapo hyn n\u00eb restorant, fjali t\u00eb gjata, t\u00eb shpejta, t\u00eb thella, duke qeshur, d\u00ebgjuar, duke k\u00ebrkuar gjuh\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt – q\u00eb, n\u00eb rastin ton\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur n\u00eb nj\u00eb shtet marksist t\u00eb ashp\u00ebr, q\u00eb ishte koloni e shkurt\u00ebr e Italis\u00eb fashiste<\/a>. M\u00ebnyrat n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat qeveriseshin vendet komuniste ishin shpesh aq t\u00eb ngjashme, saq\u00eb dukej sikur un\u00eb u rrita n\u00eb Addis Abeba dhe jo n\u00eb Durr\u00ebs, e njoh menj\u00ebher\u00eb statusin e nj\u00eb dyqani t\u00eb pajisur mir\u00eb, q\u00eb shet mallra n\u00eb valut\u00eb t\u00eb huaj; stacionet televizive q\u00eb ndoq\u00ebn nj\u00eb ose dy or\u00eb karikatura me or\u00eb t\u00eb shumta propagande komuniste; roli shoq\u00ebror i radh\u00ebve n\u00eb nj\u00eb vend, ku gjith\u00e7ka nga parafina tek sheqeri ishte e racionuar.<\/p>\n

\"\" Lea Ypi si f\u00ebmij\u00eb n\u00eb plazhin e Durr\u00ebsit. Fotografia: kortezi nga Lea Ypi<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Historia q\u00eb Ypi e re filloi p\u00ebrfundimisht t\u00eb kuptoj\u00eb, p\u00ebr vendin e saj, por ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr familjen e saj – “biografin\u00eb” e tyre, si\u00e7 e shprehnin shpesh, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb gnomike, p\u00ebr t\u00eb shpjeguar pse nj\u00eb promovim nuk kishte ndodhur, apo nj\u00eb zgjedhje tjet\u00ebr ishte mbyllur – ishte e komplikuar. N\u00ebna e saj rrjedh nga pronar\u00eb t\u00eb pasur t\u00eb tokave; gjyshja e saj, e cila jetonte me ta, ishte mbesa e nj\u00eb pashai n\u00eb perandorin\u00eb Osmane dhe nj\u00eb studente brilante, q\u00eb u b\u00eb k\u00ebshilltare e qeveris\u00eb n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 21 vje\u00e7e. Ypit i ishte dh\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb kuptonte se ishte thjesht nj\u00eb rast\u00ebsi, q\u00eb mbiemri i babait t\u00eb saj p\u00ebrputhej me at\u00eb t\u00eb Kryeministrit t\u00eb 10-t\u00eb t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, Xhaferr Ypi<\/em>, i cili ishte n\u00eb detyr\u00eb kur Italia pushtoi Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 1939 dhe, sipas llogarive zyrtare, ishte p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs p\u00ebr transferimin e sovranitetit ndaj Italis\u00eb, pas ikjes s\u00eb Mbretit Zog, dhe n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me rrethanat, ishte shar\u00eb si tradhtar dhe armik komb\u00ebtar i klas\u00ebs. N\u00eb fakt, babai i saj ishte nipi i tij. Dhe ata ishin mysliman\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb vend, q\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 1967 e kishte shpallur veten shteti i par\u00eb ateist.<\/p>\n

Shkolla t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn kishte kuptim dhe Ypi e re shk\u00eblqeu. Njer\u00ebzit n\u00eb per\u00ebndim nuk e kuptojn\u00eb, thot\u00eb ajo tani, shkall\u00ebn n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn, n\u00eb komuniz\u00ebm, arsimi ishte monedh\u00eb. “Njer\u00ebzit supozojn\u00eb se k\u00ebto shoq\u00ebri d\u00ebshtuan sepse nuk mor\u00ebn instinktin konkurrues. Por k\u00ebto shoq\u00ebri ishin disa nga m\u00eb ultra konkurruese n\u00eb bot\u00eb. Njer\u00ebzit nuk konkurruan me parat\u00eb – kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb arsyeja pse ata mund t\u00eb pyesnin lirsh\u00ebm, \u2018Sa fitoni?\u2019 Por ku mund t\u00eb konkurronit v\u00ebrtet ishte me trurin dhe shkoll\u00ebn, dijen dhe kultur\u00ebn. Ishte e pafalshme, p\u00ebrsa i p\u00ebrket performanc\u00ebs s\u00eb mir\u00eb, dhe leximit t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb librave, q\u00eb mund t\u00eb lexoheshin dhe njohjes s\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb kultur\u00ebs, q\u00eb mund t\u00eb njihej.<\/em>”<\/p>\n

Ypi, e cila flet gjasht\u00eb gjuh\u00eb dhe CV-ja e s\u00eb cil\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb e lidhur me \u00e7mime, t\u00ebrhiqet p\u00ebr reagimin e mundsh\u00ebm t\u00eb n\u00ebn\u00ebs s\u00eb saj ndaj list\u00ebs s\u00eb saj t\u00eb gjat\u00eb, e cila njoftohet pasditen q\u00eb e takojm\u00eb: “Nj\u00eb her\u00eb fitova \u00e7mimin e dyt\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb Olimpiad\u00eb t\u00eb matematik\u00ebs – dhe mamaja ime ishte si, ‘Pse jo \u00e7mimi i par\u00eb?’ Ajo nuk ishte e impresionuar. ‘Ju keni shkruar nj\u00eb lib\u00ebr. Mir\u00eb. U fut\u00ebt n\u00eb list\u00ebn e gjat\u00eb. Mir\u00eb. F\u00ebmij\u00ebt tuaj nuk i lajn\u00eb duart, ata p\u00ebrgjigjen\u2026 \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb lloj \u00e7lirimi, n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb<\/em>,\u201d – qesh ajo, \u201ct\u00eb dish se \u00e7far\u00ebdo q\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebsh, nuk mund t’i p\u00eblqesh n\u00ebn\u00ebs t\u00ebnde. \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb kujtes\u00eb e mir\u00eb p\u00ebr gabueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb tuaj<\/em>.”<\/p>\n

Kjo gar\u00eb intelektuale doli kund\u00ebr censur\u00ebs – por kjo ishte vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb nxitje e m\u00ebtejshme, “sepse atje ishte ky mur, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb po \u00e7mendeshin p\u00ebr t\u00eb pasur qasje n\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb ishte pas tij<\/em>“. Ypi \u00ebsht\u00eb e interesuar p\u00ebr Dostojevskin, pjes\u00ebrisht sepse let\u00ebrsia ruse, n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb komuniste, p\u00ebrfundoi me Tolstoy dhe \u00c7ehov. Dostojevski “u konsiderua modernist” dhe u ndalua. “Pra, kishte k\u00ebto kopje t\u00eb kontrabanduara n\u00eb italisht. Un\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb flisja italisht si\u00e7 duhet, por thosha: \u2018M\u00eb duhet t\u00eb m\u00ebsoj, q\u00eb t\u00eb mund ta lexoj k\u00ebt\u00eb lib\u00ebr.\u2019 \u201dGjethet e barit t\u00eb Walt Whitman\u201d u lejuan, sepse ata menduan se kishte t\u00eb b\u00ebnte me bujq\u00ebsin\u00eb. K\u00ebshtu q\u00eb mund ta gjeni n\u00eb bibliotek\u00ebn e departamentit t\u00eb bujq\u00ebsis\u00eb t\u00eb universitetit. N\u00ebse e mor\u00ebt at\u00eb, ajo u shkri n\u00eb duart tuaja, sepse shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz e kishin lexuar at\u00eb.<\/em>”<\/p>\n

\"\"N\u00ebna e Ypit gjat\u00eb st\u00ebrvitjes ushtarake, rreth vitit 1968. Fotografia: kortezi nga Lea Ypi<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Tranzicioni solli ndryshime t\u00eb m\u00ebdha tek prind\u00ebrit e saj. N\u00ebna e Ypit u b\u00eb nj\u00eb udh\u00ebheq\u00ebse n\u00eb shoqat\u00ebn komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb grave, duke kaluar dit\u00ebt e saj n\u00eb takime dhe duke mbajtur fjalime t\u00eb lustruara, t\u00eb paskriptuara n\u00eb tubime me mij\u00ebra vet\u00eb, “sikur t’i kishte shkruar n\u00eb kok\u00ebn e saj shum\u00eb vite m\u00eb par\u00eb … provoi \u00e7do dit\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00ebs s\u00eb saj d\u00ebnimet q\u00eb ajo do t\u00eb shqiptonte m\u00eb von\u00eb<\/em>\u201d. Babai i saj u b\u00eb drejtor i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i portit m\u00eb t\u00eb madh n\u00eb vend (nj\u00eb nga m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenjt\u00eb n\u00eb Detin Adriatik) – dhe e gjeti veten n\u00eb pozit\u00ebn fyese p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrkthyer ungjillin e liberalizmit n\u00eb menaxhimin e njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, gj\u00eb q\u00eb shum\u00eb shpesh n\u00ebnkuptonte largimin e tyre. Shum\u00eb ishin t\u00eb njohur, dhe Ypi \u00ebsht\u00eb simpatik me dashuri p\u00ebr shtremb\u00ebrimet q\u00eb b\u00ebn, duke u p\u00ebrpjekur t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqte p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesin e Bank\u00ebs Bot\u00ebrore, “nj\u00eb misionar i llojit<\/em>“, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb nuk arrinte t\u00eb shkarkonte ask\u00ebnd.<\/p>\n

Edukimi im m\u00eb b\u00ebn cinike. Un\u00eb jam jasht\u00ebzakonisht dyshuese p\u00ebr propagand\u00ebn – si nga e majta ashtu edhe nga e djathta.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Por Shqip\u00ebria, e m\u00ebsuar me nj\u00eb ekonomi komanduese, ishte duke luftuar. N\u00eb nj\u00eb moment, dy t\u00eb tretat e popullsis\u00eb u vler\u00ebsuan se kishin investuar n\u00eb skemat Ponzi (piramidale), shum\u00eb prej t\u00eb cilave m\u00eb pas u shemb\u00ebn. M\u00eb shum\u00eb se gjysma e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb familjen e Ypi, humb\u00ebn kursimet e tyre. Shum\u00eb ik\u00ebn. “Vitet ’90 p\u00ebr mua u sh\u00ebnuan me d\u00ebgjimin e njer\u00ebzve q\u00eb vdisnin<\/em>,” thot\u00eb Ypi, “duke kaluar Adriatikun me gomone. Njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb njihja. Ose ata u q\u00eblluan n\u00eb kufi, n\u00eb an\u00ebn italiane. \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga k\u00ebto gj\u00ebra ku ne mendojm\u00eb se per\u00ebndimi \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebri e lir\u00eb, por n\u00ebse i ndaloni njer\u00ebzit t\u00eb hyjn\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb sakt\u00ebsisht e nj\u00ebjta gj\u00eb – n\u00ebse jeni t\u00eb vdekur, sepse shteti juaj ju q\u00ebllon ose jeni t\u00eb vdekur, sepse nj\u00eb shtet tjet\u00ebr ju q\u00ebllon, nuk ka rendesi. Ti je i vdekur!<\/em>”<\/p>\n

\"\"Ypi u fotografua muajin e kaluar n\u00eb Hamburg. Fotografia: Florian Thoss\/The Guardian<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Deri n\u00eb vitin 1997, vendi u shkat\u00ebrrua nga trazirat civile dhe Ypi lejon q\u00eb ditari i saj t\u00eb flas\u00eb vet\u00eb. Kallashnikovi shkreh rikoshe n\u00ebp\u00ebr rrug\u00eb; ajo ka thyerje adoleshente (asaj nuk i lejohej t\u00eb binte n\u00eb dashuri me f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e ish agjent\u00ebve t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimit sekret, por e b\u00ebri k\u00ebt\u00eb dy her\u00eb); ajo dha provime, zbuloi Metallica. N\u00ebna dhe v\u00ebllai i saj hipin n\u00eb nj\u00eb vark\u00eb p\u00ebr n\u00eb Itali, ku n\u00ebna e saj b\u00ebhet pastruese. Babai i saj, i l\u00ebnduar thell\u00eb, ndalon s\u00eb foluri me gruan e tij. Ypi ndalon s\u00eb foluri fare. “Sa her\u00eb q\u00eb doja t\u00eb flisja, qaja.<\/em>”<\/p>\n

Ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb e shqet\u00ebsuar, tani, p\u00ebr raftet e zbraz\u00ebta dhe kaosin arsimor t\u00eb Britanis\u00eb pandemike pas Brexit. Pas vitesh t\u00eb t\u00ebra duke ligj\u00ebruar p\u00ebr d\u00ebshtimet e supozuara se nga vjen, “ka nj\u00eb k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsi t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb, sepse tabelat u p\u00ebrmbysen nj\u00eb her\u00eb<\/em>“.<\/p>\n

Jo se ajo e pranon at\u00eb karakterizim n\u00eb radh\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb. Ypi \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb kritike ndaj liberalizmit dhe “tipave t\u00eb majt\u00eb q\u00eb mendojn\u00eb se, sepse vjen nga Shqip\u00ebria nuk e di se \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e majta. Ndjeva se ishte kjo e majta shum\u00eb e shenjt\u00eb n\u00eb per\u00ebndim, ku gjith\u00e7ka q\u00eb e majta b\u00ebn, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e keqe nuk mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb e majt\u00eb. Dhe kjo m\u00eb shqet\u00ebson, sepse nuk do t\u00eb m\u00ebsosh kurr\u00eb, n\u00ebse mendon se m\u00ebnyra se si i b\u00ebn gj\u00ebrat \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb.<\/em>”<\/p>\n

Dhe komunizmi kishte gj\u00ebra t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr t\u00eb ofruar. Solidariteti, p\u00ebr shembull. “Ju jeni m\u00ebsuar t\u00eb kujdeseni p\u00ebr t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt<\/em>“, p\u00ebr shembull, duke ndar\u00eb racionet n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb barabart\u00eb. N\u00eb per\u00ebndim, ajo konstaton, \u201csolidariteti kryesisht merr form\u00ebn e bamir\u00ebsis\u00eb. Dhe kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00ebrheq\u00ebse. Do t\u00eb thot\u00eb q\u00eb ju nuk pyesni pse ka vet\u00ebm disa njer\u00ebz me pasuri n\u00eb radh\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb.<\/em>” Duke u kthyer n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri tani, ajo e konsideron d\u00ebshp\u00ebruese faktin q\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb rinj “thjesht duan t\u00eb ken\u00eb gj\u00ebra t\u00eb shtrenjta<\/em>“.<\/p>\n

K<\/b><\/span>ur komunizmi u shemb, thot\u00eb Ypi, ai mori me vete shum\u00eb ide t\u00eb vlefshme. “Kishte shum\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje demokratizuese dhe mendime p\u00ebr lirin\u00eb – por kjo liri nuk ishte liri kapitaliste. Dhe pastaj ajo p\u00ebrpjekje u shkat\u00ebrrua plot\u00ebsisht nga m\u00ebnyra, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn u tregua historia pas vitit 1990. Kjo ide q\u00eb lindja u mund dhe per\u00ebndimi fitoi ka qen\u00eb aq e d\u00ebmshme-si n\u00eb lindje, p\u00ebr vet\u00ebkuptimin e tyre, ashtu edhe p\u00ebr per\u00ebndim, p\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket pamund\u00ebsis\u00eb p\u00ebr ta par\u00eb veten si humb\u00ebs gjithashtu.<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n

Edukimi i Ypit, thot\u00eb ajo tani, ka rezultuar q\u00eb ajo t\u00eb b\u00ebhet “dyshuese p\u00ebr gjith\u00e7ka. Dhe gjithashtu m\u00eb b\u00ebn cinike. Un\u00eb jam jasht\u00ebzakonisht dyshuese p\u00ebr propagand\u00ebn – si nga e majta ashtu edhe nga e djathta.<\/em>” Por ajo gjithashtu ka prodhuar nj\u00eb ide shum\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunuar t\u00eb liris\u00eb: – jo koncepti i lodhur dhe i zymt\u00eb i zgjedhur p\u00ebr “dit\u00ebn e liris\u00eb<\/em>“, as “liria negative e Trump<\/em>“, [ku] askush nuk ju thot\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebni, \u00e7far\u00eb t\u00eb vishni, ku t\u00eb shkosh<\/em>\u201d, – por liria pozitive – \u201cliria p\u00ebr t\u00eb realizuar potencialin tuaj, p\u00ebr t\u00eb lul\u00ebzuar, p\u00ebr t\u00eb pasur qasje n\u00eb disa mund\u00ebsi<\/em>\u201d, dhe ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht \u201cliria si agjenci morale<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n

T\u00eb gjith\u00eb jemi, shkruan Ypi n\u00eb “E lir\u00eb”, \u201cbashk\u00ebfajtor\u00eb n\u00eb tragjedit\u00eb morale t\u00eb krijuara n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb ideve t\u00eb m\u00ebdha<\/em>\u201d. T\u00eb gjith\u00eb ne? \u201cPo, mendoj k\u00ebshtu. N\u00eb \u00e7do sistem ne nuk kontribuojm\u00eb vet\u00ebm duke b\u00ebr\u00eb gj\u00ebra t\u00eb k\u00ebqija p\u00ebr njer\u00ebzit e tjer\u00eb, por duke marr\u00eb p\u00ebrfitimet. Pra, n\u00ebse shteti po ju siguron shkolla dhe rrug\u00eb e k\u00ebshtu me radh\u00eb, ose n\u00ebse jetoni n\u00eb kapitaliz\u00ebm dhe blini gj\u00ebra n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar – kjo ju b\u00ebn t\u00eb jeni pjes\u00eb e struktur\u00ebs. Askush nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht i pafajsh\u00ebm<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"\"Gjysh\u00ebrit e Ypit. Fotografia: kortezi nga Lea Ypi<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Por ka gjithmon\u00eb, madje edhe n\u00eb sistemet m\u00eb shtyp\u00ebse ose komodizuese, zgjedhje morale. N\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb komuniste, \u201cJu mund t\u00eb zgjidhni n\u00ebse do t\u00eb spiunoni fqinjin tuaj. Mund t\u00eb pretendoni se nuk keni par\u00eb di\u00e7ka. Shum\u00eb shembuj q\u00eb jap n\u00eb lib\u00ebr<\/em>\u201d – p\u00ebr shembull, lufta p\u00ebr Koks-in – jan\u00eb nga zyrtari i mir\u00eb, dikush q\u00eb ushtron pak maturi. \u201dKjo \u00ebsht\u00eb<\/em>, thot\u00eb ajo, \u201cthelbi i besimit tim filozofik: se morali nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb di\u00e7ka e krijuar nga institucionet; ka nj\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb t\u00eb vullnetit t\u00eb mir\u00eb tek t\u00eb gjith\u00eb<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n

Kur Ypi ishte 11 vje\u00e7e, ajo ishte pjes\u00eb e nj\u00eb grupi f\u00ebmij\u00ebsh, q\u00eb rrinin n\u00eb qytetin e saj n\u00eb Durr\u00ebs, duke par\u00eb gazetar\u00ebt e TV italiane, q\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqeshin t\u00eb mbulonin zgjedhjet e para t\u00eb lira. Ajo doli vullnetare p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrkthyer, dhe m\u00eb pas ata e intervistuan. “Kur t\u00eb rritem, dua t\u00eb b\u00ebhem shkrimtare<\/em>,” tha ajo. \u201csepse m\u00eb p\u00eblqen shum\u00eb. Por t\u00eb jesh president [i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb] gjithashtu nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb keq<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ajo ende pyetet p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb tani. A do t\u00eb kandidoj\u00eb ajo p\u00ebr postin? “Un\u00eb do t\u00eb doja t\u00eb kontribuoja n\u00eb nj\u00eb far\u00eb m\u00ebnyre p\u00ebr vendin tim, p\u00ebr t\u00eb kthyer disa nga ato q\u00eb m\u00eb ka dh\u00ebn\u00eb, por nuk e di, n\u00ebse kandidimi p\u00ebr postin \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00ebnyra e duhur. Nuk jam e sigurt se ka nj\u00eb parti atje, q\u00eb ndan idet\u00eb e mia tani dhe nuk mendoj se nj\u00eb individ i vet\u00ebm mund t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb sfiduar sistemin. Keni nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb l\u00ebvizje mjaft t\u00eb fort\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb filluar.<\/em>”<\/p>\n

Ndoshta. Por un\u00eb nuk do ta p\u00ebrjashtoja k\u00ebt\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\n

“E lir\u00eb: Ardhja e koh\u00ebs n\u00eb fund t\u00eb historis\u00eb<\/em>” nga Lea Ypi \u00ebsht\u00eb botuar nga Penguin, me \u00e7mim \u00a320. P\u00ebr t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur Guardian dhe Observer, porositni kopjen tuaj n\u00eb guardianbookshop.com<\/a>. Mund t\u00eb aplikohen tarifat e postimit.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lea Ypi e fotografuar n\u00eb Hamburg. Fotografia: Florian Thoss\/The Guardian Intervist\u00eb Aida Edemariam, The Guardian, 9 tetor 2021 – P\u00ebrktheu Arben \u00c7okaj Lexoni nj\u00eb ekstrakt nga kujtimet e Lea Ypit, “E lir\u00eb” Ajo besonte se prind\u00ebrit e saj e donin regjimin stalinist t\u00eb Enver Hoxh\u00ebs. Por sapo sistemi komunist i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb u rr\u00ebzua, Lea Ypi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":72116,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,4,35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-72023","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-artikuj","category-histori","category-kulture"],"yoast_head":"\nSpiun\u00eb, g\u00ebnjeshtra dhe mendime t\u00eb dyzuara: Lea Ypi rreth rritjes n\u00eb shtetin e fundit komunist t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs - FJALA e LIR\u00cb<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/spiune-genjeshtra-dhe-mendime-te-dyzuara-lea-ypi-rreth-rritjes-ne-shtetin-e-fundit-komunist-te-evropes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Spiun\u00eb, g\u00ebnjeshtra dhe mendime t\u00eb dyzuara: Lea Ypi rreth rritjes n\u00eb shtetin e fundit komunist t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs - FJALA e LIR\u00cb\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Lea Ypi e fotografuar n\u00eb Hamburg. 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