{"id":9475,"date":"2016-12-26T21:38:15","date_gmt":"2016-12-26T20:38:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.fjala.info\/?p=9475"},"modified":"2018-03-01T13:49:01","modified_gmt":"2018-03-01T12:49:01","slug":"prinder-vaksinoni-femijet-vaksinat-nuk-shkaktojne-autizem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jehonashqiptare.al\/fjala\/prinder-vaksinoni-femijet-vaksinat-nuk-shkaktojne-autizem\/","title":{"rendered":"Prind\u00ebr, Vaksinoni F\u00ebmij\u00ebt! Vaksinat Nuk Shkaktojn\u00eb Autiz\u00ebm"},"content":{"rendered":"

WeSpeakScience.com<\/a><\/strong>, 26 dhjetor 2016<\/em><\/p>\n

Jemi n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim t\u00eb vitit 2016 dhe mund t\u00eb themi pa frik\u00eb q\u00eb shkenca k\u00ebt\u00eb vit ka b\u00ebr\u00eb hapa gjigand\u00eb p\u00ebrpara. Nj\u00eb nga hapat m\u00eb gjigand\u00eb t\u00eb mjek\u00ebsis\u00eb q\u00eb nga fillesat e saj \u00ebsht\u00eb zbulimi i vaksinave. Synimi i t\u00eb gjith\u00eb zbulimeve shkencore \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimi i jet\u00ebs s\u00eb njeriut. Ky ishte dhe vazhdon t\u00eb jet\u00eb q\u00ebllimi i p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb vaksinave. Megjithat\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb kemi d\u00ebgjuar t\u00eb flitet shpesh k\u00ebt\u00eb vit p\u00ebr q\u00ebndrime t\u00eb kund\u00ebrta karshi vaksinimit t\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb gj\u00eb q\u00eb mund ta themi me siguri \u00ebsht\u00eb se zbulimi i vaksinave ka revolucionarizuar m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si p\u00ebrceptohet sh\u00ebndeti i njeriut dhe si aplikohet mjek\u00ebsia.<\/p>\n

Vaksina e par\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb dokumentuar n\u00eb vitin 1978, duke sh\u00ebnuar nj\u00eb kthes\u00eb t\u00eb fuqishme n\u00eb zhvillimin e mjek\u00ebsis\u00eb. Ndikimi i vaksinave n\u00eb jet\u00ebn e njeriut ka qen\u00eb dhe vazhdon t\u00eb jet\u00eb shum\u00eb dometh\u00ebn\u00ebs. Vlen t\u00eb p\u00ebrmendet r\u00ebnd\u00ebsia q\u00eb kan\u00eb patur vaksinat n\u00eb \u00e7rr\u00ebnjosjen e poliomelitit n\u00eb vitin 1979 n\u00eb Shtetet e Bashkuara t\u00eb Amerik\u00ebs, p\u00ebr t\u00eb vijuar me \u00e7rr\u00ebnjosjen e lis\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn n\u00eb vitin 1980 e duke vazhduar n\u00eb dit\u00ebt tona me parandalimin e kancerit t\u00eb m\u00ebl\u00e7is\u00eb dhe atij t\u00eb qaf\u00ebs s\u00eb mitr\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Vaksinat konsiderohen nga shum\u00eb shkenc\u00ebtar\u00eb si nj\u00eb nga sukseset m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb sh\u00ebndetin publik dhe pa dyshim jan\u00eb nj\u00eb ndikim i madh n\u00eb zgjidhjen e shum\u00eb problemeve sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore.<\/p>\n

Pavarsisht ndikimit t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm q\u00eb vaksinat kan\u00eb patur, jo t\u00eb gjith\u00eb njer\u00ebzit ndajn\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat pik\u00ebpamje pozitive karshi p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb tyre. Sot, shum\u00eb individ\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb prind\u00ebr dhe politikan\u00eb kan\u00eb shfaqur hapur kund\u00ebrshtin\u00eb e tyre karshi vaksinimit.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb themel t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj l\u00ebvizjeje kund\u00ebr vaksinimit q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb argumente q\u00eb mb\u00ebshtesin iden\u00eb se vaksinat jan\u00eb t\u00eb panevojshme, jo efikase ose dhe t\u00eb rrezikshme.<\/p>\n

Si funksionojn\u00eb Vaksinat?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kur nj\u00eb patogjen si\u00e7 jan\u00eb bakteret e d\u00ebmshme apo viruset infekton organizmin p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb, sistemi yn\u00eb imun nxiton ta njoh\u00eb at\u00eb si \u201cinvadues\u201d bazuar n\u00eb tiparet specifike molekulare t\u00eb patogjenit (i njohur ndryshe si antigjen). N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre antigjen\u00ebve, trupi yn\u00eb prodhon molekula t\u00eb quajtura antitrupa q\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb t\u00eb mundur q\u00eb sistemi yn\u00eb imun t\u00eb kap\u00eb dhe t\u00eb vras\u00eb patogjenin.<\/p>\n

Kur organizmi takon nj\u00eb patogjen p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb e ka t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb mbledh\u00eb mjaftuesh\u00ebm antitrupa p\u00ebr ta mundur infeksionin. Pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb at\u00eb moment patogjeni ka mund\u00ebsin\u00eb t\u00eb sulmoj\u00eb organizmin, duke na b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb ndiejm\u00eb simptomat e s\u00ebmundjes. Pas takimit t\u00eb par\u00eb t\u00eb patogjenit me organizmin e njeriut, trupi yn\u00eb tashm\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb memorizoj\u00eb antigjenin, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb n\u00ebse i nj\u00ebjti patogjen godet p\u00ebrs\u00ebri ne do t\u00eb jemi n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb paraqesim nj\u00eb mbrojtje m\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb ndaj invadimeve t\u00eb ardhshme.<\/p>\n

Vaksinat e ndihmojn\u00eb organizmin t\u00eb njoh\u00eb patogjenin.Specifikisht vaksinat p\u00ebrmbajn\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebt antigjen\u00eb si patogjen\u00ebt, por n\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb dob\u00ebsuar apo t\u00eb vdekur, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb organizmi t\u00eb m\u00ebsoj\u00eb se si duket patogjeni dhe t\u00eb prodhoj\u00eb antitrupa n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb sigurt\u00eb dhe relativisht t\u00eb kontrolluar. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb, kur organizmi t\u00eb takoj\u00eb patogjenin e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb do t\u00eb jet\u00eb tashm\u00eb i trajnuar dhe gati p\u00ebr ta eleminuar, p\u00ebrpara se ai ta d\u00ebmtoj\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb dim\u00eb se vaksinat mbrojn\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm individ\u00ebt t\u00eb cil\u00ebve u jepen, por t\u00eb gjith\u00eb popullsin\u00eb. Kur numri i individ\u00ebve t\u00eb imunizuar (vaksinuar) n\u00eb nj\u00eb popullsi arrin nj\u00eb prag t\u00eb caktuar sigurohet \u201cimuniteti i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm\u201d. \u201cImuniteti i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm\u201d mbron t\u00eb gjith\u00eb popullsin\u00eb, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb dhe ato q\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb vaksinuar. P\u00ebrqindja e popullsis\u00eb q\u00eb duhet imunizuar (vaksinuar) p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur \u201cimunitetin e p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm\u201dvarion sipas llojit t\u00eb s\u00ebmundjes, me prag nga 75-94% p\u00ebr s\u00ebmundjet e zakonshme.\u201cImuniteti i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm\u201d \u00ebsht\u00eb thelb\u00ebsor p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e atyre q\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t`u vaksinuar si foshnjet, grat\u00eb shtat\u00ebz\u00ebna dhe t\u00eb rriturit me imunitet t\u00eb kompromentuar.Kjo tregon se ndon\u00ebse vaksinimi duket si zgjedhje personale, n\u00eb fakt mbron t\u00eb gjith\u00eb popullsin\u00eb.<\/p>\n

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Figura 2<\/strong>. Formimi i imunitetit p\u00ebrmes vaksinimit. (A) Patogjen\u00ebt si bakteret dhe viruset kan\u00eb sinjale molekulare t\u00eb quajtur antigjen\u00eb (trek\u00ebnd\u00ebshat e gjelb\u00ebr) q\u00eb mund t\u00eb njihen nga sistemi yn\u00eb imunitar. (B) Vaksinat p\u00ebrmbajn\u00eb k\u00ebto antigjene (ose nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb tyre), pa pjes\u00ebn e rrezikshme t\u00eb patogjenit q\u00eb shkakton s\u00ebmundje. (C) Pas injektimit t\u00eb antigjen\u00ebve n\u00eb organiz\u00ebm, sistemi yn\u00eb imun gjeneron antitrupa (n\u00eb form\u00eb Y) q\u00eb njohin antigjenin. (D) N\u00ebse nj\u00eb infeksion nga i njeti patogjen shfaqet n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen, sistemi yn\u00eb imun ka tashm\u00eb antitrupat gati. Organizmi yn\u00eb mund t\u00eb njoh\u00eb shpejt patogjenin bazuar n\u00eb antigjenin e tij dhe mund t\u00eb nis\u00eb nj\u00eb mbrojtje t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb dhe efikase.<\/em><\/p>\n

A jan\u00eb vaksinat v\u00ebrtet\u00eb efikase?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Edhe pse asnj\u00eb vaksin\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb 100% efikase, shum\u00eb prej tyre jan\u00eb shum\u00eb af\u00ebr efikasitetit absolut. Mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrmendim 2 dozat e vaksin\u00ebs s\u00eb lis\u00eb s\u00eb dhenve q\u00eb jan\u00eb 98% efikase kundrejt \u00e7do lloj forme t\u00eb lis\u00eb s\u00eb dhenve. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr shum\u00eb vaksina kund\u00ebr s\u00ebmundjeve vdekjeprur\u00ebse si ethet e verdha dhe fruthi jan\u00eb mbi 95% efikase n\u00ebse administrohen sipas planit te caktuar.<\/p>\n

Historia d\u00ebshmon n\u00eb favor t\u00eb efikasitetit t\u00eb vaksinave!<\/p>\n

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Figura 3<\/strong>. \u201cImuniteti i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm. (A) Kur asnj\u00eb individ nga popullsia nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb vaksinuar, infeksionet mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapen me shpejt\u00ebsi, duke sjell\u00eb nj\u00eb shp\u00ebrthim t\u00eb tij. (B) Kur disa individ\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb vaksinuar, ato personalisht jan\u00eb t\u00eb mbrojtur. Megjithat\u00eb n\u00ebse numri i njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb vaksinuar \u00ebsht\u00eb posht\u00eb pragut p\u00ebr \u201cimunitetin e p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm\u201d, infeksionet ende mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapen. (C) Kur nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e konsiderueshme e popullsis\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb vaksinuar, \u201cimuniteti i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm\u201d arrihet. Parandalohen shp\u00ebrthimet e infeksioneve dhe individ\u00ebt e pavaksinuar jan\u00eb t\u00eb mbrojtur.<\/em><\/p>\n

Pavarsisht k\u00ebsaj, individ\u00ebt q\u00eb jan\u00eb kund\u00ebr vaksinave vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb mbrojn\u00eb me argumente q\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtojn\u00eb fuqimisht vaksinimin.Ato pretendojn\u00eb se pak\u00ebsimi i rasteve me fruth pak pas aplikimit t\u00eb vaksin\u00ebs \u00ebshte thjesht rast\u00ebsi dhe masat e tjera si higjena e p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar vetjake dhe publike jan\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebset kryesore p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb pak\u00ebsim. N\u00ebse kjo do t\u00eb ishte e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, logjikisht do t\u00eb prisnim r\u00ebnie drastike t\u00eb numrit t\u00eb individ\u00ebve t\u00eb prekur nga t\u00eb gjith\u00eb s\u00ebmundjet af\u00ebrisht n\u00eb t\u00eb njet\u00ebn periudh\u00eb. Megjithat\u00eb r\u00ebnia m\u00eb dometh\u00ebn\u00ebse e numrit t\u00eb t\u00eb prekurve nga poliomeliti ka ndodhur pak pas li\u00e7ensimit t\u00eb vaksin\u00ebs s\u00eb poliomelitit n\u00eb vitin 1955, shum\u00eb vite p\u00ebrpara fillimit t\u00eb \u00e7rr\u00ebnjosjes s\u00eb fruthit.Nj\u00eb rast tjet\u00ebr i ngjash\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb r\u00ebnia dometh\u00ebn\u00ebse numrit t\u00eb t\u00eb prekurve nga rubeola pas vitit 1969, kur dhe vaksina kund\u00ebr k\u00ebsaj s\u00ebmundjeje u li\u00e7ensua p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb. Kjo hedh posht\u00eb pretendimin se \u00e7rr\u00ebnjosja e k\u00ebtyre s\u00ebmundjeve \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht\u00eb rast\u00ebsi!<\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimet n\u00eb higjen\u00eb jan\u00eb pa dyshim nj\u00eb plus i madh, disponimi i vaksinave \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb padiskutueshme \u00e7el\u00ebsi i ndalimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapjes s\u00eb s\u00ebmundjeve.<\/p>\n

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Figura 4<\/strong>. Rastet n\u00eb USA p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb viteve me fruth (sip\u00ebr), rubeol\u00eb (n\u00eb mes) dhe poliomelit (posht\u00eb).Vijat e thyera p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsojn\u00eb vitet,kur vaksinat p\u00ebr s\u00ebmundjet e paraqitura jan\u00eb li\u00e7ensuar p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb nga Administrata e Ushqimit dhe Medikamenteve (fruthi-1963, rubeola-1969, poliomeliti-1955).<\/em><\/p>\n

A shkaktojn\u00eb vaksinat autiz\u00ebm?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb nga argumentet m\u00eb popullore q\u00eb sjellin personat q\u00eb jan\u00eb kund\u00ebr vaksinimit \u00ebsht\u00eb ai se vaksinat m\u00eb shum\u00eb d\u00ebmtojn\u00eb se sh\u00ebrojn\u00eb, duke shkaktuar autiz\u00ebm dhe d\u00ebmtime n\u00eb zhvillimin e trurit, q\u00eb dihet se pengojn\u00eb nd\u00ebrveprimin social dhe komunikimin.<\/p>\n

Ky argument u b\u00eb i famsh\u00ebm nga kirurgu britanik Andrew Wakefield, \u201cbabai i l\u00ebvizjes kund\u00ebr vaksinimit\u201d. N\u00eb artikullin e tij t\u00eb vitit 1998, t\u00eb publikuar n\u00eb gazet\u00ebn mjek\u00ebsore \u201cThe Lancet\u201d Wakefield pretendoi p\u00ebr nj\u00eb lidhje mes autizmit dhe vaksin\u00ebs s\u00ebfruthit, shytave dhe rubeol\u00ebs (MMR). Ky artikull p\u00ebrshkruan nj\u00eb studim t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb 12 f\u00ebmij\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kishin filluar t\u00eb shfaqnin simptoma t\u00eb autizmit, ashtu si dhe t\u00eb problemeve gastrointestinale pak pas aplikimit t\u00eb vaksin\u00ebs MMR.<\/p>\n

Pa kaluar shum\u00eb koh\u00eb nga studimi i Wakefield, shkenc\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb kryen k\u00ebrkime t\u00eb pavarura t\u00eb cilat hodh\u00ebn posht\u00eb gjetjet e Wakefield. Studime t\u00eb tjera nga Mbret\u00ebria e Bashkuar n\u00eb vitin 1994, Finlanda dhe Danimarka n\u00eb vitin 2002 dhe Japonia n\u00eb vitin 2005 n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme kund\u00ebrshtuan gjetjet e Wakefield. N\u00eb vitin 2014 shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt australian\u00eb analizuan rezultatet e kombinuara t\u00eb 10 studimeve t\u00eb m\u00ebparshme, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt n\u00eb total p\u00ebrfshinin m\u00eb shum\u00eb s\u00eb 1.2 milion f\u00ebmij\u00eb dhe n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme zbuluan se nuk ekzistonte lidhje mes vaksinimit dhe autizmit. Se fundmi nj\u00eb studim i publikuar n\u00eb prill t\u00eb vitit 2015 n\u00eb Shtetet e Bashkuara t\u00eb Amerik\u00ebs ka treguar dhe nj\u00ebher\u00eb se vaksina MMR nuk e rrit rrezikun p\u00ebr t\u00eb zhvilluar autiz\u00ebm, madje as p\u00ebr ato q\u00eb jan\u00eb gjenetikisht t\u00eb predispozuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb zhvilluar k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7rregullim.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitin 2004 gazetari investigativ britanik Brian Deer prezantoi d\u00ebshmi q\u00eb tregonin se Wakefield mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb falsifikuar t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat n\u00eb publikimin e tij. Argumentet kund\u00ebr gjetjeve t\u00eb Wakefield vazhduan t\u00eb jen\u00eb n\u00eb qend\u00ebr t\u00eb v\u00ebmendjes deri n\u00eb janar t\u00eb vitit 2010, kur K\u00ebshilli i P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm Mjek\u00ebsor e shpalli at\u00eb fajtor p\u00ebr shkelje serioze dhe \u201cLancet\u201d t\u00ebrhoqi artikullin origjinal t\u00eb vitit 1998.<\/p>\n

Popullariteti i vazhduesh\u00ebm i teoris\u00eb q\u00eb mb\u00ebshtet lidhjen mes autizmit dhe vaksinimit ka marr\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje nga shum\u00eb prind\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kan\u00eb ndar\u00eb me publikun historit\u00eb e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve t\u00eb tyre, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt filluan t\u00eb shfaqnin shenja t\u00eb autizmit pak pas vaksinimit.Fillesa e autizmit sh\u00ebnjohet n\u00eb 2-3 vitet e para t\u00eb jet\u00ebs s\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebve q\u00eb p\u00ebrkon me t\u00eb nj\u00ebt\u00ebn mosh\u00eb, kur f\u00ebmij\u00ebt marrin shumic\u00ebn e vaksinave.<\/p>\n

Rritja e numrit t\u00eb t\u00eb diagnostikuarve me autiz\u00ebm ka ardhur pjes\u00ebrisht dhe si rrjedhoj\u00eb e ndryshimeve n\u00eb p\u00ebrkufizimin e autizmit.P\u00ebrkufizimi i autizmit \u00ebsht\u00eb detajuar dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb m\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00ebs, prandaj dhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00eb po diagnostikohen me k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7rregullim. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebtat simptoma t\u00eb cilat sot konsiderohen si \u201cautiz\u00ebm\u201d, dekada m\u00eb par\u00eb jan\u00eb diagnostikuar si prapambetje mendore.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb e dh\u00ebn\u00eb interesante \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo q\u00eb vjen nga qyteti i Yokohamas, n\u00eb Japoni. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb qytet nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb aplikuar vaksina MMR n\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e lindur q\u00eb nga viti 1993.Megjithat\u00eb, nivelet e autizmit jan\u00eb rritur mes f\u00ebmij\u00ebve t\u00eb pavaksinuar. K\u00ebshtu q\u00eb ndon\u00ebse shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb shkakun ekzakt t\u00eb autizmit, nj\u00eb gj\u00eb mbetet e pandryshuar: Askush, akoma nuk ka gjetur nj\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb shkencore bind\u00ebse q\u00eb mb\u00ebshtet lidhjen mes vaksinimit dhe autizmit.Shum\u00eb, shum\u00eb, shum\u00eb studime e kan\u00eb konfirmuar k\u00ebt\u00eb. P\u00ebrmbledhja m\u00eb e fundit sistematike e studimeve mbi vaksin\u00ebn MMR, Cochrane p\u00ebrfshin 6 seri studimesh shkak-pasoj\u00eb, 2 studime ekologjike, 1 studim klinik t\u00eb tipit crossover, 5 studime klinike t\u00eb pavarura, 17 studime kontrolli, 27 studime kohorte dhe 5 studime klinike t\u00eb kontrolluara, t\u00eb rast\u00ebsishme. M\u00eb shum\u00eb se 15 milion\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00eb u b\u00ebn\u00eb pjes\u00eb e k\u00ebrkimit n\u00eb fjal\u00eb, por askush nuk mundi t\u00eb gjej\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna n\u00eb favor t\u00eb lidhjes mes vaksinimit dhe autizmit.<\/p>\n

A sjell vaksinimi rreziqe t\u00eb tjera p\u00ebrtej autizmit?<\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u00ebto dilema shpeshher\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb arsyeshme.Shum\u00eb vaksina nuk rekomandohen p\u00ebr individ\u00eb q\u00eb kan\u00eb alergji serioze dhe p\u00ebr ato q\u00eb kan\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem imunitar t\u00eb dob\u00ebsuar si pasoj\u00eb e s\u00ebmundjeve si HIV\/SIDA apo kanceri. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb vaksina sezonale e gripit mund t\u00eb shkaktoj\u00eb simptoma k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuese p\u00ebr jet\u00ebn n\u00eb njer\u00ebzit me sindrom\u00ebn Guillain-Barr\u00e9. N\u00eb raste t\u00eb rralla d\u00ebmtimi i shpatull\u00ebs, i lidhur me administrimin e vaksinave q\u00eb sjell dhimbje t\u00eb zgjatur dhe ngurt\u00ebsi mund t\u00eb vij\u00eb si pasoj\u00eb e injektimit shum\u00eb lart n\u00eb krah t\u00eb vaksin\u00ebs.Megjithat\u00eb, pavarsisht se ekzistojn\u00eb situata t\u00eb caktuara kur vaksinat mund t\u00eb shkaktojn\u00eb efekte an\u00ebsore t\u00eb r\u00ebnda, ato jan\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb rralla.<\/p>\n

Efektet an\u00ebsore m\u00eb t\u00eb shpeshta t\u00eb vaksinave, si shqet\u00ebsimi n\u00eb vendin e injeksionit, dob\u00ebsia dhe temperatura jan\u00eb t\u00eb lehta dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme. Temperatura mundet ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsohet pas vaksinimit.Kjo gjendje ndon\u00ebse shqet\u00ebson shum\u00eb prind\u00ebr, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb as k\u00ebrc\u00ebnuese p\u00ebr jet\u00ebn, as nuk shkakton d\u00ebmtime t\u00eb p\u00ebrhershme.<\/p>\n

\"\"Figura 5<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Cilat jan\u00eb shqet\u00ebsimet m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha q\u00eb prind\u00ebrit kan\u00eb n\u00eb lidhje me vaksinimin?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Do ju rendisim m\u00eb posht\u00eb shqet\u00ebsimet kryesore t\u00eb prind\u00ebrve n\u00eb lidhje me vaksinimin dhe t\u00eb v\u00ebrtetat e shum\u00ebpritura.<\/p>\n

1. Shqet\u00ebsimi kryesor i prind\u00ebrve \u00ebsht\u00eb se shum\u00eb vaksina do t\u00eb mbingarkonin sistemin imunitar t\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebs.<\/strong><\/p>\n

E v\u00ebrteta \u00ebsht\u00eb se n\u00ebse prind\u00ebrit e lindur n\u00eb vitet 1970-1980 jan\u00eb vaksinuar kund\u00ebr vet\u00ebm 8 s\u00ebmundjeve, nj\u00eb 2-vje\u00e7ar sot mund t\u00eb mund\u00eb deri n\u00eb 14 s\u00ebmundje.Kjo b\u00ebn q\u00eb k\u00ebta f\u00ebmij\u00eb t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb mbrojtur nga rreth 2 her\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb s\u00ebmundje nga \u00e7far\u00eb kan\u00eb qen\u00eb prind\u00ebrit e tyre.Thelbi q\u00ebndron tek p\u00ebrmbajtja e vaksinave. Antigjen\u00ebt jan\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebrja virale ose bakteriale e vaksin\u00ebs q\u00eb ndihmon sistemin imun t\u00eb formoj\u00eb antitrupa dhe t\u00eb luftoj\u00eb infeksionet e ardhshme, pra nuk e mbingarkon at\u00eb!<\/p>\n

2. Shqet\u00ebsimi tjet\u00ebr ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me pretendimin e prind\u00ebrve se sistemi imun i f\u00ebmij\u00ebve t\u00eb tyre \u00ebsht\u00eb i paformuar, prandaj dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e sigurt\u00eb shtyrja e aplikimit t\u00eb disa vaksinave dhe aplikimi vet\u00ebm i atyre m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmeve.<\/strong><\/p>\n

E v\u00ebrteta \u00ebsht\u00eb krejt ndryshe n\u00eb fakt.P\u00ebr shembull shtyrja me vet\u00ebm 3 muaj e vaksin\u00ebs MMR rrit n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb dometh\u00ebn\u00ebse rrezikun e konvulsioneve.Nuk ka d\u00ebshmi q\u00eb mb\u00ebshtesin faktin se shtyja e vaksinave \u00ebsht\u00eb e sigurt\u00eb.Ajo q\u00eb dim\u00eb me siguri \u00ebsht\u00eb se vaksinat e programuara jan\u00eb t\u00eb planifikuara t\u00eb sigurojn\u00eb mbrojtjen m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb mundshme.<\/p>\n

3. Nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr shqet\u00ebsim lidhet me p\u00ebrmbajtjen toksike t\u00eb vaksinave, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr p\u00ebrmbajtjen e m\u00ebrkurit, aluminit, formaldehideve dhe antifriz\u00ebs.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Po si q\u00ebndron e v\u00ebrteta?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Shumica e vaksinave jan\u00eb thjesht uj\u00eb dhe antigjen\u00eb, por k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb pranin\u00eb e p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebsve shtes\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb stabilizuar p\u00ebrzierjen dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur efikasitetin e vaksin\u00ebs.Prind\u00ebrit shqet\u00ebsohen, sepse disa vaksina dikur p\u00ebrmbanin timerosal, q\u00eb zb\u00ebrthehet n\u00eb etilm\u00ebrkur, i cili ndryshe nga se ndodh me metilm\u00ebrkurin, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb neurotoksin\u00eb nuk akumulohet n\u00eb organiz\u00ebm.Megjithat\u00eb timerosali \u00ebsht\u00eb hequr nga t\u00eb gjith\u00eb vaksinat p\u00ebr foshnje q\u00eb nga viti 2001 si nj\u00eb \u201cmas\u00eb paraprake\u201d.<\/p>\n

Vaksinat p\u00ebrmbajn\u00eb krip\u00ebra alumini p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur p\u00ebrgjigjen imune, duke stimuluar prodhim m\u00eb t\u00eb madh t\u00eb antitrupave e n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb duke rritur efikasitetin e vaksin\u00ebs. Edhe pse ato shkaktojn\u00eb skuqje dhe enjtje n\u00eb vendin e injeksionit, p\u00ebrmbajtja e tyre \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb her\u00eb m\u00eb e vog\u00ebl se ajo q\u00eb p\u00ebrmbahet n\u00eb qum\u00ebshtin e gjirit, q\u00eb d\u00ebshmon se efektet afatgjata t\u00eb tyre nuk ekzistojn\u00eb. Gjurm\u00eb t\u00eb formaldehideve jan\u00eb gjetur n\u00eb disa vaksina, pasi p\u00ebrdoren p\u00ebr t\u00eb inaktivizuar kontaminimin e mundsh\u00ebm, por kjo sasi \u00ebsht\u00eb qindra her\u00eb m\u00eb e vog\u00ebl se ajo q\u00eb njer\u00ebzit marrin nga burimet e tjera si p\u00ebr shembull frutat.N\u00eb fakt trupi yn\u00eb vet\u00eb prodhon m\u00eb shum\u00eb formaldehide nga se p\u00ebrmbahen n\u00eb vaksina.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebs t\u00eb caktuar n\u00eb vaksina i ekspozojn\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebt ndaj disa rreziqeve.Antibiotik\u00eb si neomicina, q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr t\u00eb parandaluar rritjen bakteriale n\u00eb disa vaksina dhe xhelatina, q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret shpesh p\u00ebr t\u00eb parandaluar degradimin e p\u00ebrb\u00ebrs\u00ebsve t\u00eb vaksinave me kalimin e koh\u00ebs mund t\u00eb shkaktojn\u00eb reaksione shum\u00eb t\u00eb rralla anafilaktike, ndon\u00ebse jan\u00eb ekstremisht t\u00eb rralla. P\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket antifriz\u00ebs, thjesht nuk ndodhet n\u00eb vaksina!<\/p>\n

4. Nj\u00eb nga frazat q\u00eb d\u00ebgjojm\u00eb m\u00eb shpesh nga prind\u00ebrit \u00ebsht\u00eb se vaksinat nuk funksionojn\u00eb gjithsesi dhe p\u00ebr t`u bindur mjafton t`i hedhim nj\u00eb sy vaksin\u00ebs s\u00eb gripit t\u00eb vitit t\u00eb shkuar.<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb fakt e v\u00ebrteta \u00ebsht\u00eb se pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e vaksinave jan\u00eb 85-95% efikase.Gjithsesi vaksina e gripit \u00ebsht\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht e nd\u00ebrlikuar.\u00c7do vit, specialist\u00ebt e infeksioneve nga e gjith\u00eb bota mundohen t\u00eb parashikojn\u00eb cil\u00ebt modele virusesh \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb qarkullojn\u00eb gjat\u00eb sezonit t\u00eb ardhsh\u00ebm t\u00eb gripit. \u00cbsht\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb q\u00eb vaksina e vitit t\u00eb kaluar kund\u00ebr gripit ishte vet\u00ebm 23% efikase n\u00eb parandalimin e gripit, por megjithat\u00eb edhe pse vet\u00ebm 23% efikase, qindra mij\u00ebra njer\u00ebz jan\u00eb kursyer nga gripi. Konkluzioni \u00ebsht\u00eb se vaksinat n\u00ebnkuptojn\u00eb m\u00eb pak vdekje, shtrime n\u00eb spital dhe paaft\u00ebsi!<\/p>\n

5. Nuk do t\u00eb ekzistonte nj\u00eb \u201cgjykat\u00eb\u201d p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e vaksinave, n\u00ebse ato nuk do t\u00eb ishin t\u00eb rrezikshme. Sado qesharak t\u00eb duket ky pretendim, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga shqet\u00ebsimet m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve.<\/strong><\/p>\n

E v\u00ebrteta \u00ebsht\u00eb se sado t\u00eb sigurta t\u00eb jen\u00eb vaksinat, s\u00ebrisht shkaktojn\u00eb efekte an\u00ebsore t\u00eb rralla dhe t\u00eb papritura.Megjithat\u00eb njer\u00ebzit nuk duhet t\u00eb mbajn\u00eb mbi vete barr\u00ebn e shpenzimeve financiare q\u00eb lidhet me k\u00ebto efekte.Pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00eb u mendua krijimi i nj\u00eb strukture q\u00eb kryen \u201crregullatorin\u201d n\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjet q\u00eb lidhen me vaksinat.<\/p>\n

Ju mund t\u00eb mendoni pse njer\u00ebzit thjesht nuk kan\u00eb denoncuar kompanit\u00eb farmaceutike? N\u00eb fakt jo se nuk ka ndodhur, por nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje e till\u00eb mund t\u00eb fitohet vet\u00ebm n\u00ebse vaksina \u00ebsht\u00eb defektive, q\u00eb n\u00eb fakt n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb rastet e denoncuara nuk q\u00ebndronte. Ato thjesht p\u00ebrmbanin rreziqe t\u00eb mir\u00ebnjohura.Megjithat\u00eb denoncimet vazhduan, kjo b\u00ebri q\u00eb kompani t\u00eb caktuara, n\u00eb nj\u00eb moment t\u00eb caktuar t\u00eb ndalonin prodhimin e vaksinave, duke sjell\u00eb mungesa t\u00eb theksuara n\u00eb treg.F\u00ebmij\u00ebt po mbeteshin t\u00eb pavaksinuar. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb moment hyri n\u00eb loj\u00eb Kongresi apo \u201cgjykata\u201d. Fillimisht ai rriti mbrojtjen ndaj kompanive farmaceutike, duke mund\u00ebsuar vazhdim\u00ebsin\u00eb e prodhimit t\u00eb vaksinave si dhe e b\u00ebri m\u00eb t\u00eb leht\u00eb marrjen e kompensimeve nga prind\u00ebrit.<\/p>\n

6. Shum\u00eb prind\u00ebr skeptik\u00eb mendojn\u00eb se vaksinat jan\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebrmes t\u00eb cil\u00ebs kompanit\u00eb farmaceutike dhe doktor\u00ebt t\u00eb fitojn\u00eb para.<\/strong><\/p>\n

E v\u00ebrteta \u00ebsht\u00eb se kompanit\u00eb farmaceutike sigurisht q\u00eb p\u00ebrfitojn\u00eb nga vaksinat, por vaksinat jan\u00eb shum\u00eb larg p\u00ebrcaktimit si medikamente q\u00eb sjellin p\u00ebrfitime t\u00eb larta vjetore (blockbuster).P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj \u00ebsht\u00eb e arsyeshme q\u00eb kompanit\u00eb t\u00eb fitojn\u00eb, pasi ato rrall\u00eb finacohen nga shteti.Pothuajse t\u00eb gjith\u00eb fondet e parashikuara nga Instituti Komb\u00ebtar i Sh\u00ebndetit p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkime mbi vaksinat shkojn\u00eb p\u00ebr universitet.<\/p>\n

Nga ana tjet\u00ebr mjek\u00ebt pediat\u00ebr nuk p\u00ebrfitojn\u00eb aspak nga vaksinat. Madje disa prej tyre e kan\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t`i blejn\u00eb, magazinojn\u00eb dhe administrojn\u00eb ato!<\/p>\n

7. Nj\u00eb shqet\u00ebsim i prind\u00ebrve lidhet me faktin se efektet an\u00ebsore t\u00eb disa vaksinave duken m\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebqija se vet\u00eb s\u00ebmundja.<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb duhet 10-15 vite dhe shum\u00eb studime q\u00eb vaksinat e reja t\u00eb kalojn\u00eb 4 fazat e testimit t\u00eb siguris\u00eb dhe efikasitetit dhe t\u00eb aprovohen. M\u00eb pas Administrata e Ushqimit dhe Medikamenteve kontrollon t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat p\u00ebr t`u siguruar se vaksinat b\u00ebjn\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb thuhet nga prodhuesit. M\u00eb pas vendoset n\u00ebse do t\u00eb rekomandohet nga mjek\u00ebt apo jo. Asnj\u00eb kompani nuk do t\u00eb investonte aq shum\u00eb para n\u00eb nj\u00eb vaksin\u00eb q\u00eb shkakton m\u00eb shum\u00eb probleme sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore, nga sa parandalon.<\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb q\u00eb efektet an\u00ebsore si temperatura e lart\u00eb dhe dhimbje n\u00eb vendin e injeksionit jan\u00eb t\u00eb pranishme, por efektet an\u00ebsore m\u00eb serioze jan\u00eb t\u00eb rralla.<\/p>\n

Vaksinat, ashtu si \u00e7do zhvillim tjet\u00ebr mjek\u00ebsor kan\u00eb avantazhet dhe disavantazhet e tyre.Historia dhe shkenca kan\u00eb treguan n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb vazhdueshme se avantazhet e vaksinimit jan\u00eb qartazi shum\u00eb her\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha se disavantazhet. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr q\u00eb k\u00ebto disavantazhe mund t\u00eb shmangen n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet studimeve t\u00eb detajuara. Megjithat\u00eb mosbesimi karshi vaksinave ka vazhduar, pavarsisht d\u00ebshmive t\u00eb bollshme se ato jan\u00eb t\u00eb sigurta, t\u00eb fuqishme, efikase dhe nuk shkaktojn\u00eb autiz\u00ebm.Pavarsisht t\u00eb gjith\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtive n\u00eb lidhje m\u00eb vaksinimin, asnj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb provuar inefikasitetin apo rrezikshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e tyre p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb koh\u00ebs dhe testimeve nuk ka patur sukses.<\/p>\n

Shum\u00eb pyetje nga shkenca dhe mjek\u00ebsia jan\u00eb t\u00eb ngat\u00ebrruara dhe acaruese, por pyetja mbi vaksinimin nuk ka pse t\u00eb jet\u00eb e till\u00eb. Kjo sepse p\u00ebrfundimi mbi vaksinat \u00ebsht\u00eb tashm\u00eb i njohur: e pafajshme, efikase, e fuqishme dhe tep\u00ebr e rekomanduar!<\/p>\n

Copyright: Ky artikull \u00ebsht\u00eb pron\u00eb e We Speak Science, institutit jo fitimprur\u00ebs themeluar nga dy shkenc\u00ebtaret shqip\u00ebtare Dr. Detina Zalli (Harvard University) dhe Dr. Argita Zalli (Imperial College London). Artikulli \u00ebsht\u00eb shkruar nga Detina Zalli dhe Harmela Sinanaj (Universiteti i Mjek\u00ebsis\u00eb, Tiran\u00eb).<\/p>\n

Referencat<\/strong>:
\n1. http:\/\/sitn.hms.harvard.edu\/flash\/2016\/to-vaccinate-or-not-to-vaccinate-searching-for-a-verdict-in-the-vaccination-debate\/<\/a>
\n2. http:\/\/www.parents.com\/health\/vaccines\/controversy\/8-reasons-parents-dont-vaccinate-and-why-they-should\/<\/a>
\n3. http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2015\/09\/18\/upshot\/not-up-for-debate-the-science-behind-vaccination.html?_r=0<\/a>
\n4. https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/MMR_vaccine<\/a><\/p>\n

Burimi i fotove<\/strong>:
\n1. Fig 1. https:\/\/celiac.org\/celiac-disease\/understanding-celiac-disease-2\/celiac-disease-vaccinations\/<\/a>
\n2. Fig 2,3,4. http:\/\/sitn.hms.harvard.edu\/flash\/2016\/to-vaccinate-or-not-to-vaccinate-searching-for-a-verdict-in-the-vaccination-debate\/<\/a>
\n3. Fig 5. https:\/\/celiac.org\/celiac-disease\/understanding-celiac-disease-2\/celiac-disease-vaccinations\/<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

WeSpeakScience.com, 26 dhjetor 2016 Jemi n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim t\u00eb vitit 2016 dhe mund t\u00eb themi pa frik\u00eb q\u00eb shkenca k\u00ebt\u00eb vit ka b\u00ebr\u00eb hapa gjigand\u00eb p\u00ebrpara. Nj\u00eb nga hapat m\u00eb gjigand\u00eb t\u00eb mjek\u00ebsis\u00eb q\u00eb nga fillesat e saj \u00ebsht\u00eb zbulimi i vaksinave. Synimi i t\u00eb gjith\u00eb zbulimeve shkencore \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimi i jet\u00ebs s\u00eb njeriut. Ky ishte […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9475","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-artikuj"],"yoast_head":"\nPrind\u00ebr, Vaksinoni F\u00ebmij\u00ebt! 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